1 . Whether they are furry, feathered or scaly (多鳞的), the non-human members of your family help you in more ways that you knōw.
They keep you active. If you have a dog, chances are that you’re walking it at least 30minutes a day, and likely more — an activity that goes a long way towards keeping you fit.
They boost your immune system. Growing up indoors in disinfected spaces later causes our bodies to over-react to harmless substances, making us more allergic. As is often the case, pets have muddy paws, abundant furs and affection for licking (舔) us.
They lower your risk of a fatal heart attack. Researchers found that cat owners had a 30per cent lower risk of dying of a heart attack.
They help you manage a chronic disease.
| A．They also improve your mental health |
| B．They contribute a lot to our strong body |
| C．With the considerate care from the owners |
| D．Here are some ways that your pet pal benefits you |
| E．With their regular tasks of feeding, walks and play |
| F．They introduce more bacterial diversity that our body adapts to |
| G．But you may wonder how it comes about without taking a cat for walks |
2 . What Is Your Pet Trying to Tell You
Animals want our attention, and sometimes they’re quite obviously about asking for it. Unusual behaviors are often our pets’ way of telling us to stop what we’re doing and play with them. It’s why Fido constantly chases his tail and why Kitty keeps rolling around. A desperately bored pet may have “bad” behaviors to get a reaction-even a negative one!
Feed me.
Sure, your dog loves you, but that’s not why he’s licking(舔)your face. A puppy learns to lick his mother’s mouth to get a little leftover food, so Spot isn’t kissing you in our sense of the word; he just wants a snack.
I’m stressed.
Cat owners also misinterpret their furry friends’ kisses. While a cat might lick you to show love, sometimes she’ll do it to ease herself. One way to tell if her licking is stress-related is to see if it goes on for an extended period of time. Birds also overclean when they feel anxious. Some will even drag out their own feathers.
My tail tells all.
Dogs wag(摇)their tails to the right when they see something or someone they want to approach, and to the left when they see something they want to avoid. When frightened, dogs curl their tails in, while cats wrap theirs around themselves. And if a cat’s tail looks like a question mark, she’s eager to play.
1. What does a dog show if it kisses its owner?| A．Hunger. | B．Love. | C．Fear. | D．Sadness. |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．They will drag others’ feathers. |
| B．They will approach someone they like. |
| C．They will clean their feathers more than necessary. |
| D．They will stare at their owners for a longer time. |
3 . Electric vehicles(EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming. But are they like what people believe? The Radiant Energy Group(REG) stated effects of EVs vary with countries. In some nations, EVs lead to the release of more carbon gases than gasoline cars. The group reckoned gas emissions(排放) caused by a gasoline vehicle and from charging an EV. Countries where charging an EV is cleaner than driving a gasoline-powered car use a lot of nuclear or solar power.
Sales of electric cars are rising the fastest in Europe. Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions because their electrical systems depend so much on coal. In other European countries, however, EVs result in fewer emissions. The countries with the biggest carbon gas reduction use much clean power. The first was Switzerland at 100 percent carbon reductions over gasoline vehicles.
Germany and Spain create lots of electricity from the sun and wind. But the sun and wind don’t add to a country’s electrical system equally throughout the day. For this reason, carbon emissions saved by driving an EV aren’t fixed. Charging in the afternoon, when there’s more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or coal.
The gap in emissions between electric and gasoline-powered vehicles has narrowed in recent years. In Europe, carmakers have been required to meet EU CO₂ emissions of performance standards. They’ve made their gasoline engines more fuel-efficient. As a result, carbon emissions of new gasoline-powered cars in Europe have fallen an average of 25 percent in the past years. But EV sales in Europe are backed by government spending and rules against new gasoline engine cars after 2035. Major automakers have set targets to sell mainly EVs in Europe in the coming years.
