1 . It’s unlikely that we’ll see a dodo, a flightless bird, walking this earth anytime again, according to Beth Shapiro, a evolutionary molecular biologist.

“When most people think about de-extinction, they’re imagining cloning,” Shapiro said. Cloning, the approach that created Dolly, the sheep in 1996 and Elizabeth Ann, the black-footed ferret in 2020, creates an identical genetic copy of an individual by putting DNA from a living adult cell into an egg cell from which the nucleus (细胞核) has been removed. Adult cells contain all the DNA needed to develop into a living animal. Egg cells then use that DNA as a blueprint to turn themselves into many kinds of cells——skin, organs, blood and bones——the animal needs.

“But no living cells from dodos exist. Instead,” Shapiro said, “you’d have to start with a closely related animal’s genome (基因组) and then change it into one similar to dodos.” For example， mammoths (猛犸) are also extinct，but they were very closely related to modern Asian elephants, so researchers are attempting to bring mammoths back from extinction by creating a hybrid mammoth with some mammoth genes replacing part of the elephant genome in an elephant egg cell. However, there are likely millions of genetic differences between the genome of an Asian elephant and that of a mammoth according to Shapiro.

As for the dodo, its closest living relative is the Nicobar pigeon. Mammoths and Asian elephants are pretty closely related, whereas it had been more than 20 million years since the dodo and the Nicobar pigeon had any common ancestors. Genetic differences between the two bird species are therefore much greater, making it a formidable task to create a successful hybrid in the lab, Shapiro said.

Even if scientists manage to bring dodos back, the island where they once lived is a very different place nowadays, which make it impossible to reintroduce dodos without major intervention.

1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The special role of DNA.

B．The process of cloning.

C．The development of cloning.

D．The complexity of cloning.

2. What does Shapiro want to show by the example of mammoths?

A．Dodos are harder to bring back to life.

B．Their living cells are hard to preserve.

C．Cloning can be used to recreate extinct animals.

D．They share a similar genome with Asian elephants.

3. What does the underlined word “formidable” mean in Paragraph 4?

A．Urgent.

B．Possible.

C．Tough.

D．Different.

4. What is Shapiro’s attitude towards the rebirth of dodos?

A．Favorable.

B．Intolerant.

C．Objective.

D．Negative.

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Sam was a junior high school student. He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life. So much of what he knew about plants came from text-books. Sam was a kind-hearted person. He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world.

Finally, the opportunity came. On Arbor Day (植树节), his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees. Sam was excited about it and couldn’t wait to tell his mom the good news. So the next day, Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees, including a shovel(铲), a bucket, gloves and so on.

On the day of the event, Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point. It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy. With the tools in hand, Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination.

As soon as they reached the village, all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher. One team was responsible for planting the trees, one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees. At the teacher’s command, everyone started to do their job.

However, it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees, so they had no idea about how to start. Of course, Sam was one of them. Fortunately, their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees. In order to set an example to the students, the teacher started to plant trees himself. After watching the teacher plant the trees, everyone also became busy. Before long, they planted hundreds of trees. Sam watched very carefully, not wanting to miss any of the details. Finally, Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

For centuries, Tibet has not been explored as much due to its remote    1    (locate), extreme climate and geographic environment. Since 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway    2    (become) the most popular way to connect Tibet to the rest of China.    3    (know) as the “sky road” and a man-made wonder in transportation, the railway begins in Xining and ends in Lhasa. The scenery along the railway offers not only a feast for the eyes, but also    4    journey for the soul.

Qinghai Lake is the    5    (large) inland lake in China. Be it the blue sky and water, the green grassland or breathtaking landscapes-Qinghai Lake has great charms that are worth exploring. It is    6    (definite) a perfect place for bird lovers as many different kinds of birds fly here in May and June due to the mild weather.

