1 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.

The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.

During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat.

“Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused.

注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.

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Now Katherine realized what had been going on.

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2 . Does the night sky excite you? Astronomy can be a (most) wonderful pastime activity. There are many things to learn for fun, and a chance to discover something new. In fact, some amateur astronomers have made great discoveries just with their eyes or binoculars (双筒望远镜).

Beginners to astronomy should shy away from buying telescopes until they’ve watched the universe through binoculars. These simple instruments help beginners get used to seeing the view through a more powerful instrument than the naked eye. With a telescope, not only are the pictures upside down, but they are usually greatly magnified (放大): much bigger than the normal size. Thus, it’s best to test your skills first with binoculars.

A good pair of binoculars opens a completely new world that can’t be seen with the naked eye. In our solar system alone, binoculars can show craters (坑，环形山) on the Moon, the rings of Saturn, states of Venus, four bright moons of Jupiter, all the planets except Pluto, small planets, and comets with tails.

We can see many more stars when using binoculars. There are hundreds of stars that we can see with binoculars. These stars often change in brightness, and they are interesting to watch. And many star clusters (群) and galaxies can be seen.

1. According to the passage, the underlined “astronomy” is _______.

A．a machine which tells you about future	B．a branch of science to study plants and animals
C．a kind of telescope	D．a branch of science to study universe

2. The underlined phrase “shy away from” in the second paragraph means ________.

A．be shy of

B．think of

C．avoid

D．consider

3. When you watch the sky through a telescope, the pictures you see are _________.

A．at the normal position	B．much smaller than the real ones
C．bigger than the real ones	D．not as clear as what you see through binoculars

4. Through a good pair of binoculars, you can see all of the following EXCEPT _______ in our solar system.

A．states of Pluto

B．the rings of Saturn

C．craters on the Moon

D．states of Venus

5. The best title for the passage is ______.

A．Astronomy is a wonderful pastime	B．How to use a telescope
C．Watching the sky through binoculars	D．Amateur astronomers’choice

3 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?

A．A bird.

B．A dog.

C．A cat.

2. What may a cat owner be like?

A．Clever.

B．Sociable.

C．Careful.

3. What does the speech mainly talk about?

A．Pet people’s personalities.

B．More outgoing dog people.

C．Less sociable cat people.

4 . At Sho Farm in northern Vermont, farmers Melissa Hoffman and Shawn Smith work hand in hand with the land and its inhabitants, and among them are hundreds of ducks. The ducks at Sho Farm are not being raised to be killed for food. Rather, they are naturally involved in farming operations, helping to manage pests and add fertilizer (肥料) to the soil.

In the beginning, Hoffman, who has a background in organic farming and ecology action, worked with ecologists and biologists to survey the plants and wildlife all around the area. This was “to understand who was living here, so that everything we did was in relationship to the life already here,” he says.

So, at Sho Farm, focus is placed on living harmoniously alongside other life and working with traditional ecological knowledge. Food is seen not as a commodity (商品) but as a relationship with land and life.

The methods of food production at Sho Farm, as well as the farmers’ philosophy of working with rather than against nature, are in sharp contrast to most modern agricultural systems. And that’s the point. “We’ve been talking a lot about the broken food system and the consequences of it to the environment, to wildlife, to the animals in animal agriculture and to human health,” says Hoffman, adding that it’s not just the food system that’s broken. “It’s the relationship between humans, non-human animals, land and nature.”

The ducks play a vital, integrated role on the farm, explains Hoffman, by naturally providing pest control, fertilizer and (fuel-free) land maintenance (维护), just as by-products of their existence. “We noticed where we summered groups of ducks and parts of the food system that were not doing very well. The following year, the food system was efficiently improved,” he says.

It’s a symbiotic relationship that works well. “Animals don’t have to be part of a farm in a commodity sense. They can be part of the farm as a partner,” Hoffman says. “They are wonderful partners.”

