1 . 随着电脑的普及和因特网的发展，上网已经成为生活的一部分。某中学高一（10）班同学就中学生上网的利与弊进行了讨论。请你用英文给某报社写一封信，描述此次讨论的结果。

利	弊
1. 及时了解国内外时事，开阔视野 2. 看电视、听歌、聊天、放松身心 3. 收发邮件又快又省钱	1. 导致上课注意力不集中，影响学习效率 2. 浪费时间和钱 3. 不利于身体健康

注意：
1. 不要逐字逐句翻译；
2. 词数100左右；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor,

With the development of the computer and Internet, surfing the Internet has become a part of our life. Students are no exception. Our class has had a discussion.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Jamie

2 . I realized this spring that I have spent far too much time on the internet this past year, for obvious reasons, I suspect I'm not alone. And just like magic, Suzanne park's Sunny Song will never Be Famous came across my desk, a story about a 17-year old Korean American influencer who ends up in a digital detox (脱瘾) camp. My first reaction was to shrink (退缩), worried about how much of my social media self I would see in this book, and how much relative cure I would undoubtedly require as a result. But Sunny Song is such an amazing character that I was laughing out loud by page 10.

Sunny was literally born an influencer. Thanks to a video of Sunny dancing as a child, “Goggle Girl” became internet famous. She kept up the character as she grew older, obtaining almost 10,000 subscribers to her You Tube channel alone. But disaster strikes when she forgets to turn off the camera one afternoon during a live stream and a brownie ( a cake ) cooking video turns into an unprepared show with Sunny in underwear. The widely spread “Brownie Gate” will result in Sunny's being kicked out from her L A. private school-unless her parents send her to a digital detox camp, under the principal's request.

The customers in the camp are internet addicts ranging from fantasy sports and gaming players to mean girl internet celebrities. Sunny is forced to spend a month in the cornfields of Iowa on this historic family farm among these celebrities with no digital devices whatsoever, except the burner phone she brought secretly in because she's in the running for an influencer competition, and she actually has a shot!

Sunny Song Will never Be Famous was a total joy to read. I appreciate that Park does not approach social media as the enemy in this book, and for that reason I can enthusiastically recommend it to any young folks who are particularly skillful at web. Sunny reminds readers of the power of internet fare, and the consequences if that power isn't used widely.

1. How did the author feel when first seeing the book?

A．Amazed

B．Excited

C．Confident

D．Concerned.

2. Why did Sunny go to the camp?

A．To promote her popular videos,	B．To experience a life as a celebrity,
C．To avoid being removed from her school.	D．To acquire more knowledge about social media.

3. What can we learn about the camp from paragraph 3?

A．People there are physically abused	B．Life there is cut off from the outside.
C．It holds many competitions monthly	D．It is specially designed for internet celebrities.

4. What's the purpose of the text?

A．To review a book.	B．To introduce a great camp,
C．To record an unforgettable experience	D．To stress the advantage of social medin.

3 . The American Academy of Pediatrics has warned about the potential negative effects of social media on young kids and teens. But the same risks may be true for adults. A review study suggests addiction symptoms (症状), such as failure to pay attention to personal life and escapism, appear to be present in some people who use Facebook excessively (过度).

A study also shows when people stop using the Internet, they also go through small but measurable physical effects. Rather than improving health, as frequent interactions (互动) with offline social networks do, the findings show that interacting with Facebook may predict the opposite result for young adults—it may undermine it.

In fact, another study found that social media use is linked to greater feelings of social isolation (隔离), mentally and physically. We fall into the trap of comparing ourselves to others as we check our Facebook pages. The study looked at how we make comparisons with others’ posts, in “upward” or “downward” directions—that is, feeling that we are either worse or better off than our friends. It turned out that both types of comparisons made people feel worse, which is surprising, since in real life, only upward comparisons make people feel bad. But in the social network world, it seems that any kind of comparison is linked to depressive symptoms.

All of this is not to say that there is no benefit of social media—obviously it keeps us connected across great distances, and helps us find people we had lost touch with years ago. But visiting social networks when you have some time to kill is very likely a bad idea. If you are feeling brave, try taking a little break, and see how it goes. And if you are going to keep “using” it, then at least try to use it reasonably.

1. What might researchers think about “using Facebook excessively”?

A．It’s problem behavior.

B．It’s costly and time-consuming.

C．It’s sometimes a solution to social isolation.

