1 . Smart cities are coming. And you can be sure that hackers (黑客) won’t be very far behind. We’ve already gotten a glimpse of that future, as cities across the globe start to use technology to connect their services and people in ways that were science film just a few years ago. They are using sensors to collect data — such as traffic, garbage collecting, and road conditions —and then using that data to deliver services to more people and more efficiently.

But this rush to become a smart city has a major weakness: The more connected a city is, the easier it is to cyber-attacks. Hackers have, in recent years, effectively held cities hostage through ransom ware (赎金器), sometimes damaging critical systems for months at a time. The damage can cost millions to repair, as Baltimore and Atlanta have discovered.

And this is just the beginning. As cities add connectivity to their streetlights, power grids, dams, transit lines and other services, they are adding more targets that are possible to be hacked. What’s more, as additional information on people is collected, officials worry the result —lots of data could attract nation-states or terrorists who could use the data to launch physical and cyber war.

What cyber security lesson can’t be taught in this hack? For example: Don’t open email attachments from unfamiliar sources; don’t click on unrecognized links; don’t leave sensitive information visible on the walls or surfaces of your office.

But let’s just stick to the most important lesson: The information you share on social media can be used to profile and target you, whether that’s by engineering click bait (点击诱饵) aimed at your particular interests, guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your schedule and travels so that an intruder can access your home or office.

Wednesday, September 18, 2019 THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

1. What did people use to think of smart cities?

A．It was the product of science.	B．It was sure to be popular.
C．It existed in imagination.	D．It improved people’s life.

2. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?

A．Introduce the harm of hackers.

B．Show the danger of a smart city.

C．Add some background information.

D．Summarize the previous paragraphs.

3. What is officials’ attitude to big data?

A．It is convenient to provide service.

B．It is certain to bring about progress.

C．There are actually potential dangers.

D．There’s competition in high technology.

4. What does the underlined word "profile" in Para.5 mean?

A．Describe.

B．Protect.

C．Impress.

D．Fund.

2 . Tom and Fred are talking about the year 2020. “What will our world be like in the year 2020?” “I don't know,” says Fred, “What do you think?” “Well, no one knows, but it's interesting to guess.” “In the year 2020 everyone will carry a pocket computer. The computer will give people the answers to all their problems. We shall all have telephones in our pockets, too, and we'll be able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps we'll be able to see them at the same time.” “A lot of people will live and work under the sea. Perhaps there will be big towns, factories and farms under the sea, too.” “Machines will do most of the work, and so people will have more holidays, perhaps they'll work only two or three days a week. They'll be able to fly to the moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there.” “I'm looking forward to the year 2020. I hope to go to the moon!” “And I hope I'll be able to live under the sea.” says Fred, “Won't that be very interesting? Just like a fish!”

1. Tom and Fred talked about ______.

A．their school life	B．some interesting news
C．their life in the past	D．their life in the future

2. From their talk, we know that ______.

A．only Fred hopes to fly to the moon	B．both of them hope to fly to the moon
C．one of them hopes to fly to the moon	D．neither of them hopes to fly to the moon

3. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned?

A．People will be able to fly to the moon in a spaceship.

B．People will have more holidays.

C．Many people will live and work under the sea.

D．All the factories and farms will be built under the sea.

3 . How do you imagine the future? Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now?____do you think of the future?

People ______ that life will probably be very different in 2050. First of all, larger planes ____, so flying will be very cheap. Solar power(太阳能) will be used in the cars and the cars will be much cleaner and safer. Everyone will have such a car. Robots will be ______ here and there. And space planes will take us around the world ______ two hours. Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer, so they will be very comfortable, we will use the sun ______ our homes. Computers will be changed into very small so they will be very ______. People will do many things on the Internet.

At that time, water will become one of our most ______ problems. In many places, farmers will be in great need of water to ______ fruit and vegetables. By 2050, we will ______ able to help blind and deaf(聋) people see again and hear again. At that time, our life will become better and better.

