1 . The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years.
Xushui Lion Dance
Hebei is the birthplace of the Northern Lion Dance. The Xushui Lion Dance is mainly performed during the Spring Festival and religious ceremonies of local temples. In the dance two people usually play the lion: one waving the lion head and the other waving the lion body and tail. The latter is one important feature of the Northern Lion Dance. The lion, with its exaggerated appearance, is mighty and valorous, and also naive and lovely. It can vividly perform watching, standing, walking,·running, rolling, sleeping and shaking its mane and also many other difficult acrobatics.
Tianta Lion Dance
The Tianta Lion Dance formed during the Sui and Tang period in Shanxi, is surprising, adventurous, vagarious, peerless and splendid, since it is performed on towering hath paces, which is really a breathtaking acrobatic scene. The protection and salvation of the Tianta Lion Dance is very important for research on local aesthetics, folklore, music and dance history.
Huangsha Lion Dance
The Huangsha Lion Dance originated in the Northern Song Dynasty and was popular in the Huashayang area of Linhai City, Zhejiang Province. Its biggest highlight is the ingenious adoption of martial arts into the performance. The Huangsha Lion Dance, valuable for research on local folklore, sociology, and aesthetics, now needs urgent protection and salvation. There are less than ten people alive who can perform the dance today.
Guangdong Lion Dance
The Guangdong Lion Dance is a typical Southern Lion Dance. It originated from the royal lion dance during the Tang Dynasty and was later introduced to the south by immigrants from the north. The Guangdong Lion Dance finally came into being in its present form that adopted local characteristics during the Ming Dynasty. It mainly focuses on the performance of the civilian lion dance, attaching much attention to movements like scratching an itch, shaking the mane and licking the hair.
1. Where did the Northern Lion Dance originate?| A．In Guangdong. | B．In Hebei. | C．In Shanxi. | D．In Zhejiang. |
| A．Xushui Lion Dance. | B．Tianta Lion Dance. |
| C．Huangsha Lion Dance. | D．Guangdong Lion Dance. |
| A．To call on us to protect the Lion Dance. |
| B．To teach us how to enjoy the Lion Dance. |
| C．To encourage the young to learn the Lion Dance. |
| D．To introduce us several representative types of the Lion Dance. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I think teenagers in China should have a specially festival that I would call it Teenager Volunteer Day. As is known to all, most teenagers in China are brought up as a only child in the family. They usually given too many care and attention. Through volunteering, teenagers may learn to think of others and many other important life lesson. In Teenager Volunteer Day, teenagers are encouraged to volunteer wherever you are needed. They may help to raise money for people which suffer from a serious disease, go to a home for the aged to do what is good for old people, or collecting books for children in poor areas.
1. 上午：从学校乘车去乡下植树；
2. 下午：拜访当地人家，宣传环保。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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1.推荐地点；
2. 推荐理由；
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Dick,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
5 . Every time a new year is coming, people set out to better themselves. They promise they will lose weight, find a new job, or maybe even take that vacation they’ve always talked about. But why do we make these promises to ourselves, and where did this tradition come from? Why does this tradition live on when so many people fail to keep the resolutions(决定) they made? Well, we can start by blaming the ancient Babylonians.
Around 4,000 years ago in Babylon, the earliest recorded celebration honoring the coming of a new year was held. Calendars weren’t as they are today, so the Babylonians did it in late March during the first new moon after the Spring Equinox(春分). The festivities were meant for the rebirth of the sun god, but the Babylonians made promises in order to please their gods. They felt this would help them start the new year off well.
Resolutions continued on with the Romans. When the early Roman calendar no longer synced(同步) up with the sun, Julius Caesar decided to make a change. He consulted with the best astronomers and mathematicians of the time and introduced the Julian calendar, which more closely represents the modern calendar we use today. Caesar declared January 1 the first day of the year to honor the god of new beginnings, Janus. The Romans celebrated the New Year by offering sacrifices to Janus.
To this day, the traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans continue around the world. So much that Google launched a Resolution Map in 2013 where people could add resolutions and see others adding theirs in real time. However, no matter how many people participated in Google’s project, the numbers are bleak when it comes to the number of people who maintain their resolutions----only eight percent of people are successful in sticking them out.
1. Why did the ancient Babylonians make promises to their gods?| A．To honor the god of new beginnings. |
| B．To observe the rebirth of the sun god and please him. |
| C．To honor the coming of a new year and satisfy their gods. |
| D．To please their gods and hope for a good start of the year. |
| A．The tradition of making New Year’s resolutions will soon die. |
| B．A lot of people don’t feel like making New Year’s resolutions. |
| C．Julius Caesar made January 1 the first day of a year on his own. |
| D．The history of making New Year’s resolutions is not well known. |
| A．Large. | B．Unpleasant. |
| C．Encouraging. | D．Hopeful. |
| A．How Making New Year’s Resolutions Came Into Being? |
| B．The Ancient Babylonians and the Romans |
| C．The Change of Roman Calendars |
| D．How People Better Themselves |
6 . Time flies, but the tracks of time remain in books and museums. This is what made a recent tragedy in Brazil even more terrible.
On Sept.2, a big fire ripped through the National Museum of Brazil. “ Two hundred years of work, research and knowledge were lost, ” Brazilian President Michel Temer wrote on Twitter after the fire. “It's a sad day for all Brazilians.”
