2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you went looking for a     1     (differ) planet, from Earth as you could find, you wouldn't have to go all that far, at least in space terms. Just look to     2     fifth planet in our, solar system, Jupiter. This gas giant has no solid surface. Its diameter (直径) is more than 11 times as great as Earth's. Its mass is more than twice than     3     of all the other planets in. the solar system combined. Jupiter's atmosphere is covered with bands of clouds and filled with vast     4     (spin) storms. The most famous of these is the Great Red Spot,     5     is so big that Earth could fit inside it.

Jupiter is also a planet full of     6    (puzzle). Those thick bands of clouds hide. what is happening inside the planet. Is there water? How much? Does Jupiter have a solid center? And then there's the question of just what     7     (drive) those monster storms.

Nine spacecrafts     8     (send) to study Jupiter by now. The most recent was Juno, which arrived at the planet in July 2016. It will orbit this gas giant at least until July 2021. When the spacecraft     9     (final) retires, its Earth-bound pilots will send it on a path to dive to its     10     (dead) into the Jupiter's atmosphere.

3 . Modeste Traore has lived his whole life near Lake Wegnia, in the Sahel area of Mali. The lake’s fish have provided him with a way to earn money to support his extended family. How-ever, because he can’t catch enough fish to feed his family, he now raises farm animals. But as temperatures rise, evaporation increases, making the body of water shrinks. Studies have linked rising temperatures on Earth’s surface to climate change.

The lake is shrinking, so are the chances of his children becoming fishermen. “If things go on like this, I don’t think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs,” the 56-year-old Traore said. “During the rainy season, there is a lot of water but as soon as it’s over, there is no water left in the lake. We are fishermen. I don’t think our children will be,” he said.

Lake Wegnia is in the Sahel region of Koulikoro, around 120 kilometers north of Mali’s capital, Bamako. Some 12,000 people, including fishermen and farmers, depend on it for food, water and employment. But the lake has shrunk by 20 percent since 2017.

The UN expects temperatures there to increase 1.5 times higher than the average increase worldwide. UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population growth can lead to conflict.

Aid group is leading the Eco-Lac Wegnia project. The group is working to improve water management and fight the effects of global warming. Moussa Savagodo is Eco-Lac Wegnia’s local representative. He says that failing to make changes quickly can mean the lake will disappear completely in less than 5 years.

People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi-Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years. And they are better controlling their water by building stone barriers to help the soil keep the rain that does fall. The progress and international official support are not enough for them, however. More and more people are turning to other agriculture.

1. How did Traore work to support his family in the past?

A．By fishing.	B．By raising farm animals.
C．By taking charge of the lake.	D．By working as an environmentalist.

2. What effect will the current trend of the lake have according to Traore?

A．A lot of farmland will form.

B．The rainy season will end early.

C．Many fishermen will flee their homes.

D．The later generation will change their careers.

3. Which statement do the UN and Aid group agree with?

A．Drought and flood will directly cause conflict.

B．Reducing population is a way to protect the lake.

C．Water management makes no difference to the lake.

D．The rise in temperature will cause water resource problems.

4. What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．The local officials.	B．The Aid group members.
C．The villagers.	D．The representatives.

4 . Max’s Best Friend

Max wasn’t feeling well one morning after a snow. So when it was time to walk his three year old dog named Cal, he ______ to a nearby field and let her out.

But then Max found himself short of ______ and decided to walk back to his car. The 58-year-old man was ______ a mild heart attack. After only a few steps, he ______.

For about an hour Max lay face-down in the snow, taking a quick deep breath for ______. His body ______ dropped to 32℃. Although he was almost unconscious(失去知觉的), he was still ______ of Cal running ______ him, barking loudly.

______, about 180 meters away, Cal found Mike, who was removing the ______ from a backyard ice rink (溜冰场) that he had made for his kids. She ______ to him barking.

“She was jumping back and forth (来回) at me,” Mike says, “going one way, ______ the other, as if to say ‘Come on. Let’s go’. But I didn’t know what she was ______ that for.”

The dog wouldn’t stop barking. Looking around, Mike could see ______ in the distance. So he ran with Cal back to where Max ______. Seeing that Max needed ______, Mike ran home to call 911, then returned with a blanket, ______ Max and waited for the medical aid. Max was taken to a local ______ and later sent to St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto. He ______ eight days later.

“Without the ______ and Mike, I wouldn’t be here,” Max says.

1.

A．swam

B．drove

C．walked

D．rode

2.

A．minds

B．hands

C．breath

D．warmth

3.

A．treating

B．watching

C．suffering

D．preventing

4.

A．fell down

B．broke up

C．sat down

D．looked up

5.

A．wind

B．air

C．stop

D．rest

6.

A．weight

B．shape

C．temperature

D．size

7.

A．fond

B．afraid

C．proud

D．aware

8.

A．around

B．above

C．below

D．with

9.

