1 . Despite the difficulties, the California coastal ecosystem is improving, largely thanks to the huge appetite sea otters (海獭) have for crabs. In a creative study, scientists revealed the return of otters to their former habitat in a Central California river mouth has slowed the decrease of the area’s river banks by up to 90%. “It would cost tens of millions of dollars for humans to rebuild these stream banks and restore these rivers. The otters are stabilizing them for free, in exchange for an all-you-can-eat crab feast,” said biology professor Brian Silliman, Ph. D. at Duke University.

Like many California river mouths, Elkhorn once was a habitat for otters, which need to eat around 20 to 25 pounds of food every day, with crabs being one of their favorite meals. But after fur traders hunted the local otter population nearly to extinction, the number of crabs exploded over the next century. Crabs dig into salt river soil, and over time can cause a salt river to wear away and collapse. Today, years after the otters returned, rivers and stream banks became more stable.

Angelini, one of the study’s authors, said that tool is an encouraging sign for her team as they face similar threats to Florida’s coastlines from sea level rise, storms, and extra nutrients overflowing into coastal waters. “All these seem unsurmountable,” Angelini said. “However, this study shows that, if we truly understand the ecosystem and know what tools to use, we can see significant benefits to the health and stability of these systems.”

The research team conducted large-scale surveys across 13 tidal (潮汐的) streams, as well as small-scale field experiments at five locations around the river mouth over a six-year period. Otters were not included in some lest sites but allowed to be used in others, using a caging system designed by Angelini.

“And all these years later, we now see these amazing results. It’s an inspiring story about the benefits of conservation and persistent, long-term research,” Angelini said.

1. What does Brian Silliman think of the function of sea otters?

A．It’s complex.	B．It’s expensive.
C．It’s effective.	D．It’s inefficient.

2. What made the sea otters in Elkhorn nearly die out?

A．The collapse of salt rivers.

B．The hunting for their fur.

C．The decrease of the sea crabs.

D．The pollution of their habitat.

3. What does the underlined word “unsurmountable” probably mean?

A．Hard to understand.	B．Difficult to deal with.
C．Impossible to avoid.	D．Dangerous to settle.

4. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The process of the research.

B．The purpose of the research.

C．The limitation of the research.

D．The discovery of the research.

2 . As an only child, Renae often felt _________. But that all changed when she turned ten. For her birthday, Renae’s grandmother _________ her with a lovely puppy named Chloe. From then on, the two were _________. Every bit of love Renae gave, the little dog returned more. “She was such a sweet dog,” Renae says. “She’d lick your face forever if you didn’t stop her.”

When Renae was 14, her father got a new job and the house needed to be free of noise. “Chloe liked barking,” Renae says. “I didn’t want to lose my dog but I didn’t have any _________ as a kid.” With no easier _________, the family sent Chloe to a humane society(动物保护协会). Though they were _________ that the dog would find a new home with people who loved her, they couldn’t know for sure. “I called the humane society to try to _________ what happened to her, but they couldn’t tell me anything. So, I never knew,” Renae says _________.

Later, Renae grew up, got married, and had a child. But her family didn’t feel quite _________. Remembering the joy that having a dog had brought her as a kid, Renae wanted her daughter to __________ the same. She had it in her mind that she would __________ a puppy. One day she saw a post on Facebook about a senior dog that needed a new home. The dog in the photograph looked like Chloe-she was even named Chloe. In an __________ it was decided: she would adopt it. “When we met, she ran up to me and started __________ my face. I was crying,” Renae says. “I just knew in my heart that it was her.” After years of thinking she’d never see her dog again, Renae is __________ to have her back. “I get so excited to come home and see her,” she says. “__________ Chloe, she’s made herself right at home,” Renae says. “And why shouldn’t she? She knows that she’ll be with me forever.”

1.

A．anxious

B．embarrassed

C．responsible

D．lonely

2.

A．reminded

B．attracted

C．surprised

D．pressed

3.

A．flexible

B．horrible

C．generous

D．inseparable

4.

A．choice

B．measure

C．benefit

D．loss

5.

A．conclusion

B．decision

C．tradition

D．inspiration

6.

A．impressed

B．typical

C．optimistic

D．sensitive

7.

A．take out

B．find out

C．drop out

D．put out

8.

A．disappointedly

B．crazily

C．excitedly

D．amazingly

9.

A．complete

B．original

C．current

D．formal

10.

A．accomplish

B．attempt

C．experience

D．observe

11.

A．adapt

B．adopt

C．acquire

D．abuse

12.

A．instant

B．incident

C．individual

D．instruction

13.

A．hugging

B．patting

C．licking

D．stressing

14.

A．motivated

B．astonished

C．alarmed

D．delighted

15.

A．As long as

B．As well as

C．As with

D．As for

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

In a very cold January, a puppy wandered around Mr. Lacey’s house, where he lived with his wife Mamie and their daughter Doris. Icicles (冰锥) hung three feet or more from the roofs of houses and snow swallowed up cars.