1.

A．Which

B．How

C．Why

D．What

2.

A．think

B．disagree

C．plan

D．worry

3.

A．is produced

B．will be produced

C．produces

D．was produced

4.

A．seeing

B．seen

C．saw

D．sees

5.

A．in

B．after

C．for

D．at

6.

A．heats

B．to heat

C．heating

D．heated

7.

A．heavy

B．new

C．long

D．light

8.

A．pleasant

B．possible

C．serious

D．interesting

9.

A．sell

B．check

C．buy

D．grow

10.

A．can

B．be

C．could

D．are

4 . The idea of having car, a plane, drone(无人驾驶飞机) parked outside your home may not be as unlikely as it seems.

We are going to have personal air vehicles that are both cars and planes. At least that's Missy Cumming's vision of the future. It's basically the intersection of a drone with a robotic car, so your plane is also your car, but the quick development of technology is that you are actually driving neither.

Drones have a negative image in the media, says Cummings, because they are basically seen as spy cameras. But most people don't realize that when they are on a plane they are effectively travelling on a drone. The fly-by-wire technology that exists on all Airbuses and many crafts of Boeing is the exactly same technology that exists on drones.

The reason why drones are the answer to the future is that we are terrible drivers. Humans have a half-second lag(时滞) in almost any quick response that they need to have. Even a half- second delay can mean the difference between life and death, and computers and automated(自动化的) systems don't have that.

So, our transportation network of the future, both on the ground and in the air，will actually be safer when we turn it over to computers.

There really aren't any technological difficulties to this idea. The biggest difficulties we have in terms of giving up the car are psychological and cultural, but no new technology needs to be developed to have your own personal flying car. What we have to do is to improve production and reduce manufacturing costs.

People should be excited about this: it promises much in terms of safer travel, and people in parts of the world where the road and air networks are poor will be able to get the goods and services.

1. What is the meaning of the underlined word”intersection” in paragraph 2?

A．交叉

B．部分

C．交流

D．结构

2. What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The truth.	B．The difference.
C．The quick response.	D．A half-second delay.

3. What will most probably prevent the popularity of flying cars in the future?

A．Their being expensive.	B．Lacking advanced technology.
C．People's not accepting the idea.	D．People's failing to improve production.

4. What's the best title of the passage?

A．Future Vehicles	B．Future Flying Cars
C．An Answer to the Future	D．Safer Travel

5 . SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY?

This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.In the article, a lot of people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.

On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet.They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18^th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous.It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.

On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.

Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network.My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect.Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．A person died in an accident while driving his brand-new car.

B．The relatives of the victim would never accept the apology.

C．Many people took a negative attitude to this new technology.

D．The company was very concerned about the future of this new technology.

2. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning the Amish in the second paragraph?

A．To persuade us to follow their natural living style.

B．To tell us the Amish prefer a harmonious and peaceful life.

C．To prove people can still live better without new technology.

D．To advocate a simple life with family and community by hard work.

3. According to the third paragraph, which of the following benefits is not talked about?

A．Monitoring people’s physical health.

B．Providing chances in life more easily.

C．Predicting the earthquake and tsunami.

D．Helping people contact each other easily.

4. The underlined word “prospect” in the last paragraph probably means __________.

A．resistance

B．future

C．advance

D．positivity

5. Why did the author decide to write about the passage?

A．The author wanted to praise the advantages of new technology.

B．The author wanted to show his supportive idea of new technology.

C．The author wanted to criticize the disadvantages of new technology.

D．The author wanted to arouse people’s concern about new technology.

6 . The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the earth.Most of it will miss our planet,but two pieces will probably _______ the southern half of the earth.

On 17 July,a piece four kilometers wide enters the earth’s _______ with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destroyed,but the _______ part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of _______.The sea _______ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole.The wall of water,a kilometer high,rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are killed.

Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet_______ in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are _______ off in the Andes Mountains.The shock _______ move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean.The cities of Los Angeles,San Francisco and Tokyo are completely _______ by earthquakes.Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead,and the north won’t be safe for long.Because of the explosions,the sun is ________ by clouds of dust,temperature around the world falls to almost zero.Crops are ruined.The sun won’t be seen again for many years.Wars ________ as countries fight for ________.A year later,no more than 10 million people remain on the earth.

Could it really________?In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the earth.Science shows that the dinosaurs (恐龙) ________ on the earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object.The dinosaurs couldn’t live ________ the cold climate that followed and they died out.Will we meet the same end?

1.

A．attack

B．hit

C．beat

D．damage

2.

A．air

B．environment

C．situation

D．atmosphere

3.

A．rest

B．other

C．remaining

D．half

4.

A．sound

B．light

C．earth

D．air

5.

A．burns

B．destroys

C．harms

D．boils

6.

A．enters

B．comes

C．flies

D．lands

7.

A．sent

B．set

C．caused

D．made

8.

A．rocks

B．waves

C．earth

D．shakes

9.

A．hurt

B．changed

C．ruined

D．injured

10.

A．colored

B．hidden

C．polluted

D．shut

11.

A．come out

B．erupt

C．take place

D．break out

12.

A．water

B．money

C．food

D．the earth

13.

A．be true

B．happen

C．hit the earth

D．destroy the world

14.

A．have been

B．had been

C．were

D．would be

15.

A．for

B．through

C．with

D．on

7 . 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
1. What was the news about?

A．It’s about the space station.

B．It’s about the space.

C．It’s about the astronauts.

2. Why is the man interested in such news?

A．Because he hopes to go to the moon.

B．Because he is an astronaut.

C．Because he wants to do research in space.

8 . You are just waking up in the spring of 2030. Your Internet of Things bedroom opens solar powered e-windows and plays gentle music while your smart lighting displays a montage (剪辑的)of beachfront sunrises from your recent vacation.

Your shower uses very little water or soap. It recycles your grey water and puts the extra heat back into your home's operating system. While you dress, your artificial intelligence (Al) assistant shares your schedule for the day and plays your favorite tunes.

You still start your day with a coffee but it comes from your lot refrigerator which is capable of providing a coffeehouse experience in your home. A hot breakfast tailored to your specific nutritional needs (based on chemical analysis from your trips to the “smart toilet” is waiting for you in the kitchen.

When it's time to leave, an on-demand transport system has three cars waiting for you, your wife (or husband) and your kids. On the road, driverless cars and trucks move with mathematical accuracy, without traffic jams, routine maintenance or road rage. Accident rates are near zero.

On the way, you call your R&D team, who are enveloping a day's work in Shanghai. Your life-sized image is projected (投射)into the China Innovation Centre and your colleagues see you as if you were sitting in the room. It’s a bit surreal for them to see you in the morning light given that it's dark on the Bund, Shanghai's waterfront, though the novelty disappears after a few uses.

You review the day's cloud-based data from your Shenzhen manufacturing center, your pilot project in San Diego, and your QA team in Melbourne. The large amounts of datasets were collected in real-time from every piece of equipment and have been beautifully summarized by your company's AL All these facilities are closely maintained and operated through a advanced predictive analytics platform.

Pleased with the team's progress, you end the call and ease into a good book.

This is the future and it will be here sooner than you think.

1. How can we describe the life in the future?

A．Artificial

B．Accurate

C．Remarkable

D．Intelligent

2. What can we do in the year 2030 according to the passage?

A．We can have a bath without using water.

B．We can drive to work without concerning any accidents.

C．We can enjoy the coffeehouse experience without going there.

D．We can deal with all our work at home without turning to others for help.

3. How does the author develop the passage?

A．In time order.	B．In logical order.
C．By comparing.	D．By offering examples.

4. What's the purpose of writing the passage?

A．To attract us to use the Al system.

B．To introduce the life in the future.

