1 . The truest explanation of recycling involves taking a material, melting(融化) it down, and turning it back into itself over and over. This can be done with glass and metal, which can both be remelted and reformed into bottles or cans forever. This is a closed-loop(闭环) system, so it’s very desirable. On the other hand, some materials slowly degrade(降解) over time, meaning they can be reformed maybe once or twice, but after a while the chemical composition of the original substance has changed and it can no longer be turned back into what it once was. This is called downcycling(降级回收).

The downcycling of plastic is one of the serious issues surrounding this material. For example, plastic water or soda bottles are seldom turned back into bottles. The other is the fact that plastic never biodegrades(生物降解). Many materials newspaper included, will biodegrade at the end of their lives. When paper enters the environment, given exposure to the air, it breaks down, leaving the world undamaged. Plastic, on the other hand, photodegrades(光降解), and this is very concerning. As discussed earlier, in the process of photodegrading, wind, sun, and water break plastic down into smaller and smaller particles(颗粒) that will cause great damage to the ocean ecosystem.

Finally, there is concern about heating food in plastic containers. Avoid reheating food in plastic containers in the microwave, and stop covering food with plastic wrap. Storing cool food in plastic containers isn’t as big a concern, but avoid heating food and plastic together to eliminate the possibility of plastic into your food.

So the disadvantages to plastic are that it can’t really be recycled in the true meaning of the term, it will never disappear from our environment because it can’t biodegrade, and it is a vehicle to deliver dangerous chemicals into our food chains.

1. What is a satisfying recycling system?

A．It’s easy to find alternative metals.	B．Its process is an open-loop system.
C．Materials can be reused over and again.	D．Composition of materials can be changed.

2. What is probably the major concern of photodegradation of plastics?

A．The threat to oceans.	B．The impact on foods.
C．The process of breaking down.	D．The pollution of the atmosphere.

3. What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean in the third paragraph?

A．Assess.

B．Remove.

C．Weight.

D．Reduce.

4. What is the author’s attitude to using plastic in our life?

A．Positive.

B．Indifferent.

C．Negative.

D．Unclear.

2 . A WeChat mini-program for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games was officially launched on July 2.     1     And it will also change their low-carbon behaviors such as walking, bike riding, as well as bus and subway taking, into “carbon points” in their accounts, which can be exchanged for some awards.

    2     For example, a user can get 0.02 carbon points per step, up to 200 points per day, 174 points for participating in the “clear your plate” campaign each time, and 209 points for taking a bus. Quantifying (量化) low-carbon activities with carbon points enables the public to gradually develop a green and low-carbon lifestyle.     3    

To actively respond to the global climate change, reducing carbon emission and achieving carbon neutrality (碳中和) has become a must in major international sports events.     4     The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games made an even bolder move by launching a nationwide low-carbon campaign and developing a mini-program for the public to help reduce carbon emission.

The Beijing 2022 has always remained committed to being green, low-carbon and sustainable, from its bidding to preparation.     5     All venues are constructed under the national green building standards.

A．It will be popular among many international experts.

B．It will open an individual carbon account for each user.

C．More importantly, it contributes to a greener sport event.

D．Different amounts of carbon points are based on how low-carbon the activities are.

E．It has continuously made breakthroughs in low-carbon energy, venues, and transportation.

F．Carbon neutrality refers to taking steps to balance carbon emissions from human activities.

G．In the past, major sports events usually achieved this through forestry management, and renewable projects.

3 . When a United Kingdom supermarket chain promised to move its farms to Net Zero by 2030, it made it clear that the effort would require working on many different fronts. From energy consumption and land - use change to methane emissions (甲烷排放), cattle farming comes with environmental challenges. So even if recent studies suggesting it's possible to cut methane emissions 80% do turn out to be accurate, there's still a very long way to go for most cattle farming to get anywhere close to truly net zero.

Organic Valley, when producing milk, might be closer to that goal. It made headlines in 2019 by going 100% renewable (可再生的). Now the company is expanding on that tradition by starting a major loan initiative (贷款计划) to help its farm suppliers adopt renewable energy too.

Created with Clean Energy Credit Union, the $ 1 million loan fund will deliver loans at below - market rates. Specifically, the money will be made available to Organic Valley's 1, 700 farmer members, and can be used for a variety of projects.

