1 . 假定你是李华，你受学生会委托为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一份倡议书，标题为“Plant Trees to Save the Earth”。内容包括：
1. 植树的好处；
2. 动员大家多植树。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Plant Trees to Save the Earth

Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Student Union

2 . Get Involved! Make a Donation!

So what is rewilding?

Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species diversifying instead of declining. That's rewilding. Rewilding offers hope for wildlife, humans and the planet.

Why is rewilding important and necessary?

•Our natural ecology is broken. The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more.

•Our wildlife is disappearing. Many wonderful species have declined over the past century. We've lost more of our large animals than any European country.

•Nature looks after us. Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water, prevent flooding and store carbon. Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today.

What are challenges?

Many people are not interested, because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea. They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators（食肉动物）because they would start killing farm animals. It takes time to educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need your help!

Make a donation.

Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature!

With your help we can:

•Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change.

•Develop tools to educate, influence and spread the word.

Thanks for your support

1. Which of the following is the result of rewilding?

A．Species become various.	B．A lot of animals disappear.
C．Environments are destroyed.	D．Natural disasters happen regularly.

2. Which of the following is one of the challenges at present?

A．People's destruction	B．A lack of volunteers
C．A shortage of time	D．Farmers' disagreement

3. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To introduce a new project.	B．To call on people to give away money.
C．To warn people of the natural ecology	D．To convince people to change their mind.

3 . There are many famous lakes in China. The following are some of them.

West Lake, Hangzhou

West Lake is a gift of nature. Located in the west part of Hangzhou and surrounded (围绕) by green hills, this lake is famous for beautiful scenery, a lot of historical sites and native products. In addition, West Lake can always be seen in paintings.

Kanas Lake, Xinjiang

Kanas Lake is one of the deepest lakes in China. It is home to about 800 kinds of plants and more than 100 kinds of birds. Surrounded by snow-capped mountains and thick forest, the lake takes on different colors in different seasons. Kanas Lake is also a mysterious (神秘的) place, and it’s said that large creatures have been seen in it.

Erhai Lake, Yunnan

Located in the northwest part of Dali City, Yunnan Province, Erhai Lake is a plateau (高原) lake. As the lake has a shape of an ear, it gets the name Erhai. Called “the pearl on plat-eau” for its beautiful scenery, it is also one of the most attractive places in Yunnan.

Yamdrok Lake, Tibet

Surrounded by beautiful snow-capped mountains, this lake is fed by many small streams.

With an area of 675 square kilometers, this lake has large lakeside grassland, which serves as highland pastures (牧场). There are lots of fish living in the lake, which are caught by local people. From April to October, fish caught in this lake are sold at the market in Lhasa.

1. Which lake is preferred by painters according to the text?

A．Yamdrok Lake.

B．Kanas Lake.

C．Erhai Lake.

D．West Lake.

2. What do Kanas Lake and Yamdrok Lake have in common?

A．They are fed by many small rivers.

B．They can serve as highland pastures.

C．They are surrounded by snow-capped mountains.

D．They are famous for a lot of strange animals.

3. Why does Erhai Lake get its name?

A．It looks like an ear.	B．It is very beautiful.
C．It is a plateau lake.	D．It has many stories.

4 . Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, such as coyotes (丛林狼) in Los Angeles or boars (野猪) in Berlin, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors.

Because cities are built for humans, they do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife. For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.

Our actions sometimes help other species. When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them. Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.

There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.

Another example is a 2011 proposal for a tall “Birdscraper” building in New York. The building is intended to protect birds and fight pollution at the same time. It would be in the middle of a lake, birds would sit on it, and their droppings would fall into the water. The droppings would help water plants grow well and then create oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us. If we do not, more species will become extinct and our own future will be endangered.

1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?

A．Other species like to have human neighbors.

B．There are many kinds of wildlife living in city areas.

C．Coyotes or boars always attack cities like Los Angeles or Berlin.

D．People should think about their neighbors when having visitors.

2. Why did engineers design small gaps under the Austin bridge?

A．To get rid of the bats.

B．To make it an attraction.

C．To help other species to live conveniently.

D．To make it convenient for bugs to go through.

3. What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?

A．The structure of wildlife zoo in Beijing.

B．The parks built to grow native plants.

C．The wildlife of Beijing Olympic Forest Park,

D．The structures built to attract wildlife into city.

4. Which word can replace the underlined word “droppings” in the 5th paragraph?

A．waste	B．voice
C．rubbish	D．appearance

6 . Ants are good navigators. They often travel long distances to search for food and carry it back to their nests. But how do they do it?

An international team of scientists, including researchers at the University of Edinburgh, UK, has recently come up with an explanation. According to the findings, ants use visual memories of their environments and the sun’s position to find their way home. And they can even do it while traveling backwards.

The researchers studied a group of desert ants in Seville, Spain. The study's purpose was to find out how ants navigate when they carry pieces of food of different sizes.

To make it work, the scientists first trained the ants to follow a particular path back home, including a challenging 90-degree turn. Then the ants were given either a small or a large piece of food to test their navigational skills.

