1 . Michael Gonsalves, a chef of Golden Oak at Disney World, has a cuisine concept rooted in fresh, locally-sourced ingredients that originated from childhood harvesting produce from their family garden with his mom to eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney World Resorts to employ a sustainable model.
“Truly the whole process starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating one dish leads into the creation of many more through the end-to-end use of products. As chefs, they are always searching for the best ingredients. It is then their focus to ensure they appreciate and respect all that go into each and every one of them. For example, they source chicken that is naturally grown and fed on a natural plant forward diet, no hormones (激素) or additives — that’s used in many ways throughout menus from a simple grilled chicken breast to bone soup. Nothing goes to waste.
When they do have waste, even if minimal, they shift it from landfills to transform it into compost (堆肥) that’s then used across the Walt Disney World property. They also support Second Harvest, a local community food bank where healthy produce, prepared, but not served, meals eatable for human consumption are donated. Disney also works with pig farmers when they can’t distribute foods past the point of safety for human consumption. Besides, wildlife reservations love to get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their operations are “on a path to a sustainable zero waste kitchen of tomorrow” where chefs learn the full-life cycle of plants from seed to plate and gain a better understanding and appreciation for the product and their craft.
Golden Oak at Disney has millions of bees that produce up to 300 pounds of honey per year, plus those bees help with cross pollination (授粉) of their gardens on a daily basis. They advocate a culture that helps develop not only the quality of food, but an appreciation for nature.
1. Where did Michael Gonsalves’ idea about cuisine come from?| A．His mom’s suggestions. | B．His dream of becoming a chef. |
| C．His interest in delicious food. | D．His labor experience as a child. |
| A．They are grilled to eat. | B．They are used to the fullest. |
| C．They are divided into groups. | D．They are selected by quality. |
| A．Give examples about zero waste. |
| B．Introduce the unique habit of wildlife. |
| C．Stress the importance of natural food. |
| D．Explain the operation mode of the food bank. |
| A．Disney World:New Cuisine Road |
| B．Michael Gonsalves:Creative Chef |
| C．Michael Gonsalves:Advocate of Food Diversity |
| D．Disney World:Pioneer in Environmental Protection |
3 . How many times have you gone outside only to get your foot stuck in chewing gum (口香糖) on the sidewalk, or discovered a mass of Bubbalicious beneath (在……之下) a table or desk? As far as environmental pollution goes, chewing gum is far from our largest problem —but for the average pedestrian (行人), it could well be among the most annoying.
Chewing gum causes plenty of messes for local governments, too. When people leave their used gum on sidewalks, it’s up to cities to pay for clean-up efforts: in the United Kingdom it costs about 150 million pounds every year to cover the costs of removing the sticky gum from public walkways and facilities.
But 25-year-old Anna Bullus has come up with a solution that could turn those used pieces of bright pink gum a lovely shade of green. She spent eight months collecting old gum and working with it in a lab, eventually creating a ball from the material, which she mixed with other materials to create the Bullus Recycled Gum Polymer (BRGP)
“Yes, everyone thought I was mad and a little bit disgusting,” she told The Guardian. But Bullus’ effort has paid off. she’s used the BRGP to create pink bubble-shaped bins (垃圾箱) which can be used to collect used pieces of gum. She’s set up her “bubble bins” around Orpington College as a trail, but hopes to roll them out in more locations before long. Once the bins are full, both the bins and the gum inside them will be recycled to produce more BRGP— at which point, the possibilities are almost endless.
“The amazing thing is that you can use it for any plastic product.” Bullus said. “I’d love to do some waterproof boots, for example. Gum boots, in fact.”
1. What does the author say about chewing gum in Paragraph 2?| A．It is a bad habit. | B．It is hard to be removed. |
| C．It is very popular in the U. K. | D．It is the government’s headache. |
| A．It’s a tool used to collect waste. | B．It’s a new brand of chewing gum |
| C．It’s a mixture of recyclable materials. | D．It’s a product only made from used gum |
| A．Creative and determined. | B．Wise and lucky. |
| C．Honest and helpful. | D．Active and Humorous. |
| A．As for environmental pollution, chewing gum has been the largest problem so far. |
| B．An idea struck Anna that she could make full use of the used gum. |
| C．In many people’s opinion, it is not a good idea to collect used gum and work with it. |
| D．To some degree, Anna has managed to handle the problem of chewing gum. |
There’s just a l-in-3.700,000 chance that a person will be killed by
A team of biologists
“Usually, great white sharks
“They eat seals every day and bites on people are
1. What do we know about the area?
| A．Lightning strikes mostly in December. |
| B．The people there worry about getting hit. |
| C．The area is near the Andes Mountains. |
| A．The Never-Ending Storm of Catatumbo. |
| B．The Lightning Capital of the World. |
| C．The Light of Venezuela. |
| A．One in three per year. | B．One in 12,000 per year. | C．80% of people who live there. |
| A．He’s scared of storms. |
| B．He’ll never visit Venezuela. |
| C．He’d be careful if he lived in the area. |
6 . As Climate Changes, Global Inequality Worsens
Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate change will have the biggest impact on the world’s poorest, most vulnerable people. New research now indicates that this has already happened over the last several decades.