A．Recently

B．Generally

C．Actually

D．Finally

10.

A．snow

B．earth

C．wood

D．rubbish

11.

A．climbed

B．traveled

C．ran

D．stepped

12.

A．skating

B．flying

C．turning

D．arriving

13.

A．thinking

B．doing

C．throwing

D．catching

14.

A．everything

B．anything

C．nothing

D．something

15.

A．lay

B．stood

C．sat

D．waited

16.

A．money

B．help

C．water

D．food

17.

A．raised

B．covered

C．carried

D．pushed

18.

A．cinema

B．hotel

C．café

D．clinic

19.

A．retired

B．replied

C．moved

D．recovered

20.

A．dog

B．car

C．telephone

D．blanket

5 . Welcome to South Pole

Is it cold?

Yes! Be very careful out in the open air! The temperature is between -21℃ in the summer and -78℃ in the winter, and you can become numb with cold without realizing. There’s heavy frost even on the warmest summer days, and if it’s quiet you can hear your breath freeze. So if you leave the station, dress warmly and carry dry clothing and a portable radio.

Is there anything good about the weather?

The air is very pure, and it doesn’t snow very much — only about four millimetres a year. There’s very little wind and the sky is usually clear. It’s possibly the calmest place on Earth.

Is it safe?

Because the South Pole is a high altitude site, the glare of the sunlight here is very terrible. It’s also reflected by the snow, so if you go outside, remember to wear sunglasses and use suncream. If you don’t, there’s a severe risk that you’ll damage your eyesight or get badly sunburnt.

What’s it like to live here?

Life is quite abnormal. Sunrise and sunset come once every six months, and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome, and for some, depressing. We’re totally isolated except for radio and electronic communications, as no aircraft can fly here for about eight months. Usual equipment doesn’t always work as it should do. If you use an electric drill, the power cord will snap. Photography is tricky too, as film is fragile and the camera battery doesn’t work in the cold.

1. Which word best describes the South Pole most of the time？

A．Cool.

B．Freezing.

C．Cloudy.

D．Windy.

2. What is it not necessary to take along to the South Pole?

A．Raincoats.

B．Sunglasses.

C．Dry clothes.

D．Electronic communications.

3. What’s the main purpose of the text?

A．To send an invitation.	B．To make a research.
C．To give some advice.	D．To introduce the South Pole.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scotland is a country in Great Britain, to the north of England. Edinburgh is the capital and Glasgow is     1     largest city. Scotland has    2     (rough) 800 islands, but people only live on some of them.

In the north of Scotland it is light until 11：30 p.m. In summer and in winter you can sometimes see the Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis,     3     are spectacular (壮观的) lights in the sky. Energy from the sun turns the Earth's sky green, red and other     4     (color)．

At public and     5     (culture) events you can often hear traditional Scottish music     6     (play) and see traditional Scottish dancing. Pipers play music on bagpipes, a Celtic wind instrument with pipes（管子） and a bag. Pipers and dancers usually wear kilts（短褶裙）, a traditional skirt     7     (wear) by men and women. Scots enjoy all types of music from folk     8     rock and pop, and festivals like “The Edinburgh Festival” or concerts like “T in the Park” are very popular.

The most popular sport in Scotland is football. Another popular game, golf     9     (invent) in Scotland in the Middle Ages. The famous Scottish Highland Games are a     10     (combine) of culture and sport and Highland Games are celebrated all over the world.

7 . Most people can't wait for spring to arrive. It means flowers and warmer weather, all welcome changes from the dark winter days. Now we know that spring is arriving sooner in the Northern Hemisphere   (北半球）than it was in the past, thanks to a study published in Scientific Reports.

For example, Los Angeles may experience spring only a day earlier than it did 10 years ago, but further north, in Seattle or Chicago, spring will arrive four days earlier. If you lived in the Arctic, spring could arrive 16 days earlier than it used to.

To determine how springtime is starting earlier, researchers looked at temperature records and 743 earlier studies over 86 years. These studies were about various biological indicators of spring, including birds migrating, plants flowering and amphibians（两栖动物）sounding their mating calls. Researchers then studied these data to see if they were occurring earlier. The result showed that not only is spring making itself known sooner but it's warmer, too.

Before you go out in a happy springtime hike, spring arriving sooner isn't so good. The livelihood of migratory birds, for instance, may be concerned.

“The food that birds rely on when they move to the north might not be reliable if the beginning of spring at these higher latitudes（维度）is expanded by future warming." said Eric Post. He is a fellow of the John Muir Institute and a polar ecologist.

Animals relying on Arctic sea ice, like polar bears, probably aren't crazy about things warming up sooner, either, because it impacts on their ability to hunt. Spring's early arrival could cause disorder in the delicate balance of various ecosystems~~not to mention how soon you'll need to buy allergy medicine.