Ants with small pieces of food walked forward and cleared the 90-degree turn just fine. However, those with larger pieces sometimes had to turn backwards to drag them. Generally, these ants would set off in the correct direction. But if they stayed too long in the backward position, they would miss the correct turn to reach the nest.

Interestingly, not of the backward-walking ants were that stubborn. Some would drop the food occasionally   to check their surroundings. So after turning back to pick up their food, the ants would find themselves back on the right path.

Barbara Webb, a professor from the University of Edinburgh’s School of Informatics, said the findings could help people make smarter robots in the future.

“Understanding their behavior gives us new insights into brain function and has inspired us to build robot systems that mimic their functions”, she told the BBC.

Scientists have been able to copy the neural network in the ant’s brain. The hope is to invent robots that can explore by themselves in natural areas such as forests.

1. According to the new study, ants ________.

A．mainly depend on local landmarks to guide them home

B．cannot navigate well when they are carrying food with them

C．prefer to travel in groups to avoid being lost on long-distance journeys

D．use the sun’s position and visual memories of their surroundings to navigate

2. Why do the researchers study desert ants?

A．To find out how ants find their way home.	B．To find out how ants carry pieces of food.
C．To study whether ants travel backward.	D．To study whether ants use sense of sight.

3. What inspiration does the researchers get from their findings?

A．Robots can be used to explore the forest.

B．Ants' neural network can be moved into robots.

C．Findings help understand humans' brain function better

D．People can make cleverer robots imitating ants' brain functions.

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Ants’ navigational skills and their possible application

B．Ants’ traveling habits and brain functions

C．How ants carry food pieces of various sizes

D．How scientists test ants’ skills.

7 . Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey-rats will soon be man's new best friends.

What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.

How does it work? First，the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat's brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat's brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.

Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University-New York says, “Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity!

The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn't get to and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).

1. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man's best friends because they can ______.

A．take the place of man's rescue jobs

B．find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings

C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings

D．get into small spaces

2. From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person is alive by ________.

A．the noise made by the rat	B．the rat's unusual behavior
C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat's back	D．the smell given off by the person

3. In doing rescue jobs, ________.

A．rats smell better than dogs

B．dogs don't need to be trained to smell people

C．robots' sense of smell can be affected by other smells around

D．rats can not see in the dark

4. After reading the passage we can know      .

A．nowadays rats have replaced dogs in searching for people

B．the “rat project” has been completed

C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building

D．at present people still use dogs and robots in rescues

8 . Foxes have become a part of life in Britain's urban areas.They are striking creatures but they are also dangerous.Three years ago，twin baby girls Isabella and Lola Koupparis were left with arm and face injuries after they were attacked by a fox while they were sleeping at their home.Last week，four-­week­-old baby boy Denny Dolan was bitten by a fox which entered his home.After gaining access to the home through the front door，the fox pulled the baby down from the sofa and tried to drag him outside，biting him and almost severing(割断) his finger.

Although fox attacks on humans are still very rare，they will become more common if we don't change our behavior towards these increasingly fearless animals.It is humans rather than foxes that are responsible for rising fox attacks on humans.

On the one hand，people who love foxes treat these wild animals like pets，leaving food out for foxes，feeding them from their hands，and even inviting foxes into their home.The result is that the fox is more brazen(厚颜无耻的)and less inclined to avoid us.It is those people who feed foxes that cause foxes to lose their fear of humans.However，as long as they have a healthy fear of humans，they won't bother humans.

On the other hand，foxes have moved into cities for lack of resources in rural areas.We take away their natural habitat to build more houses and factories.Foxes have no choice but to live and search for food in the city.If they live in the forest，no fox attack will happen.

We have to learn to share the earth with animals and let foxes return to their natural habitat.We also have to learn to look upon foxes as wild animals.We have to remember that they are instinctive killers，efficient and silent with only one purpose，kill to eat.We must certainly not intervene them，even when they look starved.They are hungry for a reason.The hunger will force them to hunt for rabbits and other animals instead of waiting for food at your door.

1. We can learn from the passage that        ．

A．it is common for people to spot foxes in British cities

B．it is very difficult for people to raise foxes as pets

C．it is common for foxes to attack a child in Britain's urban areas

D．it is very dangerous for foxes to live in Britain's urban areas

2. Why do more and more foxes flood into cities?

A．Because urban people love the cute animal.

B．Because foxes lack natural resources in the forest.

C．Because no houses are built for them in the forest.

D．Because their habitats are occupied by other animals.

3. We can learn from the passage that the author                     .

A．is very cruel to foxes

B．is a wild animal lover

C．is concerned about foxes

D．is against feeding foxes

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A．It is humans rather than foxes that are to blame for the rising fox attacks on humans.

B．People in cities must certainly not feed foxes，even when they look starved.

C．Human beings have to learn to live in harmony with wild animals in cities.

D．Foxes in British cities are striking creatures but they are also dangerous animals.

