1 . The village of Okere Mom-Kok was destroyed during the Ugandan Civil War in the 1980s. Now, pupils at the early childhood centre are noisily having a break, and a market is coming to life, as is local beer making, in what has become known as Okere City.
Okere City began in 2019.It has a school, a clinic, and a community hall that also serves as a nightclub.Electricity and clean water are available to everyone.
Ojok Okello started the project of Okere City with an investment(投资) from his own pocket to change the destroyed village of 4,000 people.The development expert had worked for several charities but grew sad seeing projects fail because communities weren’t involved in decisions about their own future.When he returned to Okere Mom-Kok to visit relatives, he decided to create a project that was truly led by the people who lived there.
Okere now produces income.Every project, from the school to the local bar, can fund itself, something that has been possible because the project is being built not as a charity, but as a social enterprise(事业), Okello says.
This year, after local people said they needed a way to make money, Okello began to experiment with processing shea nuts(加工乳木果), which locals collect and turn into butter for cooking.Soon, Okere Shea Butter arrived on the market.
Okello says the thought came to him when watching the movie Black Panther, as he sat under a shea tree one afternoon.“I realised that we have this important natural resource and we were not using it,” Okello says.“I thought, in the movie Wakanda and Black Panther had vibranium and this shea tree could be our vibranium.So I invest everything within my means into it.”
Once a week an investment club meets in the community hall.Member’s dues(会费) are carefully recorded before being offered as loans(贷款) to members who need them.When borrowers repay the loan, the cycle continues.
“This style of banking plays a big role because it’s uniquely African,” Okello says.“It’s been about community, patience, and long-term investment.”
1. What is the village of Okere Mom-Kok like now?A.It’s lively. | B.It’s a wasteland. |
C.It’s in poor condition. | D.It’s a tourist attraction. |
A.It was built as a charity. |
B.It was created by poor villagers. |
C.It has cost little money up to now. |
D.It includes the community in decision-making. |
A.Making shea butter. |
B.Protecting shea trees. |
C.Directing a film about shea trees. |
D.Attracting investment in shea nuts. |
A.It is important to local people. |
B.It will take a long time to improve. |
C.It will be used in other communities. |
D.It mainly encourages short-term investment. |
A.Okere City was rebuilt successfully due to several charities started by Ojok Okello. |
B.A nightclub lies in the community hall of the Okere City now. |
C.Pupils at the early childhood centre find it hard to have a break because the environment it noisy. |
D.Ojok Okello made full use of vibranium as Wakanda and Black Panther did. |
2 . If you could travel in time, where would you go? Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare's play in Elizabethan England? What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period? Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.
The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895 . It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible? Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called "wormholes", which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship-going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple .
Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time?
And would you really like to visit the future? In H. G. Wells' book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles (触角).
If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
1. The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show________.A.the long history of time travel |
B.the contribution of H.G. Wells |
C.the story's different features |
D.people's interest in time travel |
A.The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels. |
B.There are films, comic books and dramas adapted from the novel The Time Machine. |
C.Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago. |
D.It was H.G. Wells who invented the term "time machine". |
A.suggest the possibility of time travel |
B.have been proved wrong by some time travelers |
C.have similarities because both are based on experiments |
D.have pushed the invention of the first spaceship |
A.the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness |
B.the grandfather's death makes the traveler's birth impossible |
C.the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather |
D.the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather |
A.Unclear. | B.Supportive. | C.Doubtful. | D.Unconcerned. |
In real life, we usually forget
A smart home is one that
4 . From self-driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.
"The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces," said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.
A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.
The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.
But the report states: "Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs-just changing what people do." Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.
"The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the sped and technological know—how will directly challenge big companies," it states.
A report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists' pictured "a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create," according to Aaron Smith, the report's co-author.
"Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people, there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change," Microsoft's Jonathan Grudin told researchers.
