①倡导绿色生活的原因；
②实践途径(至少三点)。如：使用可重复利用的物品：出行方式的改变；利用可再生能源；树木的种植；节约自然资源等等；
③呼吁大家积极参加。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Boys and girls.
With development of society and economy, the number of private cars is increasing at a surprising speed.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Students’ Union
2 . Temperatures around the North Pole have greatly increased in the last 50 years — changing a long-term natural cooling trend. Now the Arctic is warmer than at any time during the last 2000 years, according to a major new study.
The study, based on an analysis of tree rings and other things, provides compelling evidence that greenhouse gases released since the start of the industrial revolution are causing global warming.
An author, Darrel Kaufman said, “Scientists have known for a while that the current period of warming was coming after a long-term cooling trend. But our reconstruction quantifies the cooling with greater certainty than before.”
The research — published in the journal Science — comes from a team of British and American scientists who followed summer Arctic temperatures to the time of the Romans by studying natural signals in the landscape. Their reconstruction found that the Arctic got cooler in the summer months between 1 AD and 1900, thanks to a natural “wobble” (摇摆) in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun.
The wobble slowly increased the distance between the Earth and the Sun during the Arctic summer, reducing the summer temperatures by around 0.2 degree every thousand years and causing the “Little Ice Age” that led to freezing winters in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries.
But during the 20th century, temperatures began to rise greatly — though the amount of sunlight reaching the Arctic during the summer was continuing to fall. The decade between 1999 to 2008 was the warmest in the last 2000 years, the research found. The research has shown that Arctic temperatures rose three times faster during the 20th century than the rest of the Northern Hemisphere.
Some researchers have predicted that the Arctic could be free from sea ice in the winter within the next few decades if the temperatures continue to rise.
1. The new research shows that _______.| A．greenhouse gases are causing global warming |
| B．the Arctic has been free from sea ice in the winter |
| C．the Arctic keeps a long-term natural cooling trend |
| D．the Earth will be too hot for human beings to live on |
| A．shows an interesting phenomenon |
| B．is quite convincing |
| C．causes global warming |
| D．is rather surprising |
| A．recent cooling is more obvious than before |
| B．people fail in stopping the climate changes |
| C．the Arctic has been continuously cooling before |
| D．the Arctic is getting cooler in the summer months |
| A．the wobble causes the temperature in the Arctic to rise |
| B．Arctic temperatures rise more slowly than before |
| C．global warming cannot be prevented by human beings |
| D．the Arctic would be cooling without greenhouse gases |
| A．The “Little Ice Age”. |
| B．A Long-term natural cooling. |
| C．The warmest Arctic in 2000 years. |
| D．A natural “wobble” in the Earth’s orbit. |
3 . McCormick Place in Chicago, the largest convention center (会议中心) in North America, is covered in glass that is enjoyable for humans but deadly for birds. On Oct 5, over 1,000 migrating birds died from colliding with (相撞) its glass walls in a single day.
According to data from Cornell University, the number of birds killed there during that one night is roughly equal to the typical yearly bird collision deaths at the building.
One key reason for the accident is the glass. During the day, birds fly toward glass as it reflects a perfect image of the sky and nearby trees. As night falls, the bright light from glass buildings attracts birds who fly according to the location of the moon and stars. The recent collision happened on the night of Oct 5, when the lights in the building were on for an event.
After colliding with a building, many birds will die on the spot from a broken skull. Others may continue to fly for some distance, but they rarely survive for more than a few hours, as Brendon Samuels, who researches bird window collisions at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, told The Guardian.
Every year, nearly one billion birds collide with glass in the US, according to the US Fish and Wildlife Service. In China, bird collisions are not uncommon, either. In the autumn of 2022 and spring of 2023, the National Anti-bird Collisions Action Alliance reported a total of 190 cases of bird collisions, which included several types of birds listed as second-class protected wildlife.
These tragedies (悲剧) could have been avoided if appropriate (合适的) measures had been taken. Many places around the world have already put forward bird-related guidelines on building design. These include reducing the use of glass in building walls and applying bird-friendly materials and visual markers (视觉标记) to the buildings’ walls. Turning off lights at night during migration seasons can also significantly help reduce bird collisions.