D．It’s leading people to become imaginative.

2. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Present.	B．Destroy.
C．Check.	D．Ensure.

3. What’s the finding of the study mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．Social media are being given too much importance.

B．Young Facebook users feel more isolated than their elders.

C．All kinds of comparisons on social media upset people.

D．Downward comparisons link closer to depression than upward ones.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Social media affect people’s mental health.

B．Comparing ourselves with others may lead to depression.

C．Social networks have more advantages than disadvantages.

D．Nowadays people tend to turn to the Internet for satisfaction.

4 . 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填入，使短文意义连贯，注意使用其正确形式

drop out of;       socialize with;       give away;     obsess over;   achieve one's goals; check through;    dream up;     dominate;     turn one's backs on;     chase after

Mark has hundreds of friends online and never stops    1    them, but he still always feels very lonely. As soon as he wakes up in the morning, he    2    all social networking apps,reads his emails and answers text messages. And he will repeat all this over and over again through the day. According to the research, he is not the only person doing this. He always    3    exactly how many followers he has on his account more than his oldest mates. His life    4    by social networking such as    5    the new songs rather than enjoying them.He constantly feels depressed dissatisfied and alone. Although he is hard-wired in, he is more disconnected than ever.

5 . 假定你是李华，你们班最近举行了一场关于网络新闻媒体优缺点的辩论会。某杂志编辑李博士知道情况后，邀请你就此话题向他们投稿，请你给李博士写一封邮件，词数80字左右。
要点如下：1.网络新闻媒体的现状；
2.网络新闻媒体的优缺点；
3.网络新闻媒体的未来发展趋势。
Dear Doctor Li,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . Faster, cheaper, better — technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. But as the 2020s dawn, _______ is in short supply. The new technologies _______ the past decade seem to mess up the things. Social media are better known for invading privacy, spreading fake news. E-commerce is   _______ with underpaying workers and exacerbating inequality. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies.

_______ the technologies expected to dominate the new decade also seem to cast a dark shadow. Artificial intelligence (AI) may well threaten your job. Autonomous cars still do not work, but manage to kill people all the same. Internet giants have changed from talent _______ to outcasts (被排斥者). The New York Times sums up the gloom. “A mood of pessimsim”, it writes, has _______” the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions.”

_______ that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good, have arisen before. In the 1970s the gloom was prompted by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage and the prospect of nuclear immolation. The 1920s witnessed a backlash against cars, which had earlier been seen as a _______ answer to the affliction of horse-drawn vehicles — which filled the streets with noise and dung, and caused congestion and accidents. Similarly, in the 19^th century industrialization was greeted with _______ from socialists, who worried (with good reason) about the displacement of skilled artisans.

However, that pessimism can be ________ .Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be ________ the much more substantial benefits of instant communication and the easy access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap”. Fears that robots will ________ people’s jobs may motivate politicians to tax them, for example, to discourage their use. ________ in the long run countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.

Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. Technology itself has no agency: it is the ________ people make about it that shape the world. Thus the tech-lash is a necessary step in the adoption of important new technologies. At its best, it helps frame how society ________ innovations and imposes rules and policies that limit their destructive potential. Healthy skepticism means that these questions are settled by a broad debate, not by a small group of technologists.

1.

A．challenge

B．imagination

C．optimism

D．innovation

2.

A．dominating

B．featuring

C．spoiling

D．justifying

3.

A．exploited

B．charged

C．loaded

D．threatened

4.

A．Undoubtedly

B．Fortunately

C．Frustratingly

D．Importantly

5.

A．spells

B．rings

C．remedies

D．magnets

6.

A．mirrored

B．replaced

C．intensified

D．proved

7.

A．Concerns

B．Recommendations

C．Expectations

D．Notices

8.

A．unnecessary

B．commonplace

C．impractical

D．miraculous

9.

A．competition

B．reform

C．criticism

D．applause

10.

A．adjusted

B．extended

C．underestimated

D．overdone

11.

A．combined with

B．weighed against

C．substituted for

D．compared to

12.

A．steal

B．facilitate

C．generate

D．assess

13.

A．Likewise

B．Furthermore

C．However

D．Therefore

14.

A．assumptions

B．choices

C．warnings

D．criticisms

15.

A．comes up with

B．comes clean with

C．comes out with

D．comes to terms with

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

It's estimated that two-thirds of people online have had their personal information     1    (steal).

