1 . Stephen Warren, study leader at the University of Washington — has been on the case of the green icebergs for more than 30 years. He first took samples from one of these green hunks of ice in 1988, near the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctic. Most glacial ice occurs in shades of white to brilliant blue. The bluer the ice, the older it is. Typically, compression (压缩) from accumulating layers of snow pushes air bubbles out of the ice, reducing the scattering of white light. The compressed ice absorbs most of the light except for blue — creating the blue color seen in the hearts of icebergs and glaciers.
The green ice was similarly bubble-free, and yet it looked green instead of blue. Warren and his team soon found that the green ice came not from glaciers, but from marine ice. That’s the ice from the undersides of floating ice shelves.
At first, the team thought that organic material in the marine ice was causing the green color. But further research showed that the green marine ice didn’t have a higher-than-usual amount of organic impurities. Now, a new study finds that a different sort of impurity may be the root cause of the green ice. Warren and his colleagues report that the marine ice at the bottom of the Amery Ice Shell has 500 times more iron than the glacial ice above.
This iron comes from the rocks under the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which are turned into fine powder as glaciers move over them. The icebound iron oxidizes (氧化) as it contacts seawater. The resulting iron oxide particles take on a green color when light scatters through them. When icebergs break off the larger ice shelf, they carry this iron-rich ice with them. It’s like taking a package to the post office. The iceberg can deliver this iron into the ocean far away, and then melt and deliver it to other living things that can use it as a nutrient.
1. What’s special about the iceberg found by Warren?A.The iceberg was old. | B.The iceberg absorbed blue light. |
C.The iceberg’s heart was pure white. | D.The iceberg was bubble-free and green. |
A.Iron dust from marine ice. | B.Impurities of marine ice. |
C.Reflection of green plants. | D.Compression from layers of snow. |
A.Deliver the package. | B.Oxidize the seawater. |
C.Bring marine life nutrients. | D.Break off the large ice shelf. |
A.A study about Antarctic. | B.The colors of icebergs. |
C.The movement of icebergs. | D.The mystery of green icebergs. |
2 . Can you survive an unannounced storm? Although there is expert broadcasting and we have cell phones, there are still some instances (情况) when the violent weather takes us by surprise.
While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the roust of Africa giving plenty of early warning, sudden Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico hurricanes form and move rapidly in less than a day’s time, endangering everyone and everything in their path.
Oil workers were trapped off the shore (海岸) when sudden storms appeared. Natural scientists have been stuck in coastal areas without storm warning. Ten years ago a Texas National Guard group was trapped on the beach by rain-forced flooding and bad to ride out (经受得住) a major hurricane during a training exercise. There’ve been a few instances when travelers were trapped on an island or in a coastal area and unable to escape in time.
Escaping from the storm-threatens areas is generally a choice for most of us — but not for all. Each year thousands of islanders across the Caribbean face the danger of hurricanes without so much as a public shelter to hide in. Most ride out the storm in their homes.
But there’re a few things yon ran do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies. Being prepared for the unexpected may be your best and only defense. If you’re headed outdoors for a few days or weeks, you should always carry a flashlight with extra batteries, a Beidou device, and a basic medical box. If you’re traveling in your ear, remember you may suffer high winds. You’d better not stay inside to avoid being blown away along with your car. Keeping your head and your courage up is essential (必要的) to survival in any type of danger. Let common sense guide you and always be prepared for the worst.
1. According to the text, most Atlantic hurricanes _______.A.form in the Caribbean Sea | B.develop off the coast of Africa |
C.come from Gulf of Mexico | D.are from the Pacific Ocean |
A.People trapped by sudden storms. |
B.The bad situations of oil workers. |
C.The Texas National Guard group. |
D.The danger of traveling on an island. |
A.We can get through the storm because of the expert broadcasting. |
B.Being prepared for the unexpected is likely to be our best and only defense. |
C.Escaping from the storm-threatened arras is a choice for all of us in general. |
D.We should stay inside the car to avoid being blown away in high winds. |
A.To give some advice. |
B.To encourage traveling |
C.To give some warnings. |
D.To understand the danger of storms |
3 . Christmas was approaching. I still hadn’t prepared a gift for my wife Donna. However, Donna was good at
We had just moved to Italy and were still
Northern Italy is usually
Donna’s daily calls continued, and so did my daily visits. I still didn’t mention the
When approaching our home, Donna shouted, “You give me the best Christmas gift!” I was
A.decorating | B.recycling | C.evaluating | D.planning |
A.thoughtful | B.cheap | C.common | D.similar |
A.exercising | B.unpacking | C.wandering | D.arguing |
A.library | B.house | C.store | D.clinic |
A.horribly | B.abnormally | C.reasonably | D.rarely |
A.freeze | B.escape | C.starve | D.move |
A.replaced | B.advocated | C.ruined | D.enriched |
A.collection | B.treatment | C.approval | D.description |
A.reward | B.topic | C.proposal | D.assistance |
A.turn in | B.turn out | C.turn on | D.turn away |
A.complaint | B.schedule | C.disappearance | D.prediction |
A.proudly | B.silently | C.angrily | D.blindly |
A.analyze | B.get | C.break | D.publish |
A.frightened | B.thrilled | C.inspired | D.confused |
A.purpose | B.theory | C.adventure | D.example |
4 . Leonardo DiCaprio cares about climate change and has made environmental protection his life’s work. Besides leading his own environmental organization, the film star sits on the board of several other organizations, and his efforts have been celebrated by the United Nations.