Alongside guidelines on bird-friendly building design, people can also do their bit to help birds by putting stickers (贴纸) on glass windows in their homes and closing the curtains at night.
1. What do we know about the bird collision event that happened in Chicago on Oct 5?| A．It happened during the day. |
| B．About 10,000 birds were killed. |
| C．McCormick Place closed because of it. |
| D．The building`s glass is a key cause of it. |
| A．Many die instantly or within a few hours due to injuries. |
| B．They fly back to where they came from. |
| C．They will be rescued and rehabilitated. |
| D．Most survive but with minor injuries. |
| A．Common and harmful to birds. |
| B．Unavoidable and friendly to birds. |
| C．Rare and damaged to both birds and buildings. |
| D．Infrequent and preventable to both birds and buildings. |
| A．Building taller structures. |
| B．Painting buildings in bright colors. |
| C．Increasing lighting around buildings at night. |
| D．Reducing glass and adding bird-safe materials in buildings. |
| A．The effects of closing curtains at night on bird migration. |
| B．The National Anti-bird Collisions Action Alliance report. |
| C．The tragedy of bird collision with building glass. |
| D．The largest convention center in North America. |
4 . A new study finds climate events such as flooding, heat waves and drought worsen more than half of the known diseases that infect people. These diseases include malaria, cholera and anthrax.
Researchers examined medical literature (文献) of established cases of such diseases. They found out that 218 out of the known 375 human infectious diseases seemed to be made worse by extreme weather connected to climate change. The study connected more than 1,000 pathways from climate events to sick people. In some cases, heavy rains and flooding sicken people through disease-carrying mosquitoes, rats and deer. Other events, like warming oceans and heat waves, spoil seafood and droughts bring bats carrying viral infections to people.
Medical doctors, going back to the days of ancient Greek civilization, have long connected disease to weather. But this study shows how widespread the influence of climate events is on human health. “If climate is changing, the risk of these diseases is changing,” said Dr Jonathan Patz. “The findings of this study are terrifying and illustrate well the enormous (巨大的) consequences of climate change on human pathogens (病原体). Humans need to all work together to prevent disasters from climate change.”
Camilo Mora, a climate data expert, said the study is not about predicting future cases. “These are things that have already happened,” he noted. Here’s one example Mora knows from his own experience. About five years ago, Mora’s home in rural Colombia was flooded, creating a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Mora contracted Chikungunya, a virus spread by mosquito bites. He survived, but he still suffers pain related to the disease. In another case, the remains of a reindeer which died from anthrax were unearthed as the Siberian permafrost (永冻土) melted from warming in 2016. A child touched the dead animal, got anthrax, and an outbreak spread.
Dr Aaron Bernstein said the study is a good warning about climate and health for now and the future. He added, “But of course, it only reports on what we already know and what’s yet unknown about pathogens may be yet more compelling about how preventing further climate change may prevent future disasters like COVID-19.”
1. Which is TRUE according to Dr Jonathan?| A．The risk of climate is always changing. |
| B．Ancient people connected diseases to weather too. |
| C．Humans should deal with climate change urgently. |
| D．Human diseases were illustrated in Greek civilization. |
| A．The quick spread of the virus. | B．The disastrous flooding in Colombia. |
| C．The destructive Siberian permafrost. | D．The bad impacts of climate events on human health. |
| A．COVID-19 still remains a mystery to people. |
| B．More disasters will be caused by climate change. |
| C．Climate change is a good warning about human health. |
| D．People should care more about the unknown diseases. |
| A．Climate change helps spread some deadly illnesses |
| B．Climate events are connected with infectious diseases |
| C．Climate disasters provide key information about diseases |
| D．Extreme climate may lead to serious disasters |
| A．Convincing. | B．Challenging. | C．Driving. | D．Forcing. |
5 . 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你的英国朋友Chris在China Daily上看到一些中学生团体为甘肃地震灾区积极捐款捐物的新闻，向你了解你校学生参与类似活动的情况，并询问你校学生组织的其他大型活动。请你给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况， 内容包括：
(1) 介绍学生向灾区捐款捐物的相关情况；
(2) 介绍学生组织的其他大型活动(如体育、文艺等方面)；
(3) 你对参与校园活动的印象和感受。
注意： (1) 词数不少于 100；
(2) 内容充实，行文连贯；
(3) 开头结尾已给出，不计入词数。
参考词汇： 地震灾区 quake-affected regions 赈灾物资 relief supplies
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Jin
6 . I’ll never forget May 12. 2008. We were having classes at Beichuan Middle School, Sichuan Province, when a huge
At about 2:28 pm, our
Hours later, some people came to rescue and
Later, I
World after such a(n)
Now, some of my classmates and I were
May victims rest in peace. May survivors live to be stronger.
