Surprise! A New Penguin
A team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community
The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects
By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native
Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population
Hatching a theory
Just as dinosaurs characterized the cretaceous (白垩纪的) period, which ended with their extinction 66 million years ago, and mammals made up the Holocene (全新纪), which extends to the present day, many scientists believe we need to designate a new geologic age, called the Anthropocene,
It’s likely to be chicken bones, according to a study by Carys Bennett, from the U.K.’s University of Leicester, and colleagues
Humans eat a lot of chicken, which means a lot of chicken bones are being buried, and many of them are likely to survive in fossilized form. According to Bennett’s paper, 65.8 billion chickens were killed globally in 2016, and
We’re not just eating a lot of poultry; we’ve also put our mark on the birds themselves.
Because we engineered the species, and because it has become such a major feature of food consumption, it will
Sneakers (运动鞋) Made from Old Chewing Gum
Dutch fashion and shoe label Explicit Wear is hoping to solve one of life’s sticky situations—the annoyance of stepping in waste chewing gum on the pavement—while helping to keep Amsterdam’s city streets clean. The brand has partnered with local marketing organization Iamsterdam and sustainability firm Gumdrop
Chewing gum causes an incredibly serious ecological problem,
The waste gum will be put to good use to make stylish kicks,
Available for preorder now, the new Gumshoe sneakers—offered in both a bubblegum pink and a black/red colorway—
Nearly 2.2 pounds of gum
To help spread their sustainability message,
Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification.
Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. It generally arises from two related causes. The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. They have been completely buried by the sand now. Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts.
The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. This means that the wrong crops are planted and need more water than is available. Ploughing large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.
It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer. Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming, these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding to what is known as the greenhouse effect.
What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously first steps are to find new water sources. Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field. Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.
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5 . Hailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and
The appeal of plogging is its
Running and good causes have always gone
Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting
We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through
The plastic Patrol app allows users to
Plogging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause, Here are some of our favourites:
Good Gym
Its idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.
Guide Running
Guide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get
Start-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).
1.A.satisfaction | B.hesitation | C.fear | D.control |
A.complexity | B.simplicity | C.instrument | D.expense |
A.substance | B.responsibility | C.value | D.weight |
A.one on one | B.head to toe | C.hand in hand | D.on and off |
A.positively | B.neutrally | C.objectively | D.fairly |
A.accuse | B.rid | C.assure | D.rob |
A.shift | B.interest | C.aid | D.delight |
A.motives | B.performances | C.exercises | D.initiatives |
A.eliminate | B.map | C.seek | D.degrade |
A.leading | B.devoting | C.ending | D.uploading |
A.Disappointment | B.Tiredness | C.Sickness | D.Loneliness |
A.therefore | B.moreover | C.however | D.instead |
A.excited | B.ready | C.active | D.smart |
A.visually | B.audibly | C.visibly | D.sensibly |
A.Running | B.Plogging | C.Driving | D.Cycling |
6 . Laura walked towards the man. “It is terribly cold,” she said.
“Colder than ever,” the man said. “Now tell me what you want.” He stared at Laura for a few seconds and then grinned, “Maybe you’d like to come inside and warm up.”
“No. No, I don’t want to come in.” She took a deep breath. “I just wanted to know if you’re interested in selling your dog.”
“That worthless mutt?” The man pointed to a dog in the yard and laughed for a few seconds, then suddenly stopped. “I was just joking about the worthless part. He’s a pretty good dog. Yeah. I might be interested.”
“Well, he’s the kind of dog I’m looking for. And it doesn’t seem like you’re too fond of him. I mean he’s tied up outside. I don’t see any food or water.”
“You just wait a minute. I take good care of that dog. The guy I got him from said he was a trained guard dog. The trouble is, the stupid thing doesn’t even bark when strangers come around. But then I guess that wouldn’t matter to you. You’re probably just looking for a pet, huh?”
“Yeah. Well, here’s your chance to get rid of him. I’ll give you twenty dollars.”
“You expect me to sell a purebred guard dog for twenty dollars?” the man snorted (哼着鼻子说). “Fifty dollars. That’s my price. You bring me fifty dollars, honey, and you got yourself a dog.” He smiled. “Sure you don’t want to come in?”
Laura shook her head. “I’ll be back with the money.” Breakfast forgotten, she searched for and found a cash machine four blocks away. I can’t afford this, she thought as she punched the numbers into the machine. The dog will need a vet, and where am I going to get the money for that? Her fears wore off as she pictured the dog, curled up, not outside on the cold, hard ground, but in front of a glowing fireplace. Blue ceramic bowls filled with food and water sat in the corner of the kitchen, and she saw him, head held high, matching her stride on their daily walk.