The high peaks of the Kunlun Mountains are covered with snow and mist all year round,    7    (create) an amazing view. The geographic and severe climatic conditions have made this place a “forbidden zone for humans”, which is also a reason    8     its biodiversity.

Lhasa offers almost every aspect of Tibetan culture. If one must pick a name card for Lhasa, the Potala Palace is very likely     9    (be) the answer. No one can really say that he has visited Lhasa     10    he has been to the Potala Palace.

5 . Electric cars are already greener than petrol cars in almost every part of the world today, according to researchers. They say electric vehicles are “a no-regret choice” even in places where power nets haven’t gone fully green.

Some previous comparisons suggested petrol cars produce lower net carbon emissions (净碳排放量) over their lifetime than battery- powered cars. Yet these analyses have often compared only two fixed models of cars.

Instead, the researchers from Radboud University looked at the average emissions across many classes of car to get a clearer global picture. It includes during its production, while it is being driven and when it is broken, for all the petrol and electric cars sold in 59 areas across the world in 2015. They connected with information of those areas in the following years and found that the electric vehicles are greener than the new petrol cars. Electric vehicles already have lower net carbon emissions in 53 of those 59 areas. Only in some countries that use coal heavily, such as India and Poland, are electric car emissions worse than those of petrol cars.

The researchers say that the differences between petrol and electric cars on the carbon emissions will grow bigger as power stations get greener. By 2030, they expect the carbon emissions of electric cars to be 20 percent lower than that in 2015, and 30 percent lower by 2050. The suggestions for governments are clear, says Knobloch.“There is no need to wait. Don’t be confused by all those different results out there. It’s a no-regret choice already.”

1. Why did the former comparison show petrol cars more greener?

A．It was too simple.

B．It had no scientific basis.

C．It lacked experimental evidence.

D．It lacked enough reference objects.

2. How many areas do electric cars have higher net carbon emissions?

A．6.

B．53.

C．59.

D．112.

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Petrol cars will be fully replaced.

B．The carbon emissions of electric cars will be zero.

C．Power stations will get huge advance technologically.

D．Petrol cars’ pollution will force people to buy electric cars.

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To state the development of electric cars.

B．To tell readers how to choose an electric car.

C．To show electric cars are greener than petrol cars.

D．To state the differences between petrol and electric cars.

6 . Several days of unusual warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting(融化). “Temperatures have been running around -12.2 ℃-15.5 ℃. It is warmer than normal for this time of year,” scientists said. The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and July 17 alone—6 billion tons of water per day—would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to the report from the National Snow and Ice Data Center. Put another way, it was enough to cover the whole state of West Virginia with a foot of water.

For the scientists out on the ice sheet(冰盖), the warmth has been alarming. “It really makes me anxious,” said Kutalmis Saylam, a scientist who is now working in Greenland. “Yesterday, we could hang about in our T-shirts, which was not really expected. Since Greenland holds enough ice, sea level would rise by 7.5 meters around the world if ice all melted.”

In 2020, scientists found that Greenland’s ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. “No efforts to prevent global warming can stop it from finally breaking into small parts,” said researchers.

Aslak Grinsted, a climate scientist, said that they were trying to get flights into the camp so they can ship out the ice cores(冰芯) they had recently collected. But the warmth is destabilizing the landing site. “The weather we are seeing right now is too hot for the ski-equipped planes to land,” Grinsted said. “So we store the ice cores in large caves we have made into the snow to protect it from the heat of the summer.” Scientists made use of the abnormal warmth while they were waiting, playing volleyball in their shorts on an ice sheet at the top of the world.

Grinsted referred to the temperatures as a heat wave, and noted that the possibility of temperatures getting this hot was clearly connected to global warming.

1. How does the author support the topic of paragraph 1?

A．By exploring reasons.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By designing the numbers.	D．By doing some experiments.

2. What did Kutalmis mean in paragraph 2?

A．He disliked wearing a T-shirt.

B．He worried about the warmth.

C．He was deeply impressed by the ice.