1.| A．rain | B．earthquake | C．snow | D．rock |
| A．classmate | B．parent | C．friend | D．teacher |
| A．Finally | B．Luckily | C．Suddenly | D．Actually |
| A．fall | B．stand | C．run | D．walk |
| A．home | B．desks | C．classroom | D．outdoors |
| A．Minutes | B．Weeks | C．Hours | D．Days |
| A．trapped | B．stayed | C．played | D．packed |
| A．lived | B．suffered | C．enjoyed | D．escaped |
| A．ignored | B．recovered | C．rescued | D．remembered |
| A．all | B．some | C．none | D．each |
| A．found out | B．added up | C．came up | D．set down |
| A．devoted | B．helped | C．killed | D．concerned |
| A．outside | B．with | C．between | D．among |
| A．now | B．once | C．then | D．never |
| A．attitude | B．trouble | C．disaster | D．experience |
| A．life | B．damage | C．hurt | D．item |
| A．in ruins | B．dug out | C．as usual | D．set up |
| A．judged | B．persuaded | C．joined | D．organized |
| A．keep on | B．give in | C．care about | D．go through |
| A．peaceful | B．safe | C．grateful | D．active |
要点提示：1. 城市垃圾的危害。
2. 建议：垃圾分类、报纸和玻璃的再利用、有害垃圾的处理等。
参考词汇：城市化urbanization;加速acceleration;将……分类sort；回收recycle
注意：
1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 词数不少于100，信的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear editor,
With the acceleration of urbanization, city waste problem is getting worse.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
8 . Not long ago, I was the guide on a wildlife-photography trip to Svalbard near the North Pole. After two days of
The next morning, I was woken up because a polar bear was
That was the
I was overjoyed to see all my
| A．research | B．training | C．inspection | D．adventure |
| A．spotted | B．avoided | C．imagined | D．appreciated |
| A．threw | B．buried | C．placed | D．applied |
| A．character | B．image | C．acceptance | D．description |
| A．pulling | B．shouting | C．drawing | D．crying |
| A．terrible | B．simple | C．abnormal | D．sharp |
| A．movement | B．situation | C．position | D．smell |
| A．seal | B．ice | C．hole | D．camera |
| A．dug | B．leaked | C．slipped | D．raced |
| A．luckiest | B．worst | C．brightest | D．wettest |
| A．annoyed | B．embarrassed | C．bored | D．satisfied |
| A．commitment | B．recognition | C．excuse | D．permission |
| A．ordinary | B．previous | C．precious | D．tight |
| A．risk | B．consider | C．escape | D．abandon |
| A．got over | B．turned into | C．ran into | D．turned over |
| A．Obviously | B．Amazingly | C．Initially | D．Gradually |
| A．stepped | B．wandered | C．floated | D．danced |
| A．animals | B．facilities | C．photos | D．friends |
| A．Recovering | B．Acquiring | C．Repairing | D．Exploring |
| A．recommendation | B．accomplishment | C．discovery | D．evolution |
Perhaps one of the most terrible weather phenomena is the tornado. The unpredictability of a tornado produces fear in many areas. Tornadoes are one of nature’s most devastating storms, but they don’t last long. The average length of a tornado is only five to thirty minutes, but the places they travel to are often ruined.