But while many Hollywood stars are environmentally aware(意识到的)off screen, a new study shows the movie industry isn’t doing nearly enough on screen to keep climate change in everyday conversation. Researchers studied 37,453 scripts (剧本), looking for 36 climate keywords like “climate change”. They found only about 2.8% had any mention of the keywords. However, the word “dog” was mentioned 13 times more than all 36 climate words.
The study was published with a guidebook, Good Energy, to help screenwriters to focus more on climate change in movies and TV shows. The book was written after discussion with over 100 screenwriters and producers, as well as climate experts. Information about climate has an important part in the book, along with suggestions on how to shape characters and offer climate solutions on screen, Katherine Oliver, who helped with the print of the book, said, “Our goal should be to bridge the gap between the world we live in and the modern world we see on TV.”
Salire(讽刺)is used in Don’t Look Up , which stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Jennifer Lawrence in a story satirizing the worlds cold reaction to climate change. Writer-director Adam McKay was among those who joined the discussion about the book. “We’ve seen how the film has created more conversation to call on people to look up,” McKay said.
Supporters of the book call this just the start and say it’s up to Hollywood to tailor scripts so that they can mirror the terrible situation the world is facing in real life. If we’re doing a scene(场景)in a supermarket, let there be people refusing to use plastic bags. Or if we’re doing scenes where we can be modeling healthy eating, then let’s have a system that can offer clean water.
1. What does the study on the movie industry suggest?A.Most scripts are less creative than expected. |
B.Animal protection work has achieved huge success. |
C.The movie industry suffers from environmental problems. |
D.The movie industry’s environmental awareness isn’t enough. |
A.Putting more climate-related scenes on screen. |
B.Bridging the gap between screenwriters and viewers. |
C.Honouring film stars’ efforts to protect the environment. |
D.Drawing viewers’ attention to problems presented in movies. |
A.To praise Adam McKay’s writing skills, |
B.To share the secret of this movie’s success. |
C.To list a movie showing environmental concerns. |
D.To explain why satire should be used in movies. |
A.Adapt. | B.Limit. | C.Refuse. | D.Borrow. |
When I was admitted to the University of Alabama, I decided to get a puppy. So I adopted an adorable Golden Retriever(金毛猎犬) puppy against my parents’ wishes.
Soon, I realized my parents were right. The dog was so naughty that it caused me a lot of trouble every day. In fact, she soon earned the nickname(绰号) Bella the Devil at school.
However, as time went by, she taught me how to be a better dog mom, and I taught her how to be a better dog. We became best friends and did everything together. Bella was there for me all the time: parties, restaurants, games, even dates! We loved spending time together. By the time I was a senior, Bella and I developed a stronger relationship. She was truly my best friend.
In the third year, I worked at the local college l bar not far from the house. One night, I was running late. Bella and I had been with friends down the street when I realized it was already 9:00 p.m. We had to rush home so I could make it to work by 9:30. I ran through the front door and jumped to the bathroom to have a shower. Bella followed me into the bathroom and lay in her usual place on the bathroom floor. Then I heard my front door open. It was so loud that I thought it was strange. It couldn’t be my roommate for she had flown to New York. I turned off the shower and yelled her name. No answer.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Instantly(立刻), I knew something was seriously wrong.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then I went outside to find Bella with the policemen.
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6 . You never forget your first whale. The impact it makes upon you is huge and life is never quite the same again. My first whale was a 40-foot grey one, off the coast of California in 1979, and I've been a whale addict ever since. Now I have to go whale watching regularly just to survive normal daily life.
I may be crazy but I am certainly not alone. The world is filled with whale watchers: since its beginnings in the mid-fifties, whale watching has grown dramatically and now more than 13 million people join organized whale watching trips every year.
As a faithful whale watcher, all your holidays center on whales. The only books you read are ones about whales; you wear whale T-shirts, and every time you meet your friends you talk about whales.
So what is it about these larger-than-life animals that makes them so special? Their enormous size is one possible explanation: imagine sitting in a small boat next to a blue whale almost as long as a Boeing 737. The fact that we know so little about them is another possibility: modern technology has taken us to the moon and beyond, yet we are only just beginning to understand these extraordinary forms of intelligent life on our own planet.
Planning and patience are just two essential requirements for successful whale watching. Planning is needed because there are certain whale hot spots-where you have the best chance of seeing them-and because the larger species tend to be on their way from feeding areas to breeding grounds, so rarely do they stay in one place for more than a few months at a time.