A study published this May in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that in most poor countries, higher temperatures are more than 90% likely to have resulted in decreased economic output, compared to a world without global warming. Meanwhile, the effect has been less dramatic in wealthier nations - with some even potentially benefiting from higher temperatures.
“We’re not arguing that global warming created inequality,” says Noah S. Diffenbaugh, the author of the study and professor at Stanford University who studies climate change. But “global warming has put a drag on improvement.” The countries most likely to have lost out economically as a result of warmer temperatures have done the least to contribute to the problem, he adds.
Higher temperatures affect economic output in a variety of ways. For example, labor productivity decreases with extreme heat, crops produce lower yields and cognitive functioning declines.
The new study builds on past research, including a landmark report released last fall from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN’s climate science body. The report showed that if global temperatures rise more than 1.5℃ by 2099, poor countries will likely face critical challenges, including the destruction of entire communities and millions of premature deaths.
Climate policymakers have tried for years to address the problem of the poorest countries facing the worst effects of rising temperatures. These countries were not generally responsible for global warming. Early attempts at addressing climate change internationally included different expectations for emissions reduction based on each country’s level of development. Poorest countries received more leeway (自由行事的空间) while the richest were set stricter targets.
But in some ways, that approach backfired (起反效果), especially in the U. S. It helped feed the popular narrative that Washington is overpaying for climate change mitigation, while poorer countries are away with doing less. That conservative viewpoint has done some damage. Hardline distinctions between carbon reduction targets for rich and poor countries have been softened in recent years, in favor of a lighter version of what climate change policymakers refer to as “common but differentiated responsibilities.” That principle suggests that richer countries should bear a greater burden in addressing climate change, but remains vague about what that means for concrete policy.
Many of the world’s developing countries have cried foul. “This problem is created somewhere else,” Abdur Rouf Taiukder, Bangladesh’s Finance Scretary, told TIME in a recent interview. “We are spending more on adaptation because we have to live.”
1. Which of the following statement is true about the study published in May?| A．It warned the world about a speedup in global warming. |
| B．It explained a wider wealth gap between poor and rich countries. |
| C．It predicted a future where wealthy countries will benefit from climate change. |
| D．It pointed out that climate change has already caused the least developed countries to suffer. |
| A．leads to extreme heat that has disastrous effects on agricultural output |
| B．results in higher temperatures which cause workers to be less productive |
| C．causes people to become less efficient in learning and other intellectual activities |
| D．is the direct cause of unbalanced development of the most and least developed countries |
| A．description | B．reduction | C．consumption | D．interaction |
| A．climate policymakers from developed countries have reached an agreement on how to address climate change. |
| B．many Americans are against the uneven division of the responsibility for addressing climate change among countries |
| C．there has been a lack of clarity in whether the poorest countries should share any of the burdens that climate change has put on the world |
| D．the less developed countries in the world have refused to spend any money in dealing with climate change |
7 . For centuries humans believed the ocean was so vast that it was impossible to do it measurable harm. But we now know human activities can destroy marine (海洋的) habitats, dangerously pollute seawater and make sea environments more acidic. Overharvesting has even directly pushed many ocean species into the especially endangered category. This past March, the smooth handfish (光滑手鱼) officially became the first modern-day marine fish to be declared extinct.
Handfish are a family of 14 unusual bottom-living species. Unlike most other fishes, they do not have a larval phase (幼虫期) and do not move around very much as adults; these features make them sensitive to environmental changes, according to Graham Edgar, a marine ecologist at the University of Tasmania. The smooth handfish was once common enough to be one of the first fish species described by European explorers in Australia. Now none has been reported in over a century. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List guidelines officially define “extinct” as meaning “there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.” Edgar and the members of Australia’s National Handfish Recovery Team were forced to that conclusion earlier this year, and it was placed in the extinct category.
Scientists are unsure exactly what finished off the species, but others in the region are threatened by trawl fishing (拖网捕鱼), pollution and climate change. Edgar says additional marine fish species may already be extinct as well, and many more are endangered. “It might be hard to imagine why a little organism in a place that few humans ever visit might be important,” says Katie Matthews, chief scientist for the non-profit conservation group Oceana. “But biodiversity matters, even if you can’t see it with your own eyes.”
Ideally, this news will be a sad wakeup call: “Some remaining species of handfish are endangered,” Matthews says, “but with smart action we can lessen those threats.”
