1. What did NASA call the area?
A.The Light of Venezuela. |
B.The Lightning Capital of the World. |
C.The Never-ending Storm of Catatumbo. |
A.The warm ocean current. |
B.The strong mountain winds. |
C.The special geographical location. |
A.About 12%. | B.About 30%. | C.About 70%. |
A.The man is afraid of lightening very much. |
B.The locals are surprisingly fearless of lighting. |
C.About 12,000 American people get hit in their lifetime. |
A.A food shop. | B.A terrible picnic. | C.Tomorrow’s weather. |
As the world’s longest man-made canal, the Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in the north-eastern and central-eastern plains of China,
The Grand Canal is a magnificent hydraulic (水利) project in human history.
The Grand Canal represents the
4 . Most animals are active around people, which makes observing them in the wild a challenging effort for researchers. The issue is worsened with naturally shy creatures like emperor penguins (企鹅), who show signs of physical sorrow in front of humans.
The French scientist Le Maho and his team began a project to test if sending tiny robots to collect the required information would affect the penguins as harmfully. They began by fitting 34 emperor penguins with outside heart rate monitors, which could be read from a distance of 60 centimeters. They then sent a simple, four wheeled robot into a place of hatching penguins that were stationary because they were using their legs to protect eggs.
Though the penguins were a little alarmed and even cried, they did allow the robot to read their heart monitors. Even more encouraging was the fact that as soon as the robot stopped moving, the penguins' heart rates returned to normal, much more rapidly than when humans entered the place.
However, for the extremely shy emperor penguins it was still too disturbing. After some discussions, their first attempt failed terribly. Fortunately, the scientists decided to try to cover the robot as a penguin chick for Le Maho's team, a British production company working on a news film, and it was also trying getting into the penguin place using secret cameras. The two worked together to create a lovely chick robot that the emperor penguins immediately considered as one of their own.
Covered in soft fuzz (绒毛) just like a real baby emperor penguin, it is so believable that the chicks gather around it, just as they do with each other. The penguins not only accept the robot, but they even sing to it, and appear a little disappointed when the “chick” doesn't respond—an error the scientists plan to correct with the next group of robot penguins. Not surprisingly, the penguins show almost no stress as the lovely “spy” walks around the place, gathering all kinds of information about their day-to-day lives.
1. Once humans approach emperor penguins, they tend to .A.show their shyness | B.feel disturbed and sad |
C.take action more actively | D.dive into the sea right away |
A.Still. | B.Strong. | C.Hungry. | D.Dynamic. |
A.It has two creative working teams. |
B.It has made less errors in gathering information. |
C.It is more believable to get close to the real penguins. |
D.It is more capable of communicating with the real penguins. |
A.Fix new heart monitors to get accurate heart rates. |
B.Develop their audio system and get them to sing. |
C.Change their looks and make them look more lovely. |
D.Improve the technique to restore their communicative function. |
The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er gained the World Heritage Site status at the 45th session of the World Heritage Committee,
The
The committee said the cultural landscape is an outstanding example of a sustainable land-use system
Chen Yaohua, director of Peking University’s World Heritage Research Center, said the tea growing technique on the Jingmai Mountain is quite unique, particularly these years
The local government of Pu’er and the Yunnan provincial authorities have released three laws and seven regulations focusing
1.为什么需要关爱宠物;
2.如何关爱宠物。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Care for Our Pets
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7 . Whenever I order food for delivery, I play a little game to guess how many sets of tableware(餐具)the restaurant will provide with my meal. Sometimes restaurants will throw in two, three or four sets for just one order. But I rarely need any tableware at all, and the waste goes into the trash or collects dust in a kitchen drawer.
Researchers working with Chinese technology group Alibaba tried a simple approach to this problem. Instead of just wastefully doling out tableware, the company required food-delivery customers in some cities in China to pick how many sets of tableware they wanted to receive.The default (默认设置)was set at zero. The result, published today in the journal Science, was a 638% increase in the share of no-tableware orders. If applied across China, researchers found, the approach would save nearly 22 billion sets of plastic tableware. The study doesn’t cover carbon emissions, but it’s safe to say that the impact would be significant. It struck me as a useful reminder of the many low-hanging fruits across the economy that can cut waste, and emissions.
Nudging its customers cost Alibaba nothing more than a few hours of software engineering time and the impact it brought was immense. The concept of nudging comes from the field of behavioral economics known as nudge theory. It suggests that a slight action can encourage good human behavior without the need for policies that limit choice or economic punishment that raises the cost of bad behavior. To nudge customers to eat better, for example, a restaurant might organize its menu by listing healthy options first and bury unhealthy ones at the bottom. More recently, some big companies like Google have also begun to use nudges to advance climate objectives.
Behavioral economics broadly, and nudges more specifically, aren’t without controversy. Some might think it assigns consumers responsibility for addressing environmental challenges. But there is another way to look at it. In the absence of necessary policy—and policy is needed一companies can help encourage a widespread shift of consumer behavior.
And all of that behavioral change can add up. The International Energy Agency found in 2021 that small behavioral changes in energy consumption such as walking instead of driving and adjusting the thermostat could in total shave off 4% of global emissions. The more that companies can do to facilitate such changes, the better.