Patience is necessary because, even under the best conditions, whales can be tricky to find. However, most commercial whale watching trips have a surprisingly high success rate because they tend to concentrate on well-known whale populations at peak (最高的) seasons.
1. What is the impact of the author's first whale in his life?A.He has fallen in love with whale watching. |
B.He has organized watching trips every year. |
C.He has written a good many articles on whale watching. |
D.He has made a lot of speeches about protecting whales. |
A.what faithful whale watchers usually read |
B.what faithful whale watchers are usually like |
C.faithful whale watchers often wear whale T-shirts |
D.faithful whale watchers often take part in whale forums |
A.To say that man has landed on the moon. |
B.To prove that whales are really attractive. |
C.To show us the power of modern technology. |
D.To tell us that whales are intelligent animals. |
A.It is very difficult to find these clever whales. |
B.Whales only appear at seas that arc deep and far. |
C.Whales often stay under water for quite a long time. |
D.Whales are on their way to breeding grounds at a time. |
7 . One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees(猩猩) is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.
Last year, we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future.
This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.
29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided enough was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.
We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees, Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not believe our eyes—this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!
To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their journey.
1. Why do chimpanzees respond differently to new enrichment?A.They are of different skins. | B.They have natural curiosities. |
C.They have their unique characters. | D.They are as intelligent as monkeys. |
A.Buttercup. | B.Emma and Clarisse. |
C.Luke. | D.Precious. |
A.Postpone. | B.Continue. |
C.Control. | D.Dispose. |
A.Luke has cured his anxiety problems. |
B.Luke was the first to get involved in the investigation of the piano. |
C.Luke lost interest in all the instruments. |
D.Luke was too old to learn anything new. |
8 . Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40,000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul: "We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."
Most relics have to rely on tourist fee for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center, Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: "We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surroundings of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value "
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum DangQuoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government.”
Nguyen ThiMinh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: "This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration(修复)must be based on previous values.”
Experts have called for a systematic(系统的)guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
1. From which is the passage probably taken?A.A school report. | B.A geography research paper. |
C.A health magazine. | D.A newspaper report. |
A.Poor building materials. | B.Human activities. |
C.War influence. | D.The passing of time. |
A.turn to advanced countries for financial help |
B.care less about the natural environment of the relics |
C.make full use of the money raised by the local people |
D.encourage the community to join in the rescue work |
A.Vietnam Is a Scenic Country |
B.All of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins |
C.It's a Good Idea to Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style |
D.Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注音.1.每外错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Our school lies at the foot of a mountain with a small river passes by. It used to be a quiet, clean or beautiful place. It is a pity that things have changed since a chemical factory built near our school one year ago. Every one day the factory produces many waste water and some other solid waste things. The terribly pollution is harmful by our health. What's worse, the great noise from the factory had a bad effect on us activities. As a result, our school is no longer that it used to be. Our teachers and students are painful beyond expression.
10 . Many years ago, dogs and wolves were the same. But about 14,000 years ago, some wolves began to change. They were no longer as wild. No one knows exactly how this happened. Angus Phillips of National Geographic Magazine thinks it may have happened like this: “Some wolves moved close to human cooking fires after smelling something good to eat. Then they worked to get closer to groups of humans. They did this by being helpful or proving they would not hurt people. The humans might have used the wolves’ better hunting skills to help them hunt animals. The wolves could warn humans of danger at night. Over thousands of years, humans kept the large, rough wolves out of the human camps. This led to the development of different kinds of dogs that were more friendly to people. They began to look different than wolves. They were generally smaller than wolves, with a shorter nose.”
Through the late 19th century, humans would raise dogs for special skills they wanted, such as hunting, helping with the work on farms or protecting animals. Today, the most common use of a dog is for friendship. Some people even consider their dog to be a part of their family. Scientists are finding that dogs can even understand human emotions. Around the world today there are more than 400 million dogs. But their relationship with people is not always close. Some of these dogs become strays. They live on the streets and often eat garbage. Diana Bharucha, from Bangalore,
Diana, started a program called ‘Stray Dogs Free Bangalore.’ She says that dogs should have a home with a human master. Diana told the news-magazine Citizens Matters: “If the dog population continues to increase, they will go back to living in a group and turn wild. They will start hunting like wild animals which will be a danger for human life.” Humans are still learning how to live together with dogs. This relationship can be wonderful but difficult. But people will continue to share their lives with man’s best friend: the dog.
1. Paragraph1 is mainly about ________.A.the wolves’ great hunting skills | B.how some wolves developed into dogs |
C.why some wolves got close to humans | D.the difference between wolves and dogs |
A.the method | B.the place | C.the number | D.the purpose |
A.have no home | B.are abused by the family |
C.get separated from others | D.suffer from serious illnesses |
A.To control the dog population. | B.To prevent dogs turning wild. |
C.To rescue dogs on the street. | D.To stop dogs being hunted. |