When I was 15, I followed Roy to the deep mountain in search of astragalus root(黄芪), which is a rare and valuable plant.
We searched the plant for a whole day, but without luck. We found nothing. As it got dark, I asked Roy to go back, but he refused and said, “I would rather sleep on the mountain tonight and continue to search tomorrow! ”
I desired to go home but I lacked the courage to go back alone, so I chose to stay and help Roy put up a simple tent under a tree. It was freezing cold on the mountain and there were scores of mosquitoes, which made it impossible for us to have a good sleep. What’s worse, we heard a wolf howling nearby! I was so scared.
“I heard that wolves bully(欺负)the weak and fear the strong, ” Roy told me. “Let’s strike the shovel(铲子)and shout to scare it away! ” He found a stone and started to strike the shovel. And then he shouted as he struck the shovel. Inspired, I followed him to shout loudly. Half an hour later, I felt cold all over the body. And the cold air on the mountain made that worse. My stomach began to ache. I lay in the tent, shivering, sweating and then falling unconscious. Roy was shocked with panic. He called my name screamingly, but I just made no response. He tried to put me on his back to carry me home but without success. At last, he went out and found some tree branches and blocked up the entrance to our tent with them. Then, he ran to the direction of our village as fast as he could.
Not knowing how much time went by, I heard some sounds approaching near. I thought it was Roy but I didn’t hear him saying anything. In a shock, I sat up with a rush. At that moment, my eyes had adjusted to the darkness. Through a hole of our tent, I saw two animals like dogs removing the tree branches with their mouths and claws. They were wolves!
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
Paragraph 1:
Their sudden appearance shocked me and a cold sweat broke out all over my body.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Strangely, I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a flash.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . As a young girl, having read stories of men conquering Mount Everest and rowing across the Atlantic, I dreamed of doing something really adventurous. However, I believed that to be a successful adventurer you had to be a man. Years later I was to disprove this belief by becoming the first British woman to walk to the Magnetic North Pole.
In 1995 I was reading a newspaper in the garden, when I spotted a feature which said: “WANTEND ten novice arctic explorers”—to take part in an expedition to walk 350 miles to the Magnetic North Pole.
I recognized immediately that this was the opportunity I had been waiting for. The ad went on to describe the qualities that the organizers were looking for: the ability to work in a team, and the ability to raise £15, 000. I was prepared to do this because I wanted to know if I could survive in the Arctic. There was no reason to delay so I sent off for more details. When the brochure arrived, the most significant thing that hit me were the words on the front page. Are you man enough for the Ultimate Challenge?
Immediately my mind raced back to those books I had read all those years ago as a child, about all those men who had been successful adventurers. Only men could be successful adventurers. I was angry. Suddenly that became all the motivation I needed to follow up on this opportunity. “I’ll show them,” I thought to myself. “If they think only men can do this, I am going to prove them wrong.”
1. What was the author’s dream when young?| A．To be a success. | B．To be a man. |
| C．To be an adventurer. | D．To write adventurous stories. |
| A．Co-operation. | B．Survival skills. |
| C．Money-making ability. | D．Adventure experiences. |
| A．Racial prejudice. | B．Sex discrimination. |
| C．Books offending women. | D．Unfairness in society. |
| A．Hard work will pay off. | B．Practice makes perfect. |
| C．Women can do what men do. | D．Every trade has its master. |
3 . The 2021 winners of a major international environmental award have just been announced, and the list includes a Vietnamese conservationist who’s known for his vital work helping protect the pangolin (穿山甲) — the world’s most trafficked animal.
Van Nguyen grew up near Cuc Phuong National Park and, as a child, watched poachers (偷猎者) removing pangolin from their holes. “I saw a mum (pangolin), rolling into a ball to protect her baby.” Nguyen decided to make pangolin conservation his life’s work.
Nguyen set out to stop poaching and educate the Vietnamese public on the importance of pangolin conservation in order to reverse the condition of the pangolins. His efforts began with an education campaign. Nguyen also opened the Carnivore and Pangolin Education Center, the first of its kind in Vietnam, in order to provide wildlife conservation courses for students and the general public. Nguyen didn’t stop there; he established Vietnam’s first Asian Pangolin Rehabilitation (康复) Center.
Nguyen even worked with poachers to ask them to take him into the forest and show him how they track and catch pangolins. He also visited markets, restaurants, and doctors of traditional medicine to learn more about the demand for pangolins. In 2018, Nguyen created Vietnam’s first-ever anti-poaching unit. Nguyen has also looked to global strategies and worked with the management authority of the CITES to ban international trade for animals most threatened with extinction.
As one of the few people in the world working on pangolin conservation and rehabilitation, Nguyen is filling a necessary and important space for understanding and protecting this critically endangered animal.