Most of the 20 million pieces of history are believed to have been destroyed. Only as little as 10 percent of the collection may have survived, Time reported. Among all the items, there were Egyptian mummies, the bones of uniquely Brazilian creatures such as the long－necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus, and an 11,500－year－old skull called Luzia, which was considered one of South America's oldest human fossils.
Besides these, Brazil's indigenous(本土的，土著的) knowledge also suffered. The museum housed world－famous collections of indigenous objects, as well as many audio recordings of local languages from all over Brazil. Some of these recordings, now lost, were of languages that are no longer spoken.
“The tragedy this Sunday is a sort of national suicide, a crime against our past and future generations,” Bernard Mello Franco, one of Brazil's best－known columnists, wrote on the O Globo newspaper site.
The cause of the fire is still unknown, as BBC News reported on Sept. 3. After the fire burned out, crowds protested outside the museum to show their anger at the loss of the irreplaceable items of historical value.
According to Emilio Bruna, an ecologist at the University of Florida, museums are living, breathing stores of who we are and where we've come from, and the world around us.
Just as underwater grass floats on the surface if it loses its roots, a nation is lost without its memories. The fire at the National Museum of Brazil teaches the world an important lesson: We should never neglect history.
1. What can be summarized as the main idea of the 3rd and 4th paragraphs?| A．Long history of South America. | B．Remains from the fire. |
| C．Mysteries to be solved. | D．History and knowledge burned up. |
| A．The government is to blame for the tragedy. |
| B．The museum should be rebuilt |
| C．The loss can't be made up for. |
| D．The criminal should be sentenced to death. |
| A．Living stores of our past. | B．Underwater grass. |
| C．The oldest fossils. | D．National suicide. |
| A．Death of a civilization | B．Functions of museums |
| C．Gone with the fire | D．Brazilians' memories |
7 . Grasse has always been associated with smell. In the Middle Ages it smelt particularly unpleasant due to its leather tanning (制革) industry. The nobles only rarely visited the pretty and charming town to pick up their handmade leather gloves. In spite of their grand lands in the surrounding countryside? Grasse was certainly a necessary evil with no self-respecting nobles owning buildings there.
Molinard, a Grasse tanner (制革工人) himself, created the first Grasse perfume. Word spread like wildfire amongst the nobles about the designer perfumed gloves. Molinard offered a pair of his gloves to Catherine de Medici (the Queen), who gave plenty of praise to her Grasse perfumed gloves; she almost assured (确保) Grasse’s reputation as the perfume capital of the world. Thanks to Catherine de Medici, Grasse merchants were encouraged to grow the perfume plants that tanners needed to supply perfumed leather to the nobles.
Grasse has four perfume factories as well as a perfume school and a perfume museum. Fragonard’s perfume museum is situated on the first floor of its perfume factory and displays an amazing private collection of perfume bottles, presentation boxes, documents and equipment that tells the history of perfume making from its earliest beginnings to the present day. The perfume museum is open every day, Sundays and public holidays included.
Grasse is certainly a perfumed heaven, a far cry from its smelly beginning as a leather tanning town. Now famous for a far sweeter smell, Grasse is surrounded by fields of flowers that make real estate (不动产) in Grasse very popular.
Those looking for real estate in France would have to go a long way to find anywhere more charming than Grasse with the city of Nice and its airport just a short drive away and plenty of activities to enjoy in the surrounding countryside. Real estate in Grasse is situated between the Southern Alps and the Cote d’Azur, allowing owners the best of both worlds.
1. Why was Grasse considered to be necessary although it was an evil?| A．Because it produced leather gloves. |
| B．Because it made the nobles look respectable. |
| C．Because many nobles lived in its countryside. |
| D．Because it was a beautiful and attractive town. |
| A．It has several perfume factories. |
| B．It can be visited all the year round. |
| C．It is famous for its perfume school. |
| D．It shows visitors the history of Grasse. |
| A．a good long cry |
| B．totally absent |
| C．very different |
| D．far distant |
| A．Grasse is still less competitive in real estate. |
| B．Grasse is now a perfect place for people to live. |
| C．Grasse is becoming an important tourist attraction. |
| D．Living in Grasse might cause you much inconvenience. |
However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city settlers and the country people. Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast andhas little more than a passing familiarity with the desert. The major cities preserve images of colonial heritage, but on the whole the impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country' s youth. In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative. For many years, Australia was said to have "ridden on the sheep' s back" , a reference to wool being the country' s main money earner. However, it is no longer dominant (主宰的). Much of Australia' s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the world. Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important. Australians are generally friendly and relaxed, with a modest sense of humor.
Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origins. Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, Australia had become a nation of immigrants. Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere. Australia' s liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe. The emphasis has changed in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia. Today Australia is a "mixture of nations" and although some racism exists, it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is reasonably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.
1. What does the writer mean by saying "It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents." in the first paragraph?
| A．Australians speak Standard English with no local accents. |
| B．You have to practice a lot to learn to understand the different accents. |
| C．The Australian regional accents are very difficult to understand indeed. |
| D．There is not much difference between the accents in different areas of Australia. |
| A．Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners. |
| B．The Australian economy counts on sheep exports. |
| C．The pace of life is different in the city and in the country. |
| D．The majority of people living in Australia come from Europe. |
| A．nothing about Australia' s colonial part in modern cities can be seen by visitors |
| B．tourism and wine making resulted in fast development in rural communities only |
| C．immigrants from Europe have brought racial problems |
| D．Australia' s recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia |
| A．society | B．economy |
| C．racial problems | D．history |