1. Why did Hoffman do a survey in the beginning?

A．To get familiar with the surroundings.

B．To have a good relationship with other people.

C．To live in harmony with other life on the farm.

D．To have a good understanding of organic farming.

2. What does the author intend to explain in paragraph 4?

A．The causes of the broken food system.

B．The reasons for Hoffman’s farming methods.

C．The changes in modern agricultural systems.

D．The process of food production at Sho Farm.

3. What does “a symbiotic relationship” in the last paragraph imply?

A．Animals are treated well at Sho Farm.

B．Animals are not to be sold for money.

C．People and animals play the same role in organic farming.

D．People and animals work together and benefit each other.

4. Which of the following best describes the farming at Sho Farm?

A．Efficient.

B．Modern.

C．Natural.

D．Economical.

5 . New research led by scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst has revealed that the spiny pollen (带刺花粉) of plants in the sunflower family can reduce infection of a common bee parasite (寄生生物) by up to 94 percent. The sunflowers'spiny pollen can destroy a parasite called C. bombi (熊蜂短膜虫), which has been significantly reducing bumblebee populations.

To investigate how sunflowers help bumblebees resist C. bombi, the researchers separated the spiny outer shell of the pollen from the chemical metabolites (代谢物) in the pollen’s core. They then mixed the spiny pollen shells of sunflowers, with the chemistry removed, into the pollen fed to one group of bees.

Another group was fed wildflower pollen with sunflower metabolites and no sunflower shells. The researchers discovered that the bees that ate the spiny sunflower pollen shells had the same response as bees feeding on whole sunflower pollen. These bees had a markedly reduced risk of C. bombi infection compared to those fed sunflower metabolites.

Bumblebees, which are vital pollinators of crops and wildflowers, are experiencing a rapid decline in their populations worldwide. Habitat loss due to urbanization and agricultural intensification is the greatest threat to bumblebees. Climate change is also taking a toll on bumblebees. As temperatures rise, bumblebees are forced to move further north to cooler climates, which can affect their ability to find food and nesting sites. Pesticide use is another significant threat to bumblebees. These chemicals are harmful to them and can damage their navigation and immune systems, leading to reduced reproductive success. Bumblebees play a vital role in maintaining healthy and diverse ecosystems. Understanding how sunflowers protect bees from disease could help us identify other flowers that have similar protective properties. Through this, researchers can work towards developing new strategies to help conserve bumblebees.

1. How does the spiny pollen of sunflowers benefit bees?

A．It protects them from predators.	B．It improves their sense of smell.
C．It can be used for their nest building.	D．It helps them resist parasite infections.

2. How did researchers explore the function of spiny pollen shells?

A．By collecting data.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By referring to previous studies.	D．By surveying experienced farmers.

3. What is the biggest threat to the survival of bumblebees?

A．Habitat loss.

B．Climate change.

C．The use of pesticides.

D．Environmental pollution.

4. What is the significance of the study?

A．It offers a way to increase sunflower yield.

B．It draws public attention to the role of ecosystems.

C．It provides a new idea for protecting bumblebees.

D．It allows people to distinguish between different plants species.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

For protecting endangered neighbors, pandas make unreliable umbrellas.

Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of     1     umbrella species—a well-known and usually endangered animal     2     protection benefits an entire ecosystem.

In fact, the story is much     3     (complex), according to findings that Dr. Wang, now an ecologist at Fudan University in Shanghai, published last month in Biological Conservation. Refuting (反驳) years of     4     (assume) about the universal benefits of panda conservation, Dr. Wang and his colleagues report that a number of other     5     (threaten) species are not being protected by the panda umbrella.

Panda conservation, on its own,     6     (be) a success up to now. In the 1980s, pandas had very little protection in the wild and were thought to add up to around just 1,100 individuals. In the 1990s, China began to     7     (active) conserve wild populations. Eventually sixty-seven panda-specific protected areas     8     (represent) 70 percent of the species’ range were established.