The strong winds of a tornado can tear just almost anything from the ground including trees, vehicles, and even houses. Another damaging effect of tornadoes is actually from the debris that the storm picks up. People have been buried alive by houses or mud picked up and then dropped by a tornado, but also lightning that the storm produces. It can cause fires and electrical problems.
If there is a tornado approaching, what safety measures should you take? First, it is important to realize that there is no specific way to know if a storm is going to produce a tornado. Scientists have only developed warning systems that tell them if a storm is capable of producing a tornado.
During severe weather, leave a radio on. It’s inexpensive and could save your life. If you hear the announcer say there is a tornado warning that means the conditions are correct for forming a tornado. A tornado warning means a tornado has been seen.
If you find yourself in danger, find shelter in the lowest possible place, such as a basement. If your home does not have a basement, go to the safest room. Stay away from windows or anything heavy like furniture. A bathroom is a good location. Take your battery-powered radio to your shelter and turn it on. Kneel on the floor and cover your head with your hands. This is the best position to avoid damage during a tornado.
1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 1? (No more than 2 words)2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? (No more than 6 words)
3. What help can warning systems about tornadoes give scientists? (No more than 15 words)
4. Why does the writer say a radio may save lives? (No more than 12 words)
5. What do you think about the tips on tornado safety? And why? (No more than 20 words)
10 . Canaries, a kind of small yellow songbirds, are more sensitive to carbon monoxide (CO) than people are. Thus they were routinely taken into mines as men went about their work of mining for coal. CO could quickly poison many miners before they even knew what was happening. If a canary stopped singing, this was an indicator of rising CO levels. Now ecologists think they’ve found a “canary” that could predict possible disaster for tropical (热带的) ecosystems—the cricket (a small brown jumping insect).
Crickets are tiny, present in large numbers and, most importantly, noisy. The chirps (唧唧叫声) of individual species are identifiably different. Researchers had previously wondered if ecosystems might be monitored by listening to how the sounds of their crickets change over time.
Amandine Gasc and her colleagues studied cricket populations on Grande Terre Island in New Caledonia, where multiple ecosystems often exist very near to each other. They collected crickets at 12 sampling sites. Four were healthy forest sites, four were shrubland (灌木地) areas, which is often created when people cut down forests, and four were shrubland areas that were turning into forests again. They listened for insects in square zones and ran ten 30-minute collection sessions at each site.
Dr. Gasc described how each ecosystem had, in effect, a distinct “cricket fingerprint”. Species richness varies considerably among the different environments. Of the 20 cricket species found in the healthy forest, 12 were unique to that habitat alone, 2 of the 15 species found in transitioning forests were unique to this habitat and 3 of the 7 shrubland species were unique to shrubland.
Just by looking at the crickets found in a given location, the team found that it was possible to determine whether they were looking at shrubland, forest or shrubland that was changing into the forest. There was no need to examine the other surrounding plants or animals.
What’s more, Dr. Gasc’s team found each habitat contained cricket species that generated their identifiable chirps. This suggests that setting up audio recorders in forests that pick up cricket calls will be an easy, cheap and accurate way to detect the early stages of change in tropical ecosystems.
1. Why did miners take the canary into mines?| A．To bring down CO levels. |
| B．To promote their work efficiency. |
| C．To offer them some entertainment. |
| D．To remind them of the potential danger. |
| A．By analyzing “cricket fingerprints”. |
| B．By comparing plants in different zones. |
| C．By observing the changes in landscapes. |
| D．By referring to previous findings on crickets. |
| A．Healthy forests may attract fitter crickets. |
| B．Crickets are suitable to be indicators in mines. |
| C．Different species of crickets may sound different alarms. |
| D．The species of crickets are strongly related to the environment. |
| A．To enrich the methods of monitoring the crickets. |
| B．To arouse people’s awareness of protecting crickets. |
| C．To correct the previous wrong recognition of crickets. |
| D．To help humans easily monitor environmental changes. |
| A．Canaries: miners’ good helpers. |
| B．How crickets are distributed in tropical areas. |
| C．Crickets: an early indicator of tropical ecosystem health. |
| D．Why cricket chirps are collected on Grande Terre Island. |
