1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

World Wetlands Day (WWD) occurs on the     1     (two) day of February each year. It marks the date     2     the International Convention (公约) on Wetlands was signed in 1971 in Iran. WWD     3     (celebrate) in 1997 for the first time. It aims to help people realize the     4     (important) of wetlands around the world. The 158 nations that signed the convention promised to protect over 1,782 wetlands, covering     5     area of over 160 million hectares (公顷). The United Kingdom tops the list with 177 protected wetlands. Each year governments and citizens’ groups carry out     6     (vary) activities on WWD. These range from nature walks, clean-up days     7     new government laws to protect the wetlands.

The world’s wetlands serve an important role in nature. They are all mini eco-systems and contain a huge diversity (多样性) of animal and plant life. They take the form of ponds, streams, rivers and so on. They also serve an important role in the defence of floods,     8     (protect) an area from being flooded by storms and high tides. Wetlands are also a wonderful way     9     (explore) nature and see a huge diversity of water life, plants, animals and birds. Sadly, many wetlands around the world     10     (be) under threat now with rising sea levels and global warming. It is vital that we protect them.

2 . “There’s not any more water out there and what water is out there is becoming really expensive. So, let’s look at how we’re using it now,” said John Berggren. He is a water policy expert with Western Resource Advocates, a non-profit group.

Berggren’s organization supports an effort by Colorado’s lawmakers to launch a statewide turf (草皮) replacement program. Turf is land covered with grass. The program aims to pay home and business owners to replace their grass with other plants and landscapes as a way to deal with the state’s dry climate.

The Las Vegas Valley has always been dry. The desert area has only 10.7 centimeters of rainfall a year. The people who live there take 90 percent of their water from the Colorado River. The rest comes from underground water. Berggren said that in Las Vegas one tenth of a square meter of grass can use 276 liters of water every year. Replacing that grass with native plants and landscaping can cut that to 82 liters or less.

Berggren added that the replacement would be completely voluntary. Water officials launched turf replacement program in 1999. The program offered residents (居民) $4 for every square meter of lawn (草坪) that they replaced. Valley residents, apartment managers and business owners took the government’s money and replaced their grasses with rocks and desert plants. Water officials increased the offer to $10 for each square meter in 2003, then $20 in 2007. Now water officials offer $30 for each square meter up to 929 square meters.

It paid off. Home and business owners in the Las Vegas Valley have removed more than 18.5 million square meters of turf, which has saved about 741 billion liters of water since the program started. In Colorado, since launching in 2018, the program has helped save about 145 million liters of water. The turf replacement program in Castle Rock has also saved millions of liters. The city has reduced residential water use by 7 percent since starting its replacement program in 2009.

1. What is the program in Colorado intended to do?

A．Save water.	B．Replace turf.
C．Turn the desert into grassland.	D．Make the area more beautiful.

2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A．The difficulty of getting water.	B．The present state