All of those efforts focused simply not on other species,     9     on China’s national animal. Dr. Wang began to question the umbrella species narrative and carried out research, only     10     (find) that panda conservation had not helped large carnivores in China.

7 . The evolution of butterflies continues very fast. Species with larger wingspans(翼幅) have expanded their range in high-latitude parts of North America as the climate has warmed, while smaller butterflies and those adapted to cold conditions have tended to decline.

Vaughn Shirey at Georgetown University in Washington DC and his colleagues built a computational model to analyse the presence of 90 butterfly species above 45 north in North America from 1970 to 2019.

The team analysed how shifting monthly minimum temperatures over the past 50 years may have affected the ranges of butterflies.

The monthly minimum temperatures increased by 0. 86℃(1. 5°F), on average, across the study region from the 1970s to the 2010s. As temperatures rose, butterfly species with larger wingspans were more likely to spread out into a greater proportion of the study region. But for smaller butterflies, rising temperatures were linked with a a smaller number in the area over which they were found.

“It seems logical to assume that, if species with larger wingspans have the capacity to better travel to new suitable habitats, it gives those species an advantage in a changing climate,” says Yoan Fourcade at the Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences in Paris.

Butterflies adapted to warmer temperatures also seemed to have dispersed(分散) more across the study region than those adapted to colder climates.

Climate change has been linked with a fall in some butterfly species, including the monarch （Danaus plexippus）in North America. But some appear to be adapting: a 2022 study found that British butterflies are steadily getting bigger in response to rising temperatures.

1. What is the focus of the article?

A．The impact of climate change on butterflies.	B．The migration patterns of butterflies.
C．The size of butterfly wingspans.	D．The smaller number of butterflies.

2. What is the relationship between rising temperatures and smaller butterflies?

A．Temperatures have little effect on smaller butterflies.

B．Smaller butterflies have increased in number.

C．Smaller butterflies have reduced in number.

D．Smaller butterflies have migrated to colder climates.

3. What advantage do species with larger wingspans have in a rising climate?

A．They are better able to travel to new suitable habitats.

B．They are better adapted to colder climates.

C．They are more resistant to climate change.

D．They are more likely to disperse across.

4. What does the author emphasize about butterflies in the last paragraph?

A．They are migrating to warmer climates.	B．They are becoming smaller in size.
C．They are reducing in number.	D．They are getting bigger.

8 . The Swiss have always had a comfortable relationship with their mountains. But no time in a year seems to show that special connection quite like the beginning of summer. That’s when conservationists(环境保护者) make the difficult journey up those towering heights while bearing large white blankets.

The grand plan? To cover critical sections of the Rhone Glacier - six square miles of ice that is counted as the country’s oldest and most essential glacier v in the UV-resistant (防紫外线的)blankets. While it may seem a gentle gesture, like a mother taking care of a child for the night, the idea isn’t to keep the glacier warm. It’s actually the opposite. The blankets are designed to deflect (使偏斜)the sun’s light, covering the huge glacier up like a freezer bag in the hope of protecting it from the strong heat of the summer sun. And these days, the world’s glaciers need all the help they can get. With the planet getting warmer every year, glaciers have been melting at a rapid rate.

In Switzerland, climate change has increased the Rhone Glacier’s typical summer melt which feeds Europe’s famous Rhône River. As a result, more and more people have taken up protecting the glaciers with blankets. By covering approximately six acres of the glaciers, the blankets, Volken explains, have reduced the ice melt by as much as 70 percent. But it has made the slope (斜坡)we’re on only slightly less slippery. And unless people — the main culprits in climate change — make fundamental changes to address the bigger picture, there won’t be enough blankets in the world to ward off the disastrous consequences of rising sea levels.

