1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever wondered what life is like in a smart city? Well, when you go to a certain shopping mall now, you can enjoy     1    (it) free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen     2     the basic parts of a smart city.

The idea of a smart city     3    (bring) up by the US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a mart city is a city     4     uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve the     5    (manage) of the city, save money and resources, and make our life     6    (easy) and more convenient.

In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US.     7    (use) a smart system, people were able to make better use of their resources, like water, electricity and     8    (nature) gas. This way, they helped reduce waste.

Santander in Spain also gives us     9     look at the future. The government provides an app that collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Open the app near a supermarket,     10     you’ll find immediate information on special offers.

3 . Your options for an ego - friendly home may seem somewhat limited now—solar panels, rain barrels, and maybe a small garden—but as the world of green technology advanced, there is a rise in the number of smart, ego-friendly home improvements. Some of them are available now.     1     Read on to see how you can improve your home now.

A home thermos tat (恒温器) can automatically adjust the temperature for you, making sure your house is warm when you get home and reducing energy waste during the day. For example, a thermos tat called Nest Learning Thermos tat learns your heating and cooling preference and automatically adjusts itself.     2     , without ever having to remember to adjust the I temperature.

Years ago, recycling paper and plastic was the most you could do to save resource.     3     recycling everything from Christmas lights to wine corks (瓶塞). And where do the post-recycling-process materials end up? Back in your home, in the form of recycled-paper counter tops (台面) and recycled plastic carpets, to name a few.

    4     . But if you're ready to take your heating, cooling and electricity system into the future, then you'll want to start with alternative new energy source, like solar panels or wind power. Solar panels are additions you can make to your own house, but if you don't have the time or money, you can also choose alternative energy sources through your regular supplier.

In 2009, The Wall Street Journal asked four architectural firms to imagine the future of green homes.     5     They designed what they call the “Incredible Edible House”, covered in green in the form of plants and gardens that provide food for the home owners, absorb heat to keep the interior cool, and are watered from a rooftop that catches rain.

A．There are quite a lot of benefits of green homes.

B．Others, like walls made of gardens, are a bit more futuristic

C．Traditional energy sources are still the norm in most houses

D．Nest users have saved 29 million in energy in less than two years

E．It will depend on the type of heating and cooling system in your home

F．Now, recycling factories have gone way beyond the traditional materials

G．And one of the groups, Rios Clementi Hale Studios, undertook the project

4 . For years, planet-hunters have been searching for a planet other than Earth that can support life. They may have found one.

The planet is the sixth found orbiting a star called Gliese 581. Steven Vogt, one of the scientists involved, expects the new planet to have water. On Earth, when we find water, we find life.     1    

A planet that can support life has to be just the right size for its system and just the right distance from its star. Some planets orbit so close to their stars that they’re much too hot for liquid water—or for life as we know it.     2    

But a right-sized planet that's neither too close nor too far might be just right for water. Gliese 581 is probably just right. It is about three times as huge as Earth.     3     Because it’s so close, one side of it always faces its star, and the other side is always dark.

The new planet is 20 light years away, which is as far as 250 million trips to the Moon and back.     4     Only light can go that fast. So even at the fastest speed we could manage, it would take a spaceship from Earth more than 200 years to go that far.     5     But that doesn’t mean we can’t study it. Thanks to powerful new telescopes and new techniques for searching the skies, scientists can learn a lot about distant planets without even leaving Earth.

Gliese 581 is an exciting discovery—and astronomers are likely to find more soon, thanks to new, powerful telescopes specifically designed to look for planets.

A．We can’t travel at the speed of light.

B．It’s pretty hard to imagine that water wouldn't be there.

C．Human beings won’t be visiting this planet any time soon.

D．So scientists looking for life on other planets look for water first.

E．It orbits its star so closely that it goes all the way around in only 37 days.

F．Astronomers will probably find more potential life-supporting planets soon.

G．Other planets keep their distance from the stars—where they’re too cold to have water or life.

5 . How Will We Live in 2045?

Welcome to life in the future! You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.

You've recently had a new anti-aging treatment, so you look like a 30-year-old. And many people your age could live to be 120 now, so-at 60-you're not old at all.

    1     Nanotechnology can help cure many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhealthy, you can “grow” a new one in a laboratory.

As you get dressed, you say to your shirt, “Turn red.” It becomes red.    2     So you can program clothes to change colors or patterns.

On the way to the kitchen, you want to call a friend. Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy from the sun.     3     You can just touch your jacket sleeve to make the call.

It's breakfast time. You reach for the milk, but a voice says, “Don't drink that!” Your fridge knows the milk is old, and tells the supermarket to send some fresh milk.    4    .

As you leave for work, the lights turn off by themselves. Your home goes into “Sleep” mode to save energy. In 2045, cars drive themselves, so you just tell your driverless car where you want to go.