Faced with such a range of     2    (threat), it's easy to focus on technology investment. Firewalls, anti-virus protection and every other kind of technology can be threatened as well. That's not to say that     3    (invest) in IT security isn't important. But the cybersecurity (网络安全) threat needs individuals     4    have skills, talent and experience     5    (bad). Indeed, there will be a global shortfall of 3. 5 million cybersecurity jobs by 2021.

Only with people power can we win the online security war. Here     6    (be) the main reasons and methods.

First of all, it is important to improve the security     7    (aware). Security is becoming important, with organizations starting to understand the big role that individual employees must play.

Secondly, pay attention     8    grassroots education. As we face a significant skill shortage in the future,    9    is of great importance that together we help create the next generation of cyber defenders now.

Thirdly, encouraging skilled staff also matters. Most organizations have concerns about security skills, and two-thirds have trouble     10    (encourage) the security staff they have.

8 . A couple of years ago Brian Arthur, an academic of the Palo Alto Research Centre, made a surprising prediction. In the next two to three decades, Western digital networks would end up performing functions equal to the size of the “real” US economy. Or, to put it another way, if you looked at all the work being done by electronic supply chains, robots, communications systems—and the bar code—then the digital economy would “exceed the physical economy in size”, Arthur wrote, on the basis of productivity and output calculations.

It sounds impressive. But it also raises a crucial question: as those digital networks increase in size, what are flesh-and-blood workers going to do in this future world? Simon Head, an academic who teaches at the University of Oxford and New York University, joined in this debate with a book entitled Mindless: Why Smarter Machines Are Making Dumber Humans.

As the subtitle suggests, Head is extremely pessimistic. He thinks the digital networks keep replacing jobs that used to be performed by the middle classes, throwing them out of work or into thankless, dull ones, as a few groups of skilled managers (or business owners) get wealthier. As a result, income inequality keeps growing and digital systems increasingly influence what we all do, overriding human common sense. This can be seen in the financial sector, Head argues, pointing out that digitization has overtaken many manufacturing companies.

But the real foretaste of the future—and digital hell—is with companies such as Walmart and Amazon, he claims. While the word “Amazon” tends to bring delight to consumers, given its wonderfully efficient shopping experience, people working inside the company’s warehouses live in a world of electronic observation, low wages and physically demanding work. And, of course, the rise of Amazon has also been deeply painful for many independent retailers, suppliers and writers.

On one level, Head’s anger is nothing new. Academics have been writing about the digitization revolution for some time. But what is perhaps most interesting of all about Head’s view is that while he writes from an annoyed viewpoint, even he cannot find any answers.

Unlike those early Luddites who simply destroyed 19th-century weaving machines, Head does not want to ban bar codes. Instead, he wants “higher-paying, higher-skilled jobs, with the digital networks used to supplement (增补) rather than replace employees’ expert knowledge or skill” in a new corporate culture where workers are treated with respect (or at least more attention than those robots). But while he mentions a few “case histories where alternative, employee-friendly cultures have taken root”, he also admits “these are not easily copied elsewhere”.

Thus, he admires “Germany’s culture of codetermination and labour-management partnership”, for example, or “the John Lewis Partnership in the United Kingdom, the employee-owned and the best high-quality retail chain in the country” or “exceptional US companies like Lincoln Electric”. But he also warns that “it would be delusional (妄想的) to think that, in the United States, the area of these alternative work cultures will expand naturally”. The Amazon example is just too strong.

The real problem of invisible digitization is exactly that: the revolution is unseen. Thus, while “the progressive response to the cruelty of 19th-century capitalism was fueled by a growing awareness of what was going on behind factory walls, digital networks are invisible”.

If you want to be cheerful, it is possible to hope that this howl of anger is simply a passing phrase. When millions of people lost their agricultural jobs in earlier centuries, nobody foresaw these labourers would find factory work. But it is also possible to imagine a darker future: as the French economist Thomas Piketty writes in another thought-provoking book, Capital in the Twenty-first Century, it is not clear what could stop this digitization trend—and the growing inequality it causes.

Either way, the key point is this: we have barely begun to understand the full implications of this second, digitized economy. That is a point we all need to consider more deeply. Start, perhaps, on the next occasion when you scan a bar code or place an order on Amazon with ease.