9 . While the human world is suffering from the novel coronavirus outbreak, our planet is actually showing certain signs of “recovery” from the damage caused by human activity. According to the BBC, new satellite images released by the European Space Agency showed that levels of air pollutants and greenhouse gases have “fallen sharply” in major cities in Europe and the United States ever since the lockdown started.

This is what happened after recent discoveries in Antarctica. An international team of 89 scientists found that the ice in Greenland and Antarctica is melting six times faster in the 2010s than it was in the 1990s. And in February, Argentina’s Marambio research station in Antarctica recorded a record high temperature of 20.75 ℃ on the continent.

So what exactly will happen if the temperature keeps rising and the ice keeps melting? A third study might give you an idea. A team of scientists drilled a hole into the seafloor in west Antarctica and extracted (提取) material from underground, in which they found traces of roots, spores and pollen—typical products of a rainforest—that dated back 90 million years ago. In other words, Antarctica was very likely a rainforest back when the dinosaurs walked on Earth. But given the fact that the South Pole has four months of darkness during winter—even millions of years ago—scientists believe that the rainforest could only exist if the greenhouse gas concentrations were extremely high back then to keep the continent warm when there was little or no sunlight.

“We didn’t know that this Cretaceous (白垩纪的) greenhouse climate was that extreme,” Johann Klages of the Alfred Wegener Institute in Germany and a co-author of the research told the Guardian. “It shows us what carbon dioxide is able to do.”

Ice or no ice, Antarctica will be—and has always been—fine with extreme changes. The human world, however, may not be.

Now, during the coronavirus lockdown, we’ve seen the changes resulting from less human activity. Hopefully, we’ll hold on to those changes—not for Antarctica or the planet, but for ourselves.

1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?

A．Our planet is returning to its original state due to the novel coronavirus outbreak.

B．The lockdown of major cities contributed to the decrease of greenhouse gases.

C．The novel coronavirus has a positive effect on the human beings.

D．The novel coronavirus outbreak resulted from human activity.

2. What do we learn from the third study?

A．Typical products of a rainforest were dug out in Antarctica.

B．Traces of dinosaurs living in rainforests were spotted in Antarctica.

C．There was a good possibility of high greenhouse gas concentrations in Antarctica.

D．There used to be enough sunlight for the rainforest in the Cretaceous Antarctica.

3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．Human activity doesn’t threaten life in Antarctica.

B．The ice in Antarctica is melting faster in the 2010s than now.

C．We should reduce carbon dioxide emissions for our own sake.

D．The lockdown can be carried on to slow down global warming.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To encourage us to defeat the novel coronavirus.

B．To explain the effects of greenhouse gases.

C．To draw our attention to ecosystem in Antarctica.

D．To call on us to reduce human impact on the environment.

10 . A scientist locked himself in a small air-tight plastic tent with 200 plants to see if they could change CO₂ into oxygen (氧气) fast enough to keep him alive.

Kurtis Baute locked himself in a 3m by 3m tent in his brother’s backyard in British Columbia, Canada. He hoped to find out if by surrounding himself with plants, the CO₂ he breathed out could be changed into oxygen to allow him to survive in the locked tent for at least three days. Unfortunately, he had to give up the experiment after only 15 hours, as CO₂ levels reached a dangerous point where he risked suffering brain damage.

“I could probably survive in the tent for three days,” Baute wrote on his website. “But my goal is not to just ‘not die’. My goal is to end this project without developing brain damage or just generally causing lasting harm to my body. But as it turns out, that’s exactly what he risked as the 200 plants he took with him into the tent couldn’t meet his needs. Clearly, a cloudy sky prevented them from receiving all the sunlight they needed to perform photosynthesis (光合作用), so they couldn’t recycle CO₂ fast enough.

“Plants are great at taking in CO₂ and they love it. Since it wasn’t a bright and sunny day, they weren’t getting the light they needed, which meant CO₂ just kept rising. I had to give up the experiment as that continued.” the young experimenter said.

15 hours into the experiment, Baute reached the set danger point and then ended this experiment. Still, he called the experiment a “huge success” as his main goal was actually the terrible effects of climate change and CO₂ emissions. “The conclusion about my experiment is that if CO₂ is too high, I’ll escape, which is just everyday experiences for many people on this planet. Everyone deserves clean air, but not everyone has it,” he wrote.

1. Why did Kurtis Baute stay in the tent for only 15 hours?

A．The tent is too small for him to stay too long.

B．The environment in the tent is dangerous for him.

C．CO2 in the tent couldn’t be changed into oxygen.

D．He couldn’t survive in the locked tent any longer.

2. What made it hard for the 200 plants to satisfy Kurtis Baute’s needs?

A．His health condition.	B．His wrong decision.
C．Too much CO2.	D．The cloudy weather.

3. What does Kurtis think of the result of the experiment?

A．Disappointing.	B．Surprising.
C．Satisfying.	D．Interesting.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．A test to show the importance of clean air

B．Surviving in the tent

C．The set danger point

D．Making people know the use of plants