And those dreamy white blankets covering the Rhône Glacier? “It will slow things down for a year or two,” Jean-Pierre Guignard, who visited the glacier decades ago when it was much bigger, tells Metro, a British newspaper. “But one day people will have to take away the blankets because the ice underneath will be gone.”

1. Why do conservationists climb up the mountains in early summer?

A．To keep the glaciers warm enough.

B．To do some research on the glaciers.

C．To appreciate the beauty of the glaciers.

D．To stop the glaciers from melting too fast.

2. We can infer from Paragraph 3 that the blankets ________.

A．have played a great role in protecting the glaciers

B．are in great need during summer in Switzerland

C．can help protect the glaciers in the long run

D．will probably cause sea levels to rise

3. What does the underlined word “culprits” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A．Researchers.

B．Monitors.

C．Offenders.

D．Protectors.

4. What is Jean-Pierre Guignard’s attitude towards the future of glaciers?

A．Contradictory.

B．Negative.

C．Uncertain

D．Optimistic.

9 . In the past 40 years, the total number of Adélie Penguins (阿德利企鹅) been steadily declining. A new study, however, announced the discovery of a previously unknown “supercolony” of more than 1,500,000 Adélie Pen-gums in the Danger Islands of the Antarctic Peninsula’s northern tip.

“Until recently, the Danger Islands, a chain of remote, rocky, islands, weren’t known to be an important penguin habitat(栖息地) says Heather Lynch, a professor at Stony Brook University; These supercolonies have gone unnoticed for decades, she notes, partly because of the remoteness of the islands themselves, and partly the dangerous waters that surround them. Even in summer, the nearby ocean is filled with thick sea ice, making them extremely difficult to access.

Yet in 2014, Lynch and Mathew Schwaller from NASA discovered guano stains (粪渍) in satellite pictures of the islands, which meant a large number of penguins. To find out for sure, Lynch teamed with Stephanie Jenouvrier, Mike Polito and Tom Hart to arrange an exploration into the islands with the goal of counting the birds firsthand.

In December 2015; they found hundreds of birds and started to calculate by hand. The team also used a commercial drone (无人机)to take pictures of the entire islands. They then used a kind of network software to analyze the pictures, searching for the penguin nests autonomously. The accuracy that the drone ensured was the key. The number of penguins could provide understandings not just on changeable penguin population, but also on the effects of changing temperature and sea ice on the area’s ecology.

“the Danger Islands hold the largest population of Adélie penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula. Being able to get an accurate count of the birds in these supercolonies offers a valuable standard for future population changes of penguins,” notes Jenouvrier. “The population of Adélies on the east side of the Antarctic Peninsula is different from what we see on the west side, for example. We want to understand why. Is it linked to the extended sea ice condition over there? Food availability? That’s something we need to figure out in the future,” she says.

1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on?

A．The concept of supercolony.	B．The discovery of the Danger Islands.
C．A newly discovered penguin habitat	D．The population decline of Adélie Penguins.

2. According to Paragraph 2, the Danger Islands ________.

A．are circled by large islands	B．are home to various wildlife
C．are a newly formed chain of islands	D．have rough surrounding environment

3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A．It was really hard to get the accurate study result.

B．Modern equipment played an important role in the study.

C．The population of the penguins changed the area’s ecology.

D．The computer helped analyze the living habits of the penguins.

4. What does the last paragraph indicate?

A．The study on Adélie penguins still has a long way to go,

B．The sea ice condition affects the growth of the penguins greatly.

C．The rapid decline of the penguins is mainly caused by food unavailability

D．The study on Adélie penguins, shows a new way for environmental protection.

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Where is the speaker now?

A．In a hospital.

B．In a college.

C．In a pet school.

2. In which aspect is a visit from a dog helpful?

A．It cures the patients.

B．It makes patients feel better.

C．It helps do a lot of things.

3. What are the dogs first trained to do in the program?

A．Play with patients and their children.

B．Accompany patients to their hospital rooms.

C．Be familiar with the hospital and pick up things.