1 . Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.
Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn’t it matter? What about table manners? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should you leave one on your lap, or on the table?
The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. If a dinner invitation is for 7 o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.
The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable, especially if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas (豆) with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.
1. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word?A.礼貌的 | B.可接受的 | C.粗鲁的 | D.拒绝的 |
A.He should find an excuse. | B.He should ask for excuse. |
C.He should say “sorry”. | D.He should telephone to explain his being late. |
A.Social Customs and Behavior | B.Social Life. |
C.American and British Customs. | D.To be on time is Important. |
A.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortable |
B.makes his guests feel excited |
C.tries to avoid being naughty to his guests |
D.tries to avoid being foolish |
A.The guest who ate his peas with a knife. |
B.The other guests who were amused or shocked. |
C.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. |
D.None of the above. |
2 . Shanghai residents (居民) passing through the city’s eastern Huangpu district earlier this month might have discovered an unusual sight a “walking” building.
An 85-year-old primary school has been lifted off the ground in its entirety and relocated using new technology named the “walking” machine.
In the city’s latest effort to protect historic structures, engineers used nearly 200 mobile supports under the five-story building, according to Lan Wuji, chief technical supervisor of the project.
The supports act like robotic legs. They’re split into two groups which in turns rise up and down, like the human step. The sensors (感应器)help control how the building moves forward, said Lan.
In recent years, China’s rapid modernization has seen many historic buildings destroyed to clear land for skyscrapers and office buildings. But there has been growing concern about the architectural heritage (遗产)loss as a result of destruction across the country.
It is true Shanghai has been China’s most progressive city when it comes to heritage preservation. The survival of a number of 1930s buildings in the famous bund district and 19th-century “shikumen”(or “stone gate”) houses in the repaired Xintiandi neighborhood has offered examples of how to give old buildings new life.
The city also has a track record of relocating old buildings. In 2018, the city relocated a 90-year-old building in Hongkou district, which was then considered to be Shanghai’s most complex relocation project to date.
The Lagena Primary School, which weighs 7, 600 tons, faced a new challenge-it’s T-shaped, while previously relocated structures were square or rectangular(长方形的), according to Xinhua.
Experts and technicians met to discuss possibilities and test a number of different technologies before deciding on the “walking machine”, Xinhua said.
1. Why did the 85-year-old primary school have to be moved?A.To make room for modern buildings without destroying it. |
B.To meet the new requirements of the school. |
C.To protect it better as it is a cultural heritage. |
D.To give the old building a new life… |
A.By reducing the weight of it. | B.By using movable supports. |
C.By dividing it into several parts. | D.By using robotic legs. |
A.China’s rapid modernization leads to the architectural heritage loss. |
B.The move of the primary school is the first example of heritage protection. |
C.The different shape of the primary school adds difficulty to its move. |
D.The move of the primary school is Shanghai’s most complex relocation project. |
A.A news report. | B.A science review. |
C.A travel magazine. | D.A geography book. |
3 . The Chinese name system has a long history. Today, there are over 700 different Chinese family names, but as few as twenty cover most of the Chinese family names. Most Chinese family names have only one character, but there are a few with two. Chinese family names are written first, something that often causes confusion among those from countries where the family name usually comes last.
Generally speaking, Chinese given names have one or two characters, and are written after the family names. When a baby was born, parents often give him/her a “milk name” or “little name” such as Xiaobao. The given name is then chosen somewhat later, but the parents may continue to use the nickname. Given names of males are linked with strength and firmness while females with beauty and flowers. Females sometimes have names that repeat a character.
Chinese personal names may also reflect periods of history. For example, many Chinese born during the Cultural Revolution have “revolutionary names”, such as “Guoqiang”, “Dongfeng”, or even “Wenge”!
Chinese married women usually keep their maiden names (娘家姓) as their family names, rather than use the names of their husband, and children usually use their fathers’ family name.
With a limited supply of family names, Chinese depend on using given names to introduce variety in naming. Almost any character with any meaning can be used. However, it is not considered appropriate (合适) to name a child after a famous person and highly impolite after an older member among the family or even distant relatives.
1. From the passage, we know that ________.A.women should change their family names after getting married |
B.children’s nicknames are not used when they grow up |
C.people usually name their children after some famous people |
D.Chinese family names usually have only one character |
A.Chinese family names are written at the beginning before given names |
B.Chinese family names are written at the end of the full names |
C.there are so many Chinese people using the same family name |
D.there are only 700 Chinese names for people to choose from |
A.Some Chinese family names may have two characters. |
B.Only a few characters could be used as given names. |
C.Children don’t like their nicknames given by their parents. |
D.Children can be named after their grand-parents' names. |
The lion dance is one of the most outstanding
The lion
The lion dance requires two highly-trained
In one lion dance, the “lion” moves from place to place looking for some green vegetables, in
Nowadays, the lion dance
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tea has a long history in China, dated back to 5, 000 years ago.
Obvious, it plays a important part in Chinese culture. A good many of distinguished poets and writers had written many masterpieces about the appreciate of tea and the love for it, among them was Lu Yu in the Tang dynasty. He wrote The Classic of Tea, the first book on tea,but he was regarded as the “Tea Saint(圣人)”.
Chinese people take delight in tea-drinking. It served almost everywhere. Whenever guest visit, offering a cup of tea to them is a basic social custom. Tea is part of Chinese people’s daily life.
6 . The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. It's important to have a good understanding of different cultures in order to become a well-rounded person
One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion, and way of a life of a particular group of people.
Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language.
Communicating with people from other countries through email or snail mail is another useful way to become familiar with different cultures.
A.Trying authentic food from a specific cultural group is also a great idea. |
B.The Internet has made it possible to communicate with others from different countries. |
C.Making contact with native speakers of the language allows one to gain firsthand knowledge. |
D.There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. |
E.Stories based on a local culture expose one to a different culture. |
F.One way to develop this appreciation is to try to team about other cultures around the world. |
G.A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs is available. |
China’s Liangzhu Archaeological Site
The site,
The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list