The puppy had been abandoned, and it made its way down the road toward the Laceys’ small house, with its ears down and trembling from shyness and cold. Doris, whose school had been called off because of the snow, was clearing the steps when she spotted the puppy on the road.

“Come on, little dog!” she called it over. The puppy shyly wagged its tail when Doris approached. As soon as Doris put the dog down in the kitchen, her mom, Mrs. Lacey, asked where the dog came from. Mr. Lacey, who was cleaning his fingernails with his pocketknife at the table, said, “I don’t know where it came from, but I know for sure where it’s going.” Doris hugged the puppy hard against her. She said nothing.

Because of the snowy weather, Mr. Lacey couldn’t take the puppy to the shelter right away. So, it stayed in the basement, and Doris fed it leftovers, even though her mom didn’t want to waste food. Doris thought the puppy was around six months old and would be quite noisy sometimes. Surprisingly, the puppy behaved well, didn’t cry or make trouble in the basement, and only followed Doris upstairs when she invited it. Doris often found it on the basement steps listening to the kitchen talk and smelling the food. She felt the puppy wanted company.

Even after a week, Doris didn’t name the dog, knowing her parents wouldn’t let her keep it. Her father made so little money that any pets were out of the question. Desperate to keep the dog, Doris tried to convince her parents by praising the dog’s good behavior and expressing her love for it, but her parents didn’t give a definite answer.

Despite her efforts, Doris secretly wished the bad weather would never go away, fearing the puppy’s unavoidable trip to the shelter. However, nine days after the dog had arrived, the sun was shining.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Doris knew it was time to say goodbye to the dog and felt rather worried.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Doris put her hand to her mouth and couldn’t believe what she had heard.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . We were living in Kentucky. My two sons kept asking me to adopt a dog. Honestly, I_________to do so. However, with my sons’ endless requests, I finally_________a trip to an animal center.

Actually, I was not in the mood for a pet, for I was struggling with_________. We’d just moved to Kentucky. I was having trouble_________. I missed my parents and friends.

While wandering around the center, I noticed a little dog curled up(蜷缩)in the corner, shaking. Obviously, she was having a(n)_________time. The dog called Princess just came the day before. The voices of people and barks of other dogs clearly_________her. I wanted to take the poor thing in. However, my husband suggested having a look at all the dogs before our_________. Surprisingly, my two sons agreed to_________Princess. So finally, we took her home.

Princess was quiet in the first few days, but_________she settled into her new home. In a strange way, knowing I had a "friend" with a(n)__________experience made me feel better.

One day, I was ill, missing my previous home more. Princess stayed with me quietly. Her__________helped keep my mind off my problems. Soon, I recovered. Since then, Princess and I have fully__________each other.

A few months after Princess came, I__________a lot. I stopped losing myself in the__________. I made friends and enjoyed visiting places in a(n)__________way.

1.

A．failed

B．preferred

C．hesitated

D．prepared

2.

A．missed

B．promised

C．imagined

D．doubted

3.

A．poverty

B．childcare

C．competition

D．homesickness

4.

A．learning

B．adapting

C．planning

D．travelling

5.

A．enjoyable

B．peaceful

C．difficult

D．independent

6.

A．upset

B．disappointed

C．confused

D．inspired

7.

A．journey

B．decision

C．exchange

D．experiment

8.

A．choose

B．reward

C．ignore

D．check

9.

A．strangely

B．gradually

C．commonly

D．accidentally

10.

A．painful

B．memorable

C．adventurous

D．similar

11.

A．company

B．courage

C．illness

D．character

12.

A．waited for

B．thought of

C．connected with

D．dreamed of

13.

A．worked

B．regretted

C．listened

D．changed

14.

A．mistake

B．past

C．achievement

D．friendship

15.

A．green

B．quiet

C．cheerful

D．influential

5 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the speaker?

A．An astronaut.

B．A TV reporter.

C．A radio hostess.

2. What will the weather be like on Saturday?

A．Sunny.

B．Windy.

C．Rainy.

3. When will the weather warm up again to 18 degrees?

A．Next Tuesday.

B．Next Monday.

C．This Sunday.

4. What does the speaker advise the listeners to do on damp days?

A．Stay indoors.

B．Put away warm coats.

C．Take umbrellas along anytime.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Shiping County is located in the south of Yunnan Province, northwest of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, with     1     area of 3,037 square kilometers. According to the     2     (statistic) in 2016, the total population of Shiping was more than 316,000, of which Yi, Dai and Hani     3     (minor) groups accounted for more than 50%.

Since ancient times, great importance     4     (attach) to education and culture in Shiping, which gives birth to     5     (talent) people from generation to generation.     6     (know) for its cultural heritage, Shiping holds a special reputation     7     “the land of literature in the south of Yunnan” and “the hometown of Number One Scholars”. Haicai Songs, Dance with Cigarette cases, and Black Copper Silver process are included in the national intangible cultural heritage list. Moreover,     8     attract foodies most are the famous Tofu and barbecue. It is also worth mentioning that Yilong Lake, surrounded by a     9     (careful) designed bike lane, has gained popularity among cyclists at home and abroad. In a word, if you are looking for a low-cost, peaceful and relaxing spot     10     (enjoy) a few leisurely days, Shiping won’t let you down!