With the money in her purse, she hurried back to the man’s house.
1. Laura started a conversation with the man because she ________.A.needed shelter from the cold |
B.wanted to see if she could buy his dog |
C.hoped to find out where she could buy a pet |
D.wasn’t pleased with how he treated his dog |
A.He considered the dog pretty. |
B.He was good at training guard dogs. |
C.He had been trying to get rid of the dog. |
D.He had bought the dog to protect his home. |
A.She realized that the dog would be living a much better life with her. |
B.It occurred to her that she actually had enough money in her bank account. |
C.She was confident that she would soon land a decent job and earn enough money. |
D.She was excited about having a guard dog beside her when she wanted to take a walk. |
A.a homeless girl | B.a social worker |
C.a rather poor lady | D.an experienced pet owner |
Melbourne: So lovely. So... livable.
Every year, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) releases a list of 140 cities and ranks them in terms of their “livability”. Melbourne
The rankings rate “relative comfort” for more than 30 factors across five categories: stability, health care, education, infrastructure (基础设施), and culture and environment. The final scores
Take a look at the top 10 cities, and you will find that half of
Does that mean non-Melbournians should all pack up and move to the world’s
“I find Melbourne a really boring town, so more livable means really dull,” said a policeman in Australia. “I live in Sydney because it’s interesting, not because it’s comfortable.”
Raised is the question whether you want to live in a livable city or a dynamic one. Big cities like Tokyo, London and New York suffer in the rankings because of higher crime rates and overburdened infrastructure,
8 . Some plants get so hungry that they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What’s more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they’re found on every continent except Antarctica.
You’ve probably seen a Venus’ flytrap. It’s often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks (茎) are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shuts. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.
The Venus flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International carnivorous (食肉的) Plant Society’ s Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.
Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following “attract, kill, digest, and absorb” some from of insects, including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants -- well, most of the time.
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes “meat-eating” plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen. Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can’t obtain any other way. While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil, “meat-eating” plants can’t. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they’ve come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to “meat-eating” plants. Never fertilize them! But don’t worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they’ll grow very slowly.
1. According to the passage, carnivorous plants ________.A.only grow in wild field | B.are rare to see |
C.are as common as flies | D.cannot grow on Antarctica |
A.its numerous long an thin stalks | B.a container where it grows |
C.its insect-catching leaves | D.the lining of tiny trigger hairs |
A.carnivorous plants are dangerous |
B.carnivorous plants are fictional |
C.carnivorous plants occasionally eat book |
D.carnivorous plants are harmless to humans |
A.Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil |
B.Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil |
C.Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects |
D.Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil |
Exploring Beyond
Following the call of our restless genes has not ended well for all explorers. The British explorer Captain James Cook died in a fight with Hawaiians ten years after he received the precious map from Tupaia. His death, some say, brought to a close
NASA's Michael Barratt—a doctor, diver, and jet pilot; a sailor for 40 years; an astronaut for 12—is among those
Not all of us
10 . There are Methuselahs(年岁极高的人)among us. These aged wonders of the natural world do not stalk the earth but glide through Arctic waters. Scientists surveying Greenland sharks,previously thought to live up to 200 years,found that they have far
The discovery,reported last week in the journal Science is a record for vertebrate(脊椎动物)and potentially gives help to those
Sharks and rays usually
An international team,led by academics at the University of Copenhagen,showed that the largest sharks--one stretched to 5m--were generally the oldest,with one
The study intones,rightly,that we should guard these centenarians(百岁老人)of the deep;their leisurely
A.shorter | B.longer | C.smaller | D.bigger |
A.rarely | B.barely | C.constantly | D.nearly |
A.paying attention to | B.searching for | C.dedicating to | D.reaching for |
A.expanded | B.stretched | C.extended | D.kept |
A.conceal | B.reveal | C.exhibit | D.illustrate |
A.structures | B.parts | C.vessels | D.functions |
A.exposed | B.matched | C.opposed | D.related |
A.calculated | B.valued | C.dated | D.evaluated |
A.give | B.show | C.build | D.provide |
A.resulting from | B.resulting in | C.leading to | D.relying on |
A.rate | B.ratio | C.pace | D.chance |
A.humans | B.animals | C.species | D.organisms |
A.for | B.although | C.after | D.as |
A.reach | B.arrive | C.get | D.experience |
A.goal | B.dream | C.chance | D.aim |