1. Amazon is mentioned to indicate that digital networks __________.

A．make the middle-class workers worse off

B．improve the efficiency of physical workers

C．exercise little influence on traditional retailing

D．bring customers excellent shopping experiences

2. According to Paragraph 6, Head expects digital networks to _________.

A．free people from physical work	B．create an employee-friendly culture
C．assist workers with real skills	D．improve employers’ income and skills

3. How does the author explain the invisibility of digitization?

A．By making a comparison.	B．By giving an example.
C．By confirming a prediction.	D．By challenging an assumption.

4. What’s the author’s attitude toward digitization?

A．Doubtful.	B．Favourable.
C．Negative.	D．Cautious.

9 . Where am I? What am I doing? If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know. My phone and laptop are never out of touching distance, so I'm endlessly checking through all my social networking apps - whether I'm having a coffee, on my way to school, watching TV. . . even when I'm in the shower. I have a never - ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely

I'm not the only person who feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”. I'm a shy person, but I'm wired up (上线) every day, like most of my friends. On the surface, phones bring us closer together. But in reality, my mind is always a million miles away.

I often feel depressed, dissatisfied and alone. Since I spend so much time socializing online, I even become a procrastinator (拖延者) . I keep postponing things that are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way. It's funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.

What is rally worrying is that no one I know, including myself could go cold turkey. I can't even imagine going without social networking for a week - think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss! Alcoholics (酗酒者) who want to quit drinking can avoid drinks, but how do we give up our phones? After all, I need it for my studies because my teachers and classmates need to contact me at any time. So, that's the problem with social networking. We're hard-wired in, but we're more disconnected than ever.

1. The author always uses his phone and laptop to __________ .

A．avoid feeling a sense of loneliness

B．explore ways of enriching his social life

C．follow the updates on his online social network

D．receive help with his addiction to online socializing

2. What is the main problem the author is facing now?

A．He is an alcohol addict	B．He is a poor web chatter
C．He is a mild procrastinator	D．He is a heavy social media user

3. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggests that ________.

A．social media have created many offline problems

B．it's difficult to break away from online socializing

C．people are unwilling to interact face to face anymore

D．the benefits of social networking are too good to miss

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．So Close, Yet So Far

B．The Young Never Felt More Alone

C．Social Networking Worsens Relationships

D．More Social Media, Better Online Socializing

10 . You're just about to check out with your online purchases when you realize that some items have been slipped into your shopping cart. It turns out that you had to uncheck a specific box to avoid these sneaky(鬼鬼祟祟的) charges. You were lucky enough to spot this bit of trickery. However, inattentive or rushed buyers might totally miss the extra charge.

This is just one example of what's called "dark pattern web design". These are user interfaces(界面) and website designs meant to trick you into doing something you didn't really mean to do, such as spending more money, sharing personal data or subscribing to an annoying newsletter. Often, you'll find these dark patterns on shopping sites.

The term "dark pattern" was coined by Harry Brignull. He's an online user experience professional. Brignull says that he first started seeing problems like these around 2009. "I kept noticing these instances of bad design that didn't seem like mistakes," he says. "I kept finding things that were annoying or frustrating, but seemed to be designed on purpose, to benefit the company doing them." So, he started DarkPatterns.org to spread the news about these practices. He hopes that by shedding light on this immoral form of digital profiteering, users will become smarter and companies will be less likely to use it.

It seemed a step in the right direction when in May 2018, the European Union passed the General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR). The idea is that websites must provide very clear notifications(告知)that allow users to opt out of surveillance(监视) and cookie tracking. The result? Companies are actively crafting notifications to cheat people into accepting surveillance instead of rejecting it. U.S. lawmakers are still debating how to build privacy laws that will really work. Until better laws and enforcement are in place, pay close attention to dark patterns on websites so you won't get caught.

1. Under what circumstances can "dark pattern web design" work?

A．Users' bad mood.	B．Users' hotheaded buying.
C．Users' carelessness.	D．Users' lack of specific knowledge.

2. Why did Harry Brignull start DarkPattems.org?

A．To remind companies of the mistakes they made.

B．To give Internet users an insight into dark patterns.

C．To urge companies to improve their website designs.

D．To urge Internet users to keep off shopping online.

3. What can we learn about the General Data Protection Regulation?

A．It is a privacy law.	B．It is well received by consumers.
C．It needs further improvement.	D．It benefits websites.

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A．Should we stay away from shopping online?

B．Are we suffering from “dark pattern" of some websites?

C．How to protect our own interests.

D．Can companies benefit from “dark patterns”?