1. What made Nguyen start pangolin protection?| A．His love for pangolins. | B．A childhood experience. |
| C．Serious pangolin poaching. | D．The importance of pangolins. |
| A．Worsen. | B．Analyze. | C．Change. | D．Maintain. |
| A．To report them to the police. | B．To learn about the market demand. |
| C．To understand their tricks. | D．To get pangolins to safer places. |
| A．Taking Action: Stories of Pangolin |
| B．Pangolins: A Critically Endangered animal |
| C．Saving Pangolins: Van Nguyen’s Life Mission |
| D．Van Nguyen: An Environmental Award Winner |
4 . Antarctica is the highest, driest, and coldest place on Earth. It is also the remotest, a fact which demystifies its unspoiled environment. It is difficult for people to get there, and not a comfortable place for people to stay once they arrive. It is widely described as the last true wilderness on our planet.
The cold climate is responsible for maintaining the continent’s year-round ice fields: They never melt. Even though Antarctica receives more sunlight than the equator, the temperatures are lower because the ice sheet reflects the heat back into space. Thus, the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in July, 1983. Soviet scientists shivered (瑟瑟发抖) through temperatures that fell to minus 89.2 degrees Celsius.
Once completely inaccessible, Antarctica has more recently been playing host to adventurers seeking excitement, scientists interested in experimenting, and companies looking to exploit this wild zone for profit: gold, uranium and oil are just some of the valuable resources which lie beneath the continent’s icy covering.
For centuries, Europeans wondered about the existence of a South-pole continent, but no one actually knew for certain Antactica was there until 1820 when European explorers “discover” it. Since then, men have gone to Antarctica in search of adventure. Testing their abilities, several teams of explorers set out in 1911 to be the first men to stand at the South Pole.
Yet, Antarctica’s fragile and complicated ecosystem is threatened by its human visitors. Damage to the environment occurs as people come looking for resources beneath the ice, or carelessly leave their garbage behind. Currently, countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica’s environment is minimized, and that the last wilderness on Earth will remain an unspoiled place.
1. What does the underlined word “demystifies” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Does harm to. | B．Lies in. | C．Accounts for. | D．Stays away from. |
| A．To make a comparison with other places. | B．To show Soviet scientists’ fearless spirits. |
| C．To stress the freezing weather of Antarctica. | D．To explain the reason for Antarctica’s cold climate. |
| A．In the late eighteenth century. | B．In the early eighteenth century. |
| C．In the early nineteenth century. | D．In the late twentieth century. |
| A．Measures are being taken to protect Antarctica. |
| B．Antarctica’s eco-system has been destroyed by men. |
| C．People visiting Antarctica leave garbage on purpose. |
| D．In the icy covering are buried few precious resources. |
The Lion Rock mountain stands not only as one of the most famous scenic spots in Hong Kong,
The Lion Rock spirit has also
Cui created Lion Rock in Hong Kong, a colored ink painting. In his painting, Cui depicts (描绘) the cliffs of the Lion Rock, surrounded by blooming trees and
6 . Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation, Velasquez-Garcia said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”
The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to go to actually grow a table, the team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves.
Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velasquez-Garcia. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.”
There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3 D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together.
Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic (战略上的) about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more yield for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”
Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velasquez-Garcia, are speaking for the trees.
1. What does the author think of growing furniture according to Paragraph 1?| A．It turns out to be convenient. |
| B．It’ll cut down daily expense. |
| C．It might have a bright future. |
| D．It’s as important as making furniture. |
| A．Risk. | B．Fancy. | C．Remove. | D．Delay. |
| A．To make large profits. |
| B．To keep biodiversity. |
| C．To increase production. |
| D．To use wild resources. |
| A．Wide use of new biomaterials. |
| B．Less use of wood products and paper. |
| C．Making effective forest laws. |
| D．Caring more for the environment. |
7 . We all need to do our part to reduce the effects of climate change by reducing our carbon footprint, and the best way to do that isn’t by switching to LED lightbulbs, driving hybrid cars, or even recycling. It’s by changing our diets to include less meat and more plants. One way to do that is by swapping your beef, chicken, and poultry for plant-based meat.
There’s no question that so-called meatless meat wins when we take the health of our planet into consideration. Plant-based meat, like all foods, has some impact on the environment, but it doesn’t come close to having the sort of impact on the planet that meat does.
Studies have shown that it takes between 2,000 and 8,000 gallons of water to produce a single pound of beef; in contrast, it takes only about 300 gallons to produce one pound of tofu. Plus, livestock (牲畜) production contributes to more groundwater pollution.
And the Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems study found that plant-based meat’s greenhouse gas emissions were 34 percent lower than farmed fish, 43 percent lower than poultry, 63 percent lower than pig, 87 percent lower than beef from dairy cows, and 93 percent lower than beef from beef herds.