D．He was thirsty for enjoying the sea view.

3. What does the underlined word “destabilizing“ mean in paragraph 4?

A．Quitting.

B．Improving.

C．Sheltering.

D．Destroying.

4. What will the author probably do in the following paragraph?

A．Recommend visiting Greenland.

B．Describe how to ship out the ice core.

C．Call on people to protect the environment.

D．Plan to organize a sports meeting on ice.

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How tall is Panda?

A．About 30cm.

B．About 60cm.

C．About 160cm.

2. Why do people train Panda?

A．To help blind people.

B．To compete with dogs.

C．To dance in the shows.

3. Who is Ann Edie?

A．An English trainer.

B．A reporter.

C．The Panda’s owner.

4. What makes Panda a better guide than a dog?

A．She can’t get lost.

B．She will live longer.

C．She can go everywhere.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China’s next-generation rocket to carry humans is expected to make its maiden flight around 2027, said a project manager.

Zhao Xinguo,a senior rocket    1     (design) and head of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology’s rocket development department, said the new rocket,which has yet to be named, is an important backbone in China’s ambitious plan    2     (place) its astronauts on the moon.“According to our schedule, all necessary conditions for the rocket’s    3     (one) launch mission will be ready in 2027,” he said on Monday in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, one day ahead of the 14th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, the largest arms show in the country.

Zhao said that the new rocket will be about 90 meters tall,     4     a diameter (直径) of 5 meters, which means it will be almost twice as tall as the Long March 5,     5     (current) the biggest in China’s rocket family. The craft will be capable of carrying spacecraft     6     (weigh) about 27 tons into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (轨道),     7     gateway for lunar landing, or a70- ton spacecraft into a low-Earth orbit, according to the project manager.

Hu Xiaojun, a rocket researcher at the academy, said the new heavy-lift rocket     8     ( intend) for the country ‘s future manned spaceflights,     9     will be carried out by a new- generation spaceship, and manned lunar explorations that Chinese    10     (scientist) have been planning for a long time.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

On one late-autumn day, Wang Ting,     1     resident in the Shanxi provincial capital of Taiyuan, took his family to the Jueweishan Mountain in the city’s northwestern suburbs to take hundreds of pictures.

“Autumn is usually the best season for Taiyuan,” Wang said. “But that was not necessarily true in the past for the city,     2     was troubled by pollution from heavy industry companies.

A change for the better, not only in Taiyuan but the entire Shanxi Province,     3     (take) place over the past few years thanks to the local governments and people’s efforts in environmental protection.

Statistics from the Shanxi Department of Ecology and Environment show that     4     (compare) with 65.7 percent in 2017, Shanxi had 72.1 percent of its days with an air quality reaching good and excellent levels in 2021. There is also an obvious     5     (improve) in water quality across rivers and lakes.

During a recent news conference, Wang Yanfeng, head of the department, said that Shanxi has been holding the idea that green mountains and clear waters are     6     good as mountains of gold and silver     7     (achieve) a balance between the environment and social economic development over the past few years.

“Our initiatives include upgrading local industries to clean production,     8     (develop) clean energy resources, reducing pollution and emissions, and promoting environmentally friendly industries as new growth drivers,” Wang said.

After the industrial upgrades, Shanxi,     9     (tradition) a coa-producing province, is seeing 75 percent of     10     (it) coal output generated from advanced and clean production facivilities. In the power industry, 34.3 percent of the electricity in Shanxi now comes from new and renewable energy resources, according to Wang.

10 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the man suggest?

A．Warning drivers of air pollution.

B．Encouraging people to walk.

C．Limiting the use of cars.

2. What can be the difficulty in stopping people from driving?

A．The lack of the governments support.

B．More and more serious air pollution.

C．Peopled dependence on driving cars.

3. What does the woman think about the man’s idea?

A．It’s interesting.

B．It’s impractical.

C．It’s worth trying.