1. According to the text, which is NOT the problems caused by human activities to the ocean?| A．The habitats of marine creatures are damaged. |
| B．The seawater is heavily polluted. |
| C．The handfish are extinct completely. |
| D．The sea contains more acid than before. |
| A．National Handfish Recovery Team. |
| B．IUCN Red list. |
| C．The bottom-living species. |
| D．The smooth handfish. |
| A．Some species in rarely visited places are of little importance. |
| B．Measures should be taken to maintain the diversity of species. |
| C．It is too late to protect the endangered handfish. |
| D．Additional marine fish species may become extinct or endangered. |
| A．Human Activities. |
| B．A Marine Fish Extinction. |
| C．Species Diversity Conservation. |
| D．Marine Protection. |
8 . Around a bend (拐弯处) on a narrow trail that runs deep into the forest of Gabon’s Loango National Park, Kamaya comes into view. The huge silverback gorilla (大猩猩) coolly watches
Seated on a
After two years of a total
That Kamaya and his
They work to make
Loango Park, which
Though expensive, the price is much lower than that paid to see the mountain gorillas in Uganda or Rwanda. It also gets income to manage protected areas that
| A．monkeys | B．hunters | C．visitors | D．masters |
| A．small | B．new | C．long | D．strong |
| A．water drops | B．leaves | C．flying birds | D．insects |
| A．slow | B．quick | C．risky | D．violent |
| A．punishment | B．construction | C．research | D．shutdown |
| A．personal | B．public | C．distant | D．special |
| A．doubting | B．convincing | C．hoping | D．denying |
| A．inspire | B．decide | C．honor | D．please |
| A．company | B．school | C．family | D．club |
| A．decision | B．courage | C．feeling | D．result |
| A．collect | B．create | C．send | D．share |
| A．games | B．praise | C．money | D．respects |
| A．destroyed | B．threatened | C．tightened | D．distinguished |
| A．attract | B．comfort | C．assume | D．astonish |
| A．solution | B．explanation | C．access | D．damage |
| A．loads | B．covers | C．buys | D．affects |
| A．clouded | B．fogged | C．flowered | D．forested |
| A．journey | B．task | C．march | D．care |
| A．regular | B．final | C．usual | D．busy |
| A．replace | B．refuse | C．experience | D．provide |
9 . “A lot of the time when climate change is discussed in mainstream media, people are asking ‘can humans overcome this?’, or ‘what technology can solve this?’. It’s high time we recognized that animals also have to adapt to various changes. We know some animals change their skin colors to escape from natural enemies or due to environment pollution,” says Ryding. “The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them, and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting (变形). ”
Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds. Several species of Australian parrot have shown, on average, a 4%—10% increase in beak (鸟喙) size since 1871, and this is positively linked with the summer temperature each year. North American dark-eyed juncos, a type of small songbird, had a link between increased beak size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments. There have also been reported changes in mammalian species. Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice and leg size increases in masked shrews (鼩鼱).
“The increases in some body parts size we see so far are quite small—less than 10%—so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable,” says Ryding. “However, some body parts such as ears are predicted to increase.”
Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds firsthand by 3D scanning museum bird specimens from the past 100 years. It will give her team a better understanding of which birds are changing their body parts and why. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are coping with climate change and that all is ‘fine’,” says Ryding. “It just means they are adapting to survive it—but we’re not sure what the other ecological consequences of these changes are, or indeed that all species are capable of changing and surviving. ”
1. What may cause animals’ shapeshifting according to Ryding?| A．Human hunting. | B．Climate change. |
| C．Natural enemies. | D．Polluted surroundings. |
| A．Giving examples. | B．Cause-effect analysis. |
| C．Making comparison. | D．Process analysis. |
| A．Animals can well adapt to changes and survive. |
| B．Influence of animals’ shapeshifting is uncertain. |
| C．Rdying will research into bird museums in Australia. |
| D．All adaptations of animals to climate change are beneficial. |
| A．Technology. | B．Health care. | C．Environment. | D．Education. |
10 . One summer day, Bella, our pet dog was in the bushes in our backyard making all sorts of noises. Our 11-year-old daughter, Kaitlin, discovered her sniffing and pawing at a
My husband and I quite worried that our backyard —
Each day, when we took the butterfly house to the backyard, Bella
Finally, the caterpillars turned into beautiful queen butterflies.
| A．cave | B．branch | C．bone | D．dustbin |
| A．messy | B．rare | C．frequent | D．noisy |
| A．delicate | B．tiny | C．gentle | D．delicious |
| A．gradually | B．comfortably | C．safely | D．easily |
| A．fought | B．dealt | C．agreed | D．moved |
| A．followed | B．left | C．hesitated | D．ignored |
| A．curious | B．annoyed | C．scared | D．attached |
| A．journey | B．transformation | C．tragedy | D．flight |
| A．Fortunately | B．Delightfully | C．Surprisingly | D．Thankfully |
| A．released | B．cupped | C．hurt | D．approached |
| A．experiment | B．adventure | C．cycle | D．rescue |
| A．love | B．concern | C．doubt | D．gratitude |
| A．stubborn | B．abnormal | C．brave | D．unwilling |
| A．sighs | B．cries | C．cheers | D．regrets |
| A．benefit | B．hug | C．understanding | D．push |