1. We can infer from the text that in the futureA.people will face many difficulties | B.people will take up more creative jobs |
C.artificial intelligence will threaten people's lives | D.most jobs will be done in traditional workplaces |
A.people won't necessarily lose jobs |
B.big companies will face fewer challenges |
C.small companies will win against big companies |
D.most people will become interested in technology |
A.Mixed. | B.Worried. | C.Optimistic. | D.Doubtful. |
A.there will be enough jobs for people | B.things will change a lot in a few years |
C.many people will become unemployed | D.technology will totally change future jobs |
A.Are People Losing Their Jobs? | B.The Requirements for Future Life |
C.The Challenging Life in the Future | D.Does Technology Simplify Everything |
5 . 2050 seems a long way away, but it is not impossible to predict the future though. With the speed we are moving now so many amazing things are going to happen in the future.
·The Internet will be free for everyone.
The Internet is really a key driver these days.
·
With the increasing population, it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. There will be much heavier traffic on the road. So in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people.
Of course, there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes.
·Most cancers will be treated successfully.
·Humans will live on other planets.
There will be great achievements in space research.
We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth-like planet.
A.But it is not free for everyone yet. |
B.So where is technology going in the future? |
C.The world's population will cross 9.6 billion. |
D.What do you think of my predictions of 2050? |
E.In the year 2050, humans will be able to live on Mars. |
F.Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys. |
G.The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced. |
These disasters
Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us
Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a
Roderick: May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are?
Henry: Well, I can’t say that 1 have any plans.
3rd Clerk:(trying not to show he's angry) I suppose a gentleman like you only caries very large bills.
Henry: Now, you
3rd Clerk: It’s no trouble at all.
Henry:
7 . It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the ‘decline of class’ and ‘classless society’ in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class. But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.
One unchanging aspect of a British person’s class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice. Most people said this accent sounded ‘educated’ and ‘soft’. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional (地区的) city accents. These accents were seen as ‘common’ and ‘ugly’. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.
In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song ‘Common People’ puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may ‘want to live like common people’ they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.
1. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________.A.it is time to end class distinction. |
B.most people belong to middle class. |
C.it is easy to recognize a person’s class. |
D.people regard themselves socially different. |
A.variety | B.division | C.authority | D.qualification |
A.original | B.educated | C.prejudiced | D.unattractive. |
A.The middle class is expanding. |
B.A person’s accent reflects his class. |
C.Class is a key part of British society. |
D.Each class has unique characteristics. |
8 . It is possible that interstellar(星际的)space explorers could face problems communicating with all the arrivals, their spoken language having changed in isolation(与世隔绝)along the way.
Therefore, a new paper by two American scholars Andrew McKenzie and Jeffrey Punske recommends that such crews include members with knowledge of what is likely to occur and how to adapt. They co-authored the article “Language Development During Interstellar Travel”, in which they discuss the concept of language change over time.
In a recent interview, McKenzie gamed it out.
“If you’ re on a spaceship for 10 generations; new concepts will emerge, new social issues will come up, and people will create ways of talking about them,” McKenzie said, and these will become the vocabulary particular to the ship. People on Earth might never know about these words. And the further away you get, the less you’re going lo talk to people back home.
So if we have Earth English and spaceship English, you will have to learn a little Earth English to send messages back, or to read the information that came with the spaceship.
“Also, keep in mind that the language back on Earth is going to change, too. So they may well be communicating like we’d be using Latin-communicating with this version of the language nobody uses.”
The authors also point out that an adaptation in the form of sign language will be needed for use with and among crew members who, genetics tell us,are sure to be born deaf.
“Every new spaceship will essentially offload linguistic(语言学)immigrants to a foreign land. Given the certainly that issues such as whether they will be discriminated will arise, and the uncertainty of exactly how they will progress, we strongly suggest that any crew exhibit strong levels of linguistic training in addition to simply knowing the required languages. There will be need for an informed linguistic policy on board that can be maintained without referring back to Earth-based regulations.”
If a study of the linguistic changes aboard ship could be performed, it would “add to its scientific value,” McKenzie and Punske conclude.
1. What does the underlined phrase “game it out” mean?A.Offer a new concept. | B.Make a further study. |
C.Give a detailed explanation. | D.Lose the game completely. |
A.They will forget Earth English. | B.They will be using sign language. |
C.They may have their own language system. | D.They may make adaptations to Earth English. |
A.Through Earth-based linguistic policy. | B.Through adequate language training. |
C.By knowing the required language. | D.By referring to informed rules. |
A.Why space travelers change their language. |
B.How language is changed in the future time. |
C.The language challenge during interstellar travel. |
D.New concepts of language created in a spaceship. |
9 . The sea could be the food bowl of the future. In Jervis Bay, south of Sydney, seaweed, which is rich in fibre and omega 3, is grown and harvested.