1. What does the underlined word “reckoned” mean in paragraph 1?| A．Reduced. | B．Calculated. |
| C．Banned. | D．Predicted. |
| A．The country where they’re made. | B．Facilities producing clean power. |
| C．The time they are being charged. | D．Technology used by electrical systems. |
| A．Support of official policies. | B．Concern about global warming. |
| C．Standards of gasoline car. | D．Advertisements from carmakers. |
| A．What Benefits Do EVs Bring? |
| B．Will EVs Replace Gasoline Cars in Europe? |
| C．How Do EVs Affect Carbon Emissions? |
| D．Do Electric Cars Really Help the Environment? |
4 . Suppose there are some coins on the table in front of you. If the number is small, you can tell right away exactly how many there are. You don’t even have to count them — a single glance is enough. Cichlids and stingrays, two kinds of fish, are astonishingly similar to us in this respect: they can detect small quantities precisely — and presumably without counting. For example, they can be trained to reliably distinguish quantities of three from quantities of four.
But how do you ask a cichlid for the result of “2+1” or “5-1”? The researchers showed the fish a collection of geometric shapes — for example, four squares. If these objects were colored blue, this meant “add one” for the following discrimination. Yellow, on the other hand, meant “subtract one.”
After showing the original stimulus (刺激物) (e.g. four squares), the animals were shown two new pictures — one with five and one with three squares. If they swam to the correct picture (i.e. to the five squares in the “blue” arithmetic task), they were rewarded with food. If they gave the wrong answer, they went away empty-handed. Over time, they learned to associate the blue color with an increase of one in the amount shown at the beginning, and the yellow number with a decrease.
“We deliberately left out some calculations during training,” Schluessel explains. “Namely, 3+1 and 3-1.” After the learning phase, the animals got to see these two tasks for the first time. But even in those tests, they significantly often chose the correct answer.” This was true even when they had to decide between choosing four or five objects after being shown a blue 3 — that is, two outcomes that were both greater than the initial value. In this case, the fish chose four over five, indicating they had not learned the rule “chose the largest (or smallest) amount presented” but the rule “always add or subtract one”.
1. How did the researchers tell the fish what to do?| A．They used different colors to represent different calculations. |
| B．They showed different numbers by various shapes. |
| C．They asked the fish for the result after showing geometric shapes. |
| D．They associated geometric shapes with colors. |
| A．They can get food when swimming to the correct picture. |
| B．Blue means “add one,” and yellow means “subtract one”. |
| C．Math plays an important role in one’s life. |
| D．Five squares in the blue means food. |
| A．To prove that the fish finish the task by memorizing numbers. |
| B．To indicate the fish can do complicated tasks. |
| C．To show an important rule the fish had not learned. |
| D．To check whether the fish can apply this knowledge to new tasks. |
| A．Some fish can perform math tasks by memory. |
| B．Cichlids and stingrays have simple math abilities. |
| C．All fish are smarter than we used to think. |
| D．Scientific training is the key to math. |
5 . Residents of several villages in Russia’s Magadan region have recently reported black snow caused by the black powder produced by an outdated, coal-powered water-heating plant. In Omsukchan and neighboring Seimchan, two villages in the Siberian far east, snow doesn’t always look the way you’d expect. In fact, sometimes it’s quite the opposite. Instead of white snow covering everything as far as the eyes can see, locals are treated to a bad view of black snow that the kids sometimes play in. Photos and videos of this disturbing scenery have been doing the rounds online every winter for years, but locals say that despite the temporary anger they express online, nothing ever changes.
Black often represents tough luck but the black snow isn’t the result of some sinister, unexplained phenomenon. Omsukchan is home to a coal-burning hot water plant that provides heating to several settlements in the area, and as temperatures drop in the winter months, more coal has to be burned in order to keep water temperatures up. This results in increasing black smoke in the atmosphere. The smoke coming out of the plant’s chimneys eventually falls to the ground, covering everything, including white snow. So the black snow that people see is simply the effect of coal pollution.
Oksana Gerasimova, the head of the Srednekansky district, tells Magadan Pravda newspaper that the plant is indeed to blame, but adds that the situation is better than it was a few years ago. It’s true that the ash and smoke collectors at the plant don’t do a perfect job, but the situation is only temporary and the black snow is apparently “not a reason to worry”.
Authorities’ plans to change the filters in the coal-burning plant to stop the pollution are underway, and they want to replace the old plant with an electricity-powered one, but it requires new sources of funding. Most of the people living in Omsukchan and Seimchan have heard that before and they are raising their hopes.