1. We learn from the study published in Scientific Reports that.

A．spring comes earliest in Los Angeles

B．Los Angeles is further north than Seattle

C．spring comes 12 days earlier in Arctic than in Chicago

D．the further north a place lies, the sooner spring comes than before

2. Researchers made the discovery mainly by.

A．comparing related data available

B．conducting research and test

C．calculating the exact length of each spring

D．observing animal's behavior all year round

3. What do the last two paragraphs focus on?

A．Concerns over spring's early arrival.

B．Springtime emergence of creatures.

C．Early springtime's impacts on humans.

D．Disorder in the balance of ecosystems.

4. In which section of a magazine can we read this text?

A．Medical Report.	B．Survival Stories.
C．Scientific Discoveries.	D．Natural environment

8 . A severe drought(干旱) that has caused water levels in Southeast Asia's Mekong River to drop to their lowest in more than 100 years could have devastating(毁灭性的) consequences for fish, as well as the tens of millions of people living and working along the river, experts warn.

This year, the dry conditions in the Mekong region persisted(持续) due to warm Pacific Ocean currents(洋流)known as the EI Nino effect. But climate change is also a driving factor, experts say, causing the rainy season to shorten considerably. The situation was made worse by hydropower (水利发电)dam operators upstream, in China and Laos , with holding water for their own purposes.

Many rice farmers in the region have been unable to plant their main crop, raising fears 'of a heavily diminished harvest this fall. Less water flow could also have a devastating impact on fish reproduction in the Mekong River basin. Perhaps even more alarming, experts expect that droughts and disruptions(中断)to the water flow of the Mekong will become more common, and they warn that it could eventually lead to the ruin of the entire ecosystem.

Originating in the Tibetan highlands, the Mekong River flows through six Asian counties before emptying into the South China Sea. The river basin is home to the largest inland fishery in the world and more than 60 million people depend on it for their livelihoods.

Few rivers in the world rise and fall with the seasons as much as the Mekong, which can drop Few rivers in the world rise and fall with the seasons as much as the Mekong, which can drop up to40 feet in some places at the end of the dry season. When the rainy season arrives, they normally produce a flood pulse that brings with it sediment(沉淀) important to agriculture as well as huge amounts of tiny fish, including many critically endangered species such as the Mekong giant catfish, that are swept into the Tonle Sap Lake and other floodplains where they can mature.

1. What is true about the Mekong River?

A．The Mekong River basin is home to the largest fishery in the world.

B．The average depth of the Mekong River in the dry season is 40 feet.

C．The water of the Mekong River has fallen to the lowest level in history.

D．The Mekong River originates in China and flows into the South China Sea.

2. What is the paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The benefits of the Mekong River this year,

B．The climate change of the Mekong River this year.

C．The natural disasters of the Mekong River this year.

D．The reasons for the drought of Mekong River this year.

3. What does the underlined word “diminished” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Plentiful.

B．Decreasing.

C．Large.

D．Disappointing.

4. What's the attitude of experts to water flow of Mekong River in future?

A．Optimistic.

B．Neutral.

C．Worried.

D．Puzzled.

9 . Do you still remember the haze（雾霾）in the winter? So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze.     1    Here is advice for you to protect yourself in hazy weather.

Spend less time outdoors.This is the most effective way for self-protection in such bad weather.With PM2.5 increasing 103mg per cubic meter,residents will risk a 2.29% increase of death,which experts found out in 2012.If you have to get out,avoid riding bicycles.    2    

Close your windows.Experts advice residents to avoid opening windows at home.If you have to ,avoid the time when smog is at its densest（浓的）.    3    Besides,you can keep plants with broad leaves at home to absorb dust,and use air purifiers（清洁器）.

Smoke less.    4    In hazy weather,smoking would be even more harmful.Smokers are advised to keep their distance from cigarettes before the weather gets better.

    5    For example ,wear special masks outside to avoid breathing in PM2.5.Then take off your coat after getting indoors and keep it away from your other clean clothes,Don’t forget to wash your face,rinse（漱）your mouth,and clean your nasal cavity（鼻腔）to clean the particulate matters（颗粒物）that fall on you.Last but not least,keep off stimulating（刺激性）foods.

A．Wear masks.

B．Pay attention to other daily things.

C．Also avoid rush hours,when pollutants will be denser.

D．That’s because haze does harm to the health of people.

E．Cigarettes could cause more particulate matters,which are included in PM2.5 .

F．Take more fruits and vegetables instead,which are good for lung,spleen（脾）and kidney（肾）.

G．For residents who use air-conditioner,make sure your apartment has enough oxygen indoors.

10 . 随着人们环保意识的提高，越来越多的人选择低碳生活（low-carbon lifestyle）。假设你是校英语协会主席李华，请写一篇英语倡议书，从出行、购物、用水、用电四个方面倡议同学们选择低碳生活。   
注意：
1．词数；l20左右；     
2．开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数：
3．参考词汇：排放emission

Dear fellow students,

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Dear fellow students, let's take action right now!