“We are focused on a whole systems approach to renewable energy, and I'm excited to launch this energy loan fund. From the farm to the shelf, I see renewable energy playing a bigger role in organic food,” said Bob Kirchoff, Organic Valley CEO.

“Organic Valley is already helping to protect the environment through organic farming practices, and now they re going one step further by supporting the introduction of renewable energy projects for their farmer members,” said Blake Jones, volunteer board chair of Clean Energy Credit Union. “In addition to the environmental benefits, we re eager to help family farmers throughout the world to lower their energy costs.”

The world is not short of examples of farmers innovating in the field of renewable energy. What's encouraging about Organic Valley's announcement is the idea of a national brand putting its marketing and financing weight behind such efforts and, hopefully, creating consumer demand that pushes the rest of the industry in this direction too.

1. What does paragraph 1 indicate about going net zero for cattle farming?

A．It is not easy to achieve	B．It is common in the UK
C．It is an impractical goal	D．It meets no challenges

2. What is Organic Valley's tradition according to the text?

A．Helping farm suppliers	B．Using renewable energy
C．Having a loan initiative	D．Making headlines annually

3. What is Organic Valley's initiative mainly intended to do?

A．Reform organic farming practices	B．Make use of environmental benefits
C．Help farmers decrease energy costs	D．Shrink the group of farmer members

4. What is the author's attitude towards Organic Valley's initiative?

A．Worried

B．Doubtful

C．Ambiguous

D．Positive

4 . Recycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.

Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable.

She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says.

BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US study discovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.

Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.

“Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure.

1. Why has so little plastic been recycled?

A．Plastic is chemically stable.	B．Recycling plastic led to pollution.
C．We produced various plastics.	D．Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.

2. What does Wang think of the two current methods?

A．Highly effective and dynamic.	B．Expensive and pollution-causing.
C．Limited and energy-consuming.	D．Widely used and recognized.

3. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?

A．Polyethylene powder.	B．Chemical products.
C．Plastic films.	D．A catalyst.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Miranda Wang and her company.	B．A new plastic recycling method.
C．The greatest downside of plastic.	D．Transformation of plastic waste.

5 . Every year, more than 13 billion plastic bottles are sold in Britain. All of them     1     (use) only once, and only half of them are recycled.

Some think plastic bottles should be banned (明令禁止).     2     think they should be recycled. Others think a returning plan should be brought in to avoid the     3     (pollute) of rivers and seas. That is to say, people will get up to 20 pence back every time they return     4    bottle. A returning plan for bottles is already     5     (success) in Germany, where 98.5% of plastic bottles are returned.     6     (lucky), there are already signs that things are changing for the better. Last year, Selfridges stopped     7     (sell) single-use water bottles. London Zoo announced that it would also ban them. It sold 155,000 plastic bottles,     8    can be filled by visitors from taps. Families visiting beaches this summer are being asked to take part in a plan called “Return To Offender”. The idea is     9     (post) plastic bottles and other litter they find back to the     10     (company) that made them, using their freepost addresses.

6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

For 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been soaring to unheard-of levels.

This is causing polar ice to melt(融化) ,sea level     1    (rise) and has brought about a dangerous increase in extreme weather     2    (event)，such as hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts and floods. These climate changes would likely present challenge to our society and environment. It is now a global concern     3     the climate changes occurring today have been severer because of man's activities.

    4    (trouble) by the serious situation, world leaders came together for talks, which were seen    5    a make-or-break situation for the United Nations climate talks.

The climate talks     6    (lead) to about 200 hundred countries reaching an agreement that would, for     7    first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions(释放)to address global climate change. That was     8    (certain)an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind.

As the world leaders continue to commit    9    (they) to monitoring our "sick”planet. we need to continue to take small steps to "heal(治愈)the world. We are left with not much of a    10     (choose).If only we could just pack our bags and move to Mars!

7 . I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.

I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.

As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.

Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.

When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.

I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.

1. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?

A．To ensure their survival.	B．To observe their differences.
C．To teach them life skills.	D．To let them play with his kids.

2. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Behave badly.

B．Lose their way.

C．Sleep soundly.

D．Miss their mom.

3. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?

A．Boring.

B．Tiring.

C．Costly.

D．Risky.

4. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?

A．They frightened the children.	B．They became difficult to contain.
C．They annoyed the neighbours.	D．They started fighting each other.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Even before I reached the tent, I knew there would be trouble. My little brother Andy was following me, with a sleeping bag, a flashlight, and his stuffed bear. My friends Wade and Bred think Andy would ruin everything. He would get scared in the middle of the night and have to be taken back to the house. They complained so much you'd think they were hospital patients instead of kids I'd invited for an outdoor sleepover.

Andy promised that he wouldn't ruin anything. He wormed his way into the tent and settled in the far corner. Night was settling in, too, with the woods around us fading toward black. The house, with its porch light, seemed a long way from us.

“Time for ghost stories!” Brad announced as soon as I'd closed the tent. He told a   story about vampires （吸血鬼）, but it only made us fall over laughing. When it was Wade's turn, he told a story of three guys who were camping in a tent. He described our situation exactly-except for Andy. When he was describing a terrifying creature, somewhere outside, a branch snapped （发出咔嚓声）。The hairs on my arms shot straight up. “These guys were crawling into their sleeping bags, right?” Wade continued. “When out of the darkness rang this terrible cry.” And out of the woods behind us there was a cry! High-pitched, frightening, and strange. The hairs on my head shot straight up!

“What was that?” Bred asked as the cry came again. We all looked at each other in horror, speechless. Wade suggested someone should go out to check, but no one dared. “What if it's something trapped or hurt?” Andy said anxiously. We focused our flashlights on Andy, whom we'd forgotten, sitting in the corner with his arms around his bear. Andy would adopt every lost or hurt animal in the world if Mom would let him.

注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答

“I'm going to see.” Andy ran out of the tent and disappeared in the darkness.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Andy said it was a baby monkey caught between branches, and it was crying for its mama.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Green Hills, Clear Water, Blue Sky is a project that was set up by the government three years ago. Since it was started, many people    1     (take) part. They think it is     2     (they) duty to make the Earth    3     (beauty) and peaceful. At    4     same time, they insist that the government should play an important role and try their best    5     (protect) the environment. Some answers of factories are damaging the environment by     6     (pollute) rivers with chemical waste. So it is     7     (believe) that the government should pass laws to punish people    8     damage the environment. Besides, the government should build conservation centres so that plants and animals     9     danger can be protected.

All in all, people and the government should work side by side to take care    10     the Earth.

10 . Belgium is a destination that appeals to travelers who want to enjoy the good life and the friendliness of Belgians.

Heart of Europe

The Kingdom of Belgium is in the northwest of Europe. However, the country has long been regarded as the heart of Europe, which serves as the capital of the European Union. As a result, more than 1,400 international organizations and companies set up their headquarters there.

Cartoon kingdom

Belgium is truly a “cartoon kingdom”. It is said one in every three cartoonists in the world is Belgian. Brussels, the capital of Belgium, is just like a castle in a fairy tale. Cartoon bookstores, cartoon museums, and cartoon gift shops can be seen almost everywhere.

Chocolates

Belgians love chocolates. The average annual consumption of chocolates per person is 6.8kg. The fragrant and creamy chocolates made in Belgium have seized so many people’s hearts with their unique flavors. If you don’t know what brands to choose, maybe the ones specially made for royal families are a good choice.

Delicacies

Belgian people are as good at cooking as they are at making beers. No wonder that Belgian food is as good as French food. Brussels alone has more than 2,000 restaurants, providing all kinds of delicacies from every part of Belgium.

1. Why do so many international companies set up their headquarters in Brussels?

A．Because it is a cartoon kingdom.	B．Because it is the heart of Europe.
C．Because it is the capital of Belgium.	D．Because it is in the northwest of Europe.

2. What can we learn about Belgium?

A．It serves food in French flavor.	B．Most cartoonists are from Belgium.
C．Belgians are famous for making beers.	D．Royal families consume 6.8kg of chocolates annually.

3. What’s the writing purpose of this text?

A．To advertise Belgium as a travel destination.	B．To make known the importance of Brussels.
C．To compare Belgian food with French food.	D．To introduce living conditions in Belgium.