1. What causes the black snow in Russian Magadan Region?| A．Coal smoke. | B．Water pollution. | C．Shooting angle. | D．Video technology. |
| A．Evil. | B．Damp. | C．Sensitive. | D．Recreational. |
| A．It is unrelated to any plants. | B．It will worry people forever. |
| C．It will be solved in the future. | D．It receives less attention than before. |
| A．Cautious. | B．Expectant. | C．Unconcerned. | D．Reserved. |
1. 春天对你的影响；
2. 你对春天的感悟。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
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Over and over at the UN climate summit in Glasgow, world leaders have stressed the need
Already, the world has heated to around 1. 1℃ above pre-industrial levels. Each of the last four decades was
More warming to 1. 5 ℃ and beyond will
“At 1. 5 ℃, there’s
One evening I went to the park to refresh myself as usual. I rested on the bench and leaned back, stretching my legs. I did nothing but watch kids' activities over there. My eyes fell upon a pair of cute children. I was fascinated by their gaming, screaming and saying in no-cent words. Perhaps, they used to come regularly but I didn't notice them before. They seemed to be brother and sister, I guessed they were under ten years old. I stared at them as they involved themselves in their fun game; hide and seek. Their loose coats put a barrier to hide and easily one of them was caught by the other. Then I joined their game and enjoyed it without being an onlooker.
While playing, the girl came running towards me to hide behind the bench. The moment I saw her, she gestured, clamping her finger on her lips. I sat straight to help her to hide, acting as if I didn't know anything. After finishing his count down, the boy searched for her here and there. At last, he spotted her behind me and screamed, “Grace, come out. I saw you.”
She shouted loudly, “No, Christian, you cheated. You have to find me again. Go back behind the tree and start counting again.” The boy clapped his hands cheerfully. He laughed out loud, “No, I did it. You are caught.” They both started pulling each other. Somehow, I enjoyed their bane fully. Suddenly, I noticed Grace pull her brother towards the fence. A homeless little dog was struggling with pain.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Grace rushed towards the little dog and kept it on her lap.
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Grace was really unwilling to go home, leaving the homeless dog in that condition.
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March 12th is China's annually National Tree-planting Day. On this day, millions of Chinese, from all walks of life, will put their works at hands aside for
First
China's Tree-planting Day could date back
In February 1979, the 5th National People's Congress of People Republic of China made a
“Sun, sun, sun, here it comes…”
Danny sang while his fingers pressed and pulled skillfully at the guitar strings, delivering a slow and peaceful tune. A circle of audience had formed, nodding and moving slowly to the song.
Lying at the feet of the street performer was his most adoring fan: One-Eyed, a white stray (流浪) dog with pieces of brown. Danny felt the name was suitable considering its physical disability. Usually, One-Eyed would bark loudly as Danny performed. Much to his annoyance, people often mistook the pair as owner and pet. At this time, Danny would reply, “My dog? No!”, eyes rolling at the idea. How he wished the dog would leave him alone instead!
On a snowy night, while Danny was performing, a bird flew downward, landing into the midst of the crowd. It cooed happily as if to harmonize with Danny. Unfortunately, that did not sit well with One-Eyed, which immediately bounced at it and the bird flew away desperately.
The unexpected chaos upturned Danny's hat, which could have been filled with notes and coins from his appreciative audience, leaving it ignored on the ground. "Argh! The hateful dog!” Danny broke down, thinking to himself, “Either the dog goes or I go!”
On the next night, Danny tried to find a new place and chanced upon the park. For a while his earnings were good unsurprisingly as there was a steady flow of visitors. However, that didn't last long. One-Eyed came along and appointed itself as Danny's guardian. "Argh! Here comes the hateful dog again!" That night, Danny hadn't made enough money he should have, all thanks to the troublesome dog.
Danny was almost mad with One-Eyed. “What should I do? Call an animal shelter?” Torn by this problem, he walked aimlessly by the lake of the park. With all his mind focused on how to get rid of the dog, Danny didn't watch his steps. Suddenly, he slipped and fell into the lake accidentally. Struggling in the icy water, he cried for help desperately, almost choking to death. Sensing the approach of death, Danny got into overwhelming panic.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, a familiar barking was heard in the distance.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“My hero! Thank you for saving me,” Danny said gratefully with watery eyes.
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