The art of paper-cutting in China may date back to the second century, since paper    1    (invent)by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. As paper became more affordable, paper0cutting became one of the most important    2    (type) of Chinese folk art. Later,    3     different regions adopting their own cultural styles, this art form spread to other parts of the world.    4     (usual), the artworks are made of red paper, as red is associated with    5    (happy) in Chinese culture, but other colors are also used.

With    6    (it) long history, paper-cutting,    7    originated in China, has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people. People put up papercuts on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals     8    (strengthen) the cheerful atmosphere.

Chinese papercuts are rich in content. The auspicious（吉祥的）designs symbolize good luck and the avoidance of evil. The child, lotus and bat designs suggest a family with    9    large number of children and grandchildren. Birds, livestock, fruit, fish and worms are also familiar objects    10    (accept) by Chinese farmers. In a word, papercuts used in different occasions have different meanings.

Beijing Opera,    1    (know) as China's national opera, also called Peking Opera, which originated in the late 18th century, is a combination of music, dance, art and acrobatics (杂技). It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It is called Beijing Opera because it is formed in Beijing. Beijing Opera has    2    history of 200 years and its origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui Opera,     3    was very popular in northern China in the 18th century. In 1790, the first Anhui Opera performance    4     (hold) in Beijing to celebrate the Emperor's birthday.

Later, some other Anhui Opera troupes (班子)     5     (continue) performing in Beijing. Anhui Opera was easy    6     (move) and good at absorbing the acting styles of other types of operas. Beijing accumulated many local operas,     7     (make) Anhui Opera improve quickly.

    8    the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, after the marriage for 10 years, Beijing Opera finally formed, and became the    9     (big) of all Operas in China. We can    10     (honest) say that Beijing Opera is the most important opera in China.

The Laba Festival is regarded as one of the traditional Chinese     1    （festival).It is celebrated on the eighth day of the twelfth month of Chinese lunar calendar,     2    (refer)to the traditional start of celebrations for the Chinese Spring Festival. "La" in Chinese means the 12th lunar month and "ba" means eight.

Legends about it also vary, one of     3    holds that over 3,000 years ago sacrificial rites(祭礼）called "La" were held in the twelfth lunar month when people offered their preys(猎物）    4    the Gods of heaven and earth. The Chinese characters for prey and the twelfth month were interchangeable then, and ever since "La"     5    (use) to refer to both. Since the festival was held on the eighth day of the last month, people    6    (late) added the number eight ( "ba" in Chinese), giving     7    (we) the current Laba.

Traditionally, the Laba rice porridge is also of great     8    (important). The porridge must be boiled for many hours and then offered as a sacrifice to ancestors. It was also a time for the ancient Chinese    9    (pray) to heaven and earth that there would be     10    abundant harvest. Many people hoped for good luck as well for the coming year.

The fire at Notre-Dame Cathedral de Paris(巴黎圣母院) has raised questions about the condition of thousands of other cathedrals and historic     1     (structure) across the Europe. It also raises questions about whether European government     2     (do) enough to keep up and care for such buildings in the past decades. Tibor Navacies, the European Union’s top culture official, told The associated Press that “we are so used to our outstanding cultural heritage     3     we tend to forget that it needs     4     (restore) from time to time." Some people say the fire was a wake-up call , not just for Europe , but the whole world .

Large fires have long robbed humanity     5     knowledge , art and treasures . In 2015 , the German engineering company Siemens     6    (find) that Scotland had about ten    7    ( damage ) fires a year , while England lost at least a dozen listed buildings a year . In Germany , seventy historic buildings have been     8     (heavy) damaged since 2000. Experts say    9    is needed is continuous attention and maintenance. Some say world famous monuments like Notre-Dame are the driving force behind tourism and should get more respect. Sneska , who heads the heritage group Europa Nostra , noted the     10     (significant ) of such respect . " Cultural heritage is a gold mine. You cannot exploit it and then just leave the mine and go to another one.” he said.

The art of paper-cutting in China may date back to the second century， since paper     1    （invent）by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty in China． As paper became more affordable， paper-cutting became one of the most important     2    （type） of Chinese folk art. Later，    3    different regions using their own cultural styles，this art form spread to other parts of the world．    4    （usual），the artworks are made of red paper，as red is connected with     5    （happy）in Chinese culture，but other colors are also used．

With     6    （it）long history，paper-cutting，    7    originated in China，has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people．People put up papercuts on walls，windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals     8    （add）to the cheerful atmosphere(氛围)．

Chinese papercuts are rich in content．The auspicious（吉祥的）designs symbolize good luck and the avoidance of evil．The child， lotus（莲花）and bat designs suggest a family with     9     large number of children and grandchildren． Birds， livestock， fruit， fish and worms are also familiar objects     10    （accept） by Chinese farmers． In a word，papercuts used in different occasions have different meanings．

6 . Undoubtedly, Britain is a nation of hat wearers. From taking off hats     1     launching mortar boards (学位帽) in the air, hats have long been associated with ceremonies and practices. Even the history of the country can     2    (tell) through hats.

    3     (date) back to medieval England, the flat cap became a symbol of working class culture in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Edwardian Era was     4     golden age of hats, when the decorations became even more delicate, ranging from flowers, birds to fruits. The pork pie hat, starting in the middle 19th century, was the     5    (choose) for many well-dressed Victorian citizens. Decades later it     6    (gradual) became a key feature of London street style. By the 1960s, though, hats faded out of people’s sight because of the rise of private cars. It was the Royal Wedding     7    (hold) in 2011 that contributed to the return of hat wearing. For example, Stockport Hat Works Museum— the only museum in the country featured in hats and hat making — is     8    (popular) than ever, with a distinct increase on its visitors.

    9     marks Britain out on the world stage is the large number of hats of different shapes and colors. The variety of hats in Britain     10     (reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.

The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea,     1     more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into     2     popular pastime.

This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea     3     (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon!     Afternoon tea,     4     (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.   It went on to become a     5     (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.

Now there is a resurgence (复苏) in its     6     (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.     7     it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place     8     (enjoy) a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid     9     (ask) to leave.

Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour devoted to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you try it, you     10    (agree).