1. What did Alibaba do with tableware waste?A.It stopped restaurants from handing out tableware. |
B.It withdrew unused tableware from customers. |
C.It updated the food -delivery device regularly. |
D.It allowed picking tableware at customers’ demand. |
A.Easily accessible things. | B.Fast increasing orders. |
C.Exceptionally tough choices. | D.Widely accepted strategies. |
A.It brings about economic loss. |
B.It results from consumption policies. |
C.It indicates small action changes behaviour. |
D.It implies bad behaviour impacts economy. |
A.Nudge theory affects behaviors. |
B.Good behaviors boost economy. |
C.Nudging helps build a greener world. |
D.Behavioral economics benefits customers. |
8 . A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he
The girl was
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She
Later the little daughter ran over, followed by her father, to
To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain
A great gardener mixes
A.attended to | B.brought up | C.weeded out | D.fed on |
A.caught | B.attracted | C.attacked | D.shocked |
A.recalled | B.noted | C.recognized | D.concluded |
A.iformation | B.presentation | C.presence | D.composition |
A.held | B.picked | C.pulled | D.removed |
A.flowers | B.branches | C.leaves | D.roots |
A.deed | B.deal | C.operation | D.project |
A.confirm | B.exhibit | C.evaluate | D.celebrate |
A.innocently | B.distantly | C.decisively | D.thoughtlessly |
A.burning | B.bathing | C.breathing | D.dying |
A.shelter | B.medicine | C.medium | D.venue |
A.right | B.same | C.dirty | D.loose |
A.Moreover | B.Likewise | C.Rather | D.Nevertheless |
A.environment | B.mode | C.neighborhood | D.opportunity |
A.invisible | B.disorganized | C.improper | D.unpleasant |
9 . Slowly, a great white shark swims toward the boat and onto a specialized lift. Once the shark is lifted onto the boat, the research team from OCEARCH, a nonprofit that specializes in shark tracking, performs about a dozen procedures.
The work is part of OCEARCH’s efforts to study great whites in the western North Atlantic, a less well-researched population than others around the world. “Here we are at the location of Jaws, and yet we didn’t really know the animals as well as we should,” says Bob Hueter, the chief scientist.
Two young great whites tagged (打标签) in this way, Simon and Jekyll, recently became famous thanks to a social media post that pointed out the pair had been traveling together for 4,000 miles up the North American Atlantic coast. People began to wonder if the sharks might be friends, but the situation is not so simple.
The two males were first tagged off the coast of Georgia in December 2022.The electronic tags transmit (传送) data via satellite when one of the sharks surfaces, allowing researchers to follow the animals’ movements online in real time. When Simon and Jekyll reached Long Island, researchers noticed their tracks were remarkably similar. Then they arrived in Novia Scotia within practically the same day!
Although this was a one-time event, such a similar route for the two sharks over a longtime and distance is significant. Great whites are traditionally viewed as solitary (独行者), but researchers believe they may display some social behaviors like other shark species. One study found that white sharks may remain close while hunting to benefit from food. “Surprisingly, we see more and more that white sharks might fit into that social category,” says Yannis Papastamatiou, a biologist at Florida International University.
However, Salvador Jorgensen, a marine ecologist at California State University, thinks there may be other reasons why the pair followed the same route.
1. What is the purpose of OCEARCH’s efforts?A.To further study great whites. | B.To attract wildlife lovers. |
C.To control the number of sharks. | D.To protect natural habitats. |
A.To distinguish them from other species. | B.To track their travel routes. |
C.To enable them to swim long distances. | D.To guarantee their safety. |
A.The average size of the species has declined. |
B.Many animals like to live in warmer weather. |
C.The sharks reached Novia Scotia as expected. |
D.White sharks tend to be social animals at times. |
A.The patience the pair showed. | B.The hardship the sharks underwent. |
C.Other factors guiding the pair’s behavior. | D.Coastal waters appealing to white sharks. |
10 . As a research scholar at the Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, I once monitored birds that inhabited grasslands in Daying Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary, a protected area in Northeast India. This habitat forms a part of one of the most bio-diverse places on Earth. Yet despite their ecological importance and uniqueness, most grasslands are classified by the Indian government as “wastelands”.
Ecosystems throughout the world are suffering from the effects of unchecked habitat loss and climate change. While all types of ecosystems—forests, grasslands, oceans, wetlands and deserts—feel these effects, there is evidence of bias (偏好) towards the conservation of forest biodiversity. This bi as hurts the preservation of other ecosystems, including the grasslands that make up 24 percent of the Indian landmass. These grasslands are home to important biodiversity and support the livelihoods of millions of people, yet are defined in India by their value in being turned into forests for fighting climate change.
Apart from being costly, the move overlooks the ecological and social value of grasslands by turning them into mono-culture forests, which do not provide the same ecological benefits. Yet, grasslands could be equally good at storing carbon.
India and other countries with substantial grasslands need to recognize, support and prioritize evidence-based scientific attempts that focus on grasslands by establishing grassland-specific restoration efforts, as well as by mapping their extent and the ecosystem services they provide for humans. The time is ripe for abandoning outdated labelings like “wastelands”.
Already, communities like the Todas and the Idu Mishmi people are protecting grasslands in India through collective action and local stewardship (管理), which are helping them connect with the grasslands. With the aim of preserving the richness of nature, the government must restore greater rights to local communities to manage grasslands. Grasslands are an important feature of an ecologically sound India, one that must be preserved for that value above all others.
1. What does the author want to stress in the second paragraph?A.Forests are hotspots of biodiversity. | B.Deserts badly affect local ecology. |
C.Climate change threatens ecosystems. | D.Grasslands need equal conservation. |
A.Tolerant. | B.Unclear. | C.Negative. | D.Favorable. |
A.Government officials. | B.Local communities. |
C.University researchers. | D.International agencies. |
A.Stop Treating Grasslands as Wastelands | B.Take Active Steps to Limit Grasslands |
C.Recognize the Polluted Grasslands | D.Transform Grasslands into Forests |