    5     Perhaps the future is much closer than we think.

A．Ten minutes later, it's delivered by a drone (无人机).

B．The milk has sensors telling when it is sour.

C．Science has also found amazing ways to keep people healthy.

D．But you don't need to pick up the phone.

E．Will all this come true?

F．In 2045, “smart” clothes contain nanoparticles that carry electricity.

G．The future is more than 25 years away from now.

7 . Residents of Xiazhuang, Chongqing, used to risk their lives whenever they ventured out of the mountain village. Mao Xianglin, one leader of the village, ______ building a road.

Before the road was built, it usually took the villagers more than a full day to______ the outside world. Now it only needs a one-hour drive.

One resident recalled once when he stood on the edge of the cliff （悬崖）,he was so ______ that his legs were shaking, as stones fell off the mountain. They met masses of challenges in the course of the road ______. Mao asked the villagers whether they should ______ or not.

They all said yes. Mao was ______ and said even though it might take them several years to build, they must finish the road. It's more than a road, and it's a route to overcome _______

The villagers had been planting potatoes and com, earning ______ incomes. Mao introduced lacquer trees, but they died due to the ______ climate. He then tried ______ goats and silkworms, but they failed, too.

"I am not educated, and my ignorance ______ the village's economy,“ Mao said when ______his mistakes at a public meeting in the village. Later he invited ______ experts. About 100 migrant villagers came back to plant fruit, and young people returned to sell agricultural ______ through live-streaming.

In 2019, the per capita （人均） ______ of villagers reached 12,670 yuan （$1,960）, 40 times more than in the 1990s, the local government said.

Not believing in fate, he is the Foolish Old Man, who removed the mountains.

1.

A．plotted

B．opposed

C．suggested

D．countered

2.

A．leave

B．understand

C．access

D．escape

3.

A．excited

B．frightened

C．relieved

D．depressed

4.

A．construction

B．improvement

C．condition

D．decoration

5.

A．quit

B．reject

C．reform

D．continue

6.

A．touched

B．transformed

C．trapped

D．tricked

7.

A．panic

B．poverty

C．difficulty

D．laziness

8.

A．large

B．high

C．extra

D．low

9.

A．terrible

B．good

C．unfavorable

D．normal

10.

A．raising

B．buying

C．trading

D．getting

11.

A．looked back

B．held back

C．paid back

D．turned back

12.

A．correcting

B．realizing

C．making

D．reviewing

13.

A．architectural

B．industrial

C．agricultural

D．chemical

14.

A．interests

B．categories

C．profits

D．products

15.

A．budget

B．income

C．consumption

D．cash

9 . One of the classic science-fiction treatments of the end of civilization was The Death of Grass, by John Christopher, in which a mysterious sickness struck down all the grasses on which most of the world's agriculture is based, from rice to wheat. Tn the end, politics among the survivors of disease, war and famine were reduced to bitter fratricidal struggle over a defensible potato patch. Like most of the so-called ''comfortable disaster" novels, this could be criticized for optimism. Depressing as a future of famine and the war of all against all might seem,   the consequences were largely limited to humans.

However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That's just the start. Other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It's a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years' time, and all of them in a century — though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.

The chief driver of this disaster is unchecked human greed. I spite our individual and even collective cleverness, we behave as a species with as little foresight as a colony of nematode worms that will consume everything that it can reach until all is gone and it dies off naturally. The challenge of behaving more intelligently than creatures that have no brain at all will not be easy. But unlike the nematodes, we know what to do. The UN convention on biodiversity was signed in 1992, alongside the convention on climate change. Giving it the strength to hold back our appetites is now urgent. Biodiversity is not an optional extra. It is the web that holds all life, including human life.

The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lack of shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, is fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of forming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture are flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been sleep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.

1. Which of the following statements about The Death of Grass is true?

A．It holds an optimistic attitude towards famine in the future.

B．It understates the severity of the disaster facing the world.

C．It gives a vivid account of the most serious famine in history.

D．It demonstrates how evil human nature turns out to be.

2. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the most recent study in order to________.

A．prove that the prediction about the great disaster makes sense

B．show how soon the insects worldwide will go extinct

C．argue for the necessity to protect insect populations

D．suggest a possible approach to increasing insect biomass

3. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Humans are similar to nematode in that both of them lack foresight.

B．We haven't done enough about maintaining biodiversity.

C．Modem farming is to blame for the threatened extinction of insects.

D．Germany sets a good example by minimizing the use of pesticides.

4. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?

A．How industrial agriculture brings about apocalypse.

B．What influence pesticides may have on people's lives.

C．Why insect populations in Germany are on the decline.

D．Where unchecked human greed can also by spotted.