2 . 最近你外国朋友Thomas写信给你，想了解中国在环境保护方面所作出的努力。请给他写一封回信。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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3 . We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy, eating certain things can actually be harmful. Now it is seemingly affecting more and more of us.

An allergy is caused by the immune system fighting substances in the environment, known as allergens, that it should see as harmless.     1    It means people have to spend their lives following strict dietary restrictions and worrying about the ingredients of everything they consume. We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products and to peanuts. Last year a teenager died after suffering a fatal allergic reaction from eating a baguette containing sesame seeds.     2    

Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.     3     Dr Alexandra Santos from King’s College London says food allergy now affects about 7 percent of children in the UK, and 9 percent of those in Australia.

    4     Dr Santos says, the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them.     5     She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond.

A．So what might be the cause?

B．It seems to be more environmental.

C．Similarly, food allergic reaction is deadly.

D．This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.

E．Besides, more adults are suffering from food allergies.

F．However, food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.

G．More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain foodstuffs.

4 . A rescue center in Alaska has taken in an orphaned baby seal (海豹) that was still in the body when a hunter killed its mother on Easter Sunday.

The Alaska Sea Life Center says a hunter killed the baby’s mother in a village on Nelson Island in the Bering Sea. The hunter then realized there was a live baby inside the seal and successfully delivered (接生) it.

The hunter’s daughter found a hotline of the Seward Rescue Center and called to report the incident. Guided by center staff, a village teacher helped transport the baby to the local airport, and the animal was flown to Anchorage. The Alaska Sea Life Center members met the baby, now called Maxwell, at the Anchorage airport and drove him to Seward on Monday. Staff members say the baby has responded well to food and care, but his condition is still considered very serious.

“Maxwell was close to full-term, and everything looks fairly normal,” said Pam Tuomi, a center vet. “But babies that have never received antibodies (抗体) from their mothers’ milk are at higher risk of infection (感染), so we will keep Maxwell in a separate place and watch him closely for the next few weeks.”

The Sea Life Center is Alaska’s only permanent facility licensed to house stranded marine mammals and seabirds. The staff choose a theme each year for naming animals admitted there, and this year the names are related to caffeine.

“We hope to give Maxwell a second chance to live as a wild sea,” said Brett Long, the center’s director.

1. What can we learn from the passage?

A．The mother seal was killed in order to protect the baby seal.

B．The mother seal was killed before the baby seal was born.

C．The cruel hunter was unwilling to save the baby seal.

D．Both the mother seal and the baby seal were in good condition now.

2. What did the hunter’s daughter do with the baby seal?

A．She helped to feed it.	B．She delivered it successfully.
C．She reported it to a rescue center.	D．She persuaded her father to save it.

3. The underlined “him” in the third paragraph probably refers to __________.

A．The hunter	B．The baby seal
C．a member of the center	D．the village teacher

4. What do we know about the baby seal’s condition now?

A．It still faces the danger of dying young.	B．It is only half of the normal size.
C．It is found to be difficult to feed.	D．It will be set free into the sea soon.

5 . 假定你是李华。 你将代表学校参加国际高中生环境保护论坛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。
1.环境保护的紧迫性
2.如何开展环境保护
3.呼吁大家积极参与
注意：1.词数 100 左右

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

参考词汇：论坛 forum

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6 . The loneliest chimp (黑猩猩) in the world just got the best surprise—a hug from a new friend.Ponso has been by himself for nearly three years，finding himself alone after his wife and children died on the island where they were abandoned by a medical testing company many years ago.

For years a nearby villager named Germain has been Ponso's only company，visiting him so often to bring bananas and bread—the chimp's only source of food on the tiny island.It was clear how much Ponso missed companionship when he was recently visited by Chimpanzee Conservation Centre Director Estelle Raballand.The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him，with his smile from ear to ear.

For those who know Ponso's backstory，his immediate ease and trust in humans might be surprising.Ponso was one of 20 chimps，all between the ages of 7 to 11 years old，relocated to an island off the Ivory Coast after being used for testing by the New York Blood Centre.After the tests were completed in 2005，the lab reportedly transferred the chimps to a string of islands，occasionally dropping off food and water because there was none in the chimps' new homes.

Disease and hunger soon left only Ponso，his mate and their two children standing.But at the end of 2013 they died within days of each other and Ponso was now completely alone.

A group called SOS PONSO is trying to raise money for the poor lonely chimp，already achieving its goal of   ￡20，000—all of which will be used for Ponso's care.

1. What do we know about the chimp Ponso?

A．He was deserted by his family.

B．He found many sources of food.

C．He came to the island for a test.

D．He suffers from loneliness greatly.

2. How did Ponso feel about the visit of Estelle Raballand?

A．Frightened.	B．Excited.
C．Embarrassed.	D．Confused.

3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The chimps' new settlement.

B．Why Ponso was used for a test.

C．How Ponso came to the island.

D．The medical test about chimps.

4. What can be inferred from the text?

A．Many people show concern for Ponso.

B．A new lab will be built on the island.

C．Germain won't visit Ponso any more.

D．More chimps will be brought to the island.

7 . For a long time, hikers in Japan have considered a bear bell essential. Its tinny ring is said to scare off the huge creatures. Nowadays, however, bear bells are increasingly useful on the way to the shops as well as in the wild. “The number of animals whether bears, boars or monkeys- is expanding, and they are going into villages and towns,” says Hiroto Enari of Yamagata University.

Japan is home to many species of wild animals, including both black and brown bears. It's estimated that the number of bears has been rising since 2000. In 2018, the number was close to 13,000. The reappearance has its roots in human demography (人口统计学): the reduction of Japan's population is especially obvious in rural areas, where it is deeply influenced by ongoing urbanization. Usually, the bears are afraid of entering a village with people around. The appearance of bears is more seen in villages where the population is falling fastest.

Hunting is declining in Japan, too. Government data suggest that the average hunter is now 68 years old. The country's many forests and mountains provide an expansive habitat for wild animals. Indeed, wild areas are growing as foresters and farmers die off. Bears become particularly bold, running into villages for persimmon.

While some welcome the reappearance of bears, others suffer from it. Every year bears injure scores of people, and kill several. Besides, deer can cause damage to farmland. Simple solutions, such as changing the layout around villages or putting up fences, are rarely used. Instead, many bears are caught or killed. In 2013 the government resolved to reduce half the number of certain types of deer, boars and monkeys by 2023. “Japan is struggling to adapt to the changing power balance between animals and people," says Mr. Enari.

1. Why is a bear bell necessary for Japanese hikers?

A．Because it is tinny and convenient.

B．Because it can be used in the wild.

C．Because it can make special noises.

D．Because it can frighten wild animals away.

2. What makes the number of bears increasing so rapidly in Japan?
①Hunting is not as popular as it used to be.
②Bears can enter villages without people's permission.
③Japan' s population in the countryside is falling fast.
④Foresters and farmers are not allowed to kill bears.

A．①④

B．②④

C．①③

D．②③

3. The underlined word “resolved" is closest in meaning to “_________________”.

A．chose

B．determined

C．managed

D．refused

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Japan is trying to balance animals with humans.

B．People are in favour of the reappearance of bears.

C．Changing the layout or putting up fences is useless.

D．The reappearance of bears is harmful to human beings.