C．To teach us how to use the Al system.

D．To encourage us to study hard for the future.

9 . What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased?

This ability would allow us to witness historic wonders, change decisions and   see people from the past. We could right wrongs and stop wars from starting.

The mysterious puzzle of time has kept people debating its nature for hundreds of years. Science fiction writers have turned it into imaginative stories. Some scientists have even attempted to explain it using math. This math tries to make the dream of time travel come true.

The scientist Albert Einstein said that time and space are one thing. He called it “spacetime.” Einstein said that there are three dimensions in space: height, width and depth. A scientist named Hermann Minkowski added time as a fourth dimension.

Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel. The first is relativity. The idea of relativity is that the force of gravity causes space to bend, which causes time to twist. The second idea focuses on special relativity. The idea is that a traveler moving super-fast through flat spacetime will enter the future. Einstein considered time “relative” because it is measured based on where we are on Earth or in space.

Stephen Hawking is a famous scientist. He believes that a time machine will never be built. If it were possible, he thinks we would already know. If a time   machine could be built, how come no one from the future has invaded us?

The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881. Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel, in which some tools such as phones, watches, photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward.

Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.

1. What is the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph?

A．To show time and space are connected.

B．To show people’s interest in time travel.

C．To draw readers’ attention to time travel.

D．To make people believe time travel is possible.

2. Which of the following statement could Einstein agree with?

A．Time travel is possible in the future.

B．People can’t move faster than light.

C．Time travel is against scientific rules.

D．Spacetime is not a real thing in theory.

3. What is the last but one paragraph mainly about?

A．The first science fiction story.

B．Some tools used in time travel.

C．Edward P. Mitchell, the pioneer.

D．Different works about time travel.

4. What is the writer’s attitude toward time travel?

A．cautious.	B．pessimistic
C．sceptical	D．optimistic.

10 . All the efforts you put into studying at university may not have been enough—because robots could be coming for your job. A new study finds that as many as 800 million workers could be replaced by robots by 2030.

The study from the McKinsey Global Institute estimates that between 400 million and 800 million individuals could be replaced by automation(自动化) or robots and need to find new jobs by 2030 around the world. It estimates that 30 percent of the hours people spend on working globally could have been automated by that time.

Those most affected will be people who work in predictable environments doing tasks such as operating machines and preparing fast food. Those who make a living by collecting and processing data also face a high risk of being replaced by robots. But people who work in less predictable environments such as gardeners, plumbers, and childcare staff face a smaller risk, because their roles are technically difficult to be automated and often command relatively lower wages, which makes automation a less attractive business proposition(商业提议).

However, it’s not all doom for the future of employment. The Study notes that automation sometimes allows workers to remain employed in a different position. “Even when some tasks are automated, the employment rate in those occupations may not decline because workers may perform new tasks,” McKinsey &Company wrote in a release on its website.

It noted that China has the largest number of employees who would need to switch occupations, up to 100 million if automation was adopted rapidly, or 12 percent of the 2030 workforce. The numbers are higher in more advanced economies, with up to one-third of the 2030 workforce in America and Germany needing to switch occupations, along with nearly half of the 2030 workforce in Japan. Countries which fail to prepare workers for transition to new jobs will feel the impact of a rise in unemployment and depressed wages, according to the study.

1. Why will lots of people need to find new jobs by 2030 around the world?

A．They don’t put efforts into their study at university.

B．The world’s working population is on the steady rise.

C．They will be paid less with the development of technology.

D．Robots or automation will take the place of their positions.

2. Which will be the least likely to be replaced by robots?

A．Machine operation.	B．Fast food cooking.
C．Childcare in kindergarten.	D．Data collection.

3. What is the study’s statement about jobs’ being replaced by robots mainly based on?

A．Estimated figures.	B．Public opinions.
C．Financial reports.	D．Website contents.

4. Which part does the article belong to?

A．Education.

B．Business.

C．Lifestyle.

D．Technology.