Pia Winberg is a marine scientist who runs Australia's first food-grade fanned seaweed company. Her crop is grown alongside mussels (贻贝)and is used as an additive in pasta (意大利面)and other products.
Seaweed is also raised in large tanks, where it absorbs carbon dioxide waste from a wheat processing factory. The business is small, but could help to reduce the ecological footprint of traditional farming.
“We used ten percent of seaweed instead of wheat in breads and pastas, we've eliminated a million hectares of land, we've eliminated all of the carbon dioxide emissions associated with that, and we've also reduced the pressures on very precious fresh water.” said Pia Winberg.
Spiny sea urchins (多刺海胆虫)are another blue economy resource. They can destroy marine habitats, but a recent competition for environmental start-ups in Australia, saw them not as a pest but a delicacy (美味).
Martina Doblin, CEO of Sydney Institute of Marine Science, said, “By 2050 we will have some ten billion people on the planet, and about half the food they eat will come from the ocean. So, we really do need to pay attention to the way that we manage the blue economy-generating wealth from the ocean but in a sustainable (可持续的)way.”
Farming at sea has its challenges. Infrastructure (基础设施)has to be sound, as do supply chains and biosecurity. But get these things right, and the ocean might just be the next great economic frontier.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To lead to the main topic. |
B.To describe a new kind of seaweed. |
C.Tell how important the food safety is. |
D.To explain the meaning of blue economy. |
A.Ocean exploration has made little progress so far. |
B.More and more people will die of hunger in the future. |
C.More work is needed for a better use of the natural resources. |
D.Sea farming will be a good way to solve the coming world food problem. |
A.Skeptical. | B.Objective. | C.Tolerant. | D.Negative. |
A.How to Protect the Marine Animals |
B.Measures to Develop Blue Economy |
C.Farming the Sea for the Future of Food |
D.Traditional Farming is Gradually Disappearing |
10 . In the near future, IOT (Internet of Things) will drive huge innovation (革新)in the way our food is grown. Plants will have a "voice", not a human voice, but a voice based on data that can tell people, computers, and machines when, for example, they are thirsty, or need more sun, medicine, etc.
Take vertical (垂直的)farms, for example. Farming is moving indoors where the growth of plants can be monitored and controlled. The facilities are built vertically, so growing areas can be put in piles. This greatly reduces the amount of land needed for farming.
From an IOT point of view, vertical farms are connected in two ways. First, small sensors (传 感器)in the soil or connected to plants tell a control system exactly how much light, water, and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops. Sensors will also tell vertical fanners when crops are nearing their peak for harvesting at just the right time to make sure it's still fresh when it reaches its final destination.
Second , vertical farms will be connected to other networks and information systems, including databases that track local demand. For example local restaurants may input when they need fresh food supplies. And vertical farmers could get that information so they know which crops to grow in what quantities. This type of IOT system would have been unimaginable a generation ago.
Today, vertical farms are being experimented. Yet, the numbers point to a bright future for the industry especially as the world's population continues to grow. For example, Green Sense Farms in Chicago is able to harvest crops 26 times a year using 85 percent less energy, one-tenth the water, and no pesticides. A side benefit of lower energy use is lower C02 output of two tons per month, with the added benefit of creating 46 pounds of oxygen every day.
1. What is the main idea of the text?A.Voice machines help plants speak up. |
B.Farmers are all turning to vertical farming. |
C.IOT has brought great innovation to our future life. |
D.Vertical farms driven by IOT are a future for agriculture. |
A.By recording farmers harvesting crops. |
B.By monitoring farmers working in their fields. |
C.By analyzing information to preserve crops. |
D.By passing information on to a control system. |
A.Expand the output of crops. | B.Match supply with demand. |
C.Determine the needs of farmers. | D.Move restaurants onto farms. |
A.Negative. | B.Unconcerned. |
C.Hopeful. | D.Doubtful. |