7 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

With the tourism    1    (develop), people are becoming increasingly concerned    2    the environment. Here in our city, there is a heated discussion about whether a hotel should    3    (build) at White Beach. The owner of the company thinks the hotel would attract more tourists,     4    will help the local economy.    5    , the local people worry that constructing the hotel is not eco-friendly,     6    (particular) the turtles. Admitting the various    7    (benefit) from the hotel, they still have many concerns about the surroundings     8     they have been living for many years. It is    9    unavoidable problem that increased tourist numbers will consume more natural resources, at the same time, more waste and pollution    10    ( release).

8 . In the rich countries of the West, the electric vehicle revolution is well underway. Climate-conscious consumers drive Teslas or Polestars for reasons of morality and fashion. Poorer countries are also experiencing a wave of electrified trend. In Bangladesh, electric three-wheeler taxis, known as tuk-tuks, are rapidly replacing gas-powered ones on the streets. Such electric vehicles are climate friendly, cost effective, and help reduce air pollution.

Yet a glance under the hood (引擎盖) of these vehicles reveals a poisonous secret: each tuk-tuk runs on five massive lead-acid batteries, containing almost 300 pounds of lead in total. Every year and a half or so, when those batteries need to be replaced and recycled, about 60 pounds of lead leak into the environment. Battery recycling, often at small-scale unregulated factories, is a highly profitable but deadly business.

Lead is dangerous, and any exposure to it is harmful to human health. Lead that has entered the environment hurts people on an extraordinary scale. The numerous ways lead enters air, water, soil, and homes across the developing world — and the enormous damage it does to human health, wealth, and welfare — causes one of the biggest environmental crises in the world yet receives little attention.

The World Bank estimates that lead kills 5. 5 million people per year, which would make it a bigger global killer than AIDS, malaria, diabetes, and road traffic deaths combined. On top of the shocking deaths, the social burden of lead poisoning is extraordinary, as is its contribution to global inequality — our research on the cognitive effects of lead poisoning suggests that it may explain about one-fifth of the educational achievement gap between rich and poor countries.

But unlike many challenges faced by developing countries, lead poisoning is a problem that is fixable with some attention and a relatively modest financial investment. Better monitoring, research, and rules can help protect children all over the world from the dreadful effects of lead poisoning and reduce the massive global costs it brings.

1. How does the author describe the lead problem in paragraph 2?

A．By making a comparison.	B．By analyzing hidden causes.
C．By listing convincing numbers.	D．By explaining its working principle.

2. What can we learn from the text?

A．Lead enters rich countries in various ways.

B．Lead poisoning may make poor societies poorer.

C．Exposure to lead doesn’t necessarily harm someone.

D．Lead leaking has caused great panic in both countries.

3. What can be done to solve lead poisoning in developing countries?

A．Fixing these used batteries.	B．Putting certain effort and money.
C．Prohibiting the illegal use of lead.	D．Reducing the cost of recycling lead.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．The Impacts of Lead Poisoning on Human Health

B．The Outcomes of Using Electric Vehicles

C．The Ways to Solve Lead Problem

D．The Global Lead Poisoning Crisis

9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the woman going to do after school?

A．Go to her uncle’s house.

B．Adopt a little cat.

C．Buy some food for herself.

2. Why does the man refuse the woman’s invitation?

A．He doesn’t feel well.

B．He needs to look after his mother.

C．He has to go to the pet clinic.

3. How many cats does the man have now?

A．One.

B．Two.

C．Three.

10 . 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Hangzhou is a city lying in Zhejiang Province, eastern China.     1     (be) an important southern stop of the Grand Canal that goes to Beijing, the city of Hangzhou is just     2     wonder and must-see scenic place to tourists.

As one of China’s seven ancient     3     (capital), Hangzhou has a history of more than two thousand years. It     4     (describe) by Italian traveler Marco Polo as the finest and most luxurious city in the world. The large number of scenic areas in Hangzhou can satisfy everyone’s     5     (curious). The West Lake scenic area,     6     contains over 60 cultural relic sites and several attractions of natural beauty, is no doubt the most famous. Taking a walk by the lake, you’ll feel the     7     (peace) atmosphere of the city and better understand its time-honored fame as “Heaven on Earth”.

Traveling to Hangzhou is also a chance     8     (experience) the happy and relaxing lifestyles of local people and enjoy delicious Hangzhou’s dishes, like the Beggar’s Chicken, West Lake Fish and Dongpo Pork. At night, the city     9     (have) much to offer. Choosing a tea-house overlooking the West Lake for a pleasant chat over a cup of tea is sure to make you feel     10     (total) relaxed and refreshed.