But plant-based meat isn’t perfect. All food production requires resources. According to Mark Hyman, MD, the author of Food Fix, most of the environmental concerns around fake meat have to do with industrial farming—particularly the use of ploughing, which destroys soil carbon.
Whether or not meals made with vegetarian meat are better for your body than animal products depends on the recipe. Think about it this way: A steamed chicken breast may be worse for the planet, but it’s better for your body than an Impossible Burger. But an Impossible Burger may be better than a thick piece of beef.
Dr. Hyman wants people to keep in mind that these plant-based meat alternatives are highly processed foods, which are something we should be staying away from, not increasing, in our diets. “Coca-Cola and Doritos are plant-based,” he says. “That doesn’t mean they’re healthy.”
1. What does the underlined word “swapping” in paragraph one probably mean?| A．Curving. | B．Wrapping. | C．Exchanging. | D．Referring. |
| A．To show that developing the plant-based meat can protect environment. |
| B．To show that developing the plant-based meat can save water. |
| C．To show that developing the plant-based meat never releases greenhouse gas. |
| D．To show that developing the plant-based meat can waste energy. |
| A．Plant-based meat is healthy for our body. |
| B．Plant-based meat is more eco-friendly. |
| C．livestock production does no harm to groundwater. |
| D．Highly processed foods are good choices. |
| A．Negative. | B．Positive. | C．Objective. | D．Subjective. |
Observing the Earth provides a wealth of information,
The program,
Several climate simulation
“Destination Earth is a key initiative for Europe’s green transitions. It will greatly improve our ability
9 . Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong and sympathetic? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”. In Chinese culture, tigers symbolize power, energy, protection, generosity and unpredictability.
Tigers have an important cultural significance not just in China, but across Asia. In the book Life of Pi, Canadian writer Yann Martel chose a Bengal tiger as the partner for Indian boy Pi on his survival adventure in the Pacific Ocean.
In the West, lions are considered as the king of all beasts. Brave warriors were given the name “the lion”. But tigers are also seen as a very powerful animal.
Just like tigers serve as a symbol of protection in Chinese culture, I do hope my favorite animal will live freely in the eco-friendly environment.
| A．Tigers mostly live in Asia |
| B．They are fearless creatures |
| C．If you want someone to calm down |
| D．One of my favorite animals is tiger |
| E．While you are afraid of this fierce animal |
| F．Another example is French fashion brand KENZO |
| G．I also expect to protect their habitats from further destruction |
10 . On September 29, 2021, the US Fish and Wildlife Service declared it would be removing 23 species from its Endangered Species Act, including the ivory-billed woodpecker, various Hawaiian birds and freshwater fish, not because they had been pulled back from the edge of extinction, but because the USFWS believed these species would never recover, and were most likely extinct, therefore not requiring protection.
In April, 195 countries are getting together in China for a UN conference to discuss global agreements to protect nature and biodiversity, with the hope of finalizing an agreement to safeguard plants, animals, and ecosystems. However, the new strain (毒株) of Covid-19, Omicron, has potentially thrown the plans into a mess, and negotiators may switch to online talks if travel restrictions to China are put in place again.
“We can't go another four months without any progress” said Georgina Chandler, senior international policy officer at the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Conservationists are urging the talks to go ahead — online if necessary — as the biodiversity crisis shows no sign of slowing up.
“Nature loss has not gone away and threatens both human lives and the global economy,” said Lin Li, director of global policy at the organization. “With one million species currently in danger of extinction, delaying action is not an option.”
Improving conservation and management of natural areas, such as oceans, forests, and wildernesses is crucial to safeguarding the ecosystems on which humans depend. However, forests are still being devastated, often for farming or commercial use. As trees absorb about a third of planet-warming emissions produced worldwide, stopping deforestation is key. At COP26 in Glasgow last November, world leaders plan to invest $19 billion in public and private funds to protect and restore global forests.
It’s easy to feel disheartened by the disappointing news, but the only way to stop more species suffering the same fate is to pay attention and take actions.
1. Why would the 23 species be removed from the Act?| A．Because they are less endangered. |
| B．Because they have already died out. |
| C．Because more fund is in need to protect them. |
| D．Because nothing can save them from extinction. |
| A．Take immediate actions. |
| B．Put off the conference. |
| C．Have online talks. |
| D．Improve global economy. |
| A．Abandoned. | B．Destroyed. | C．Rearranged. | D．Disturbed. |
| A．To explain why some species have disappeared. |
| B．To recommend ways to protect and restore forests. |
| C．To describe the present situation of global ecosystem. |
| D．To call for attention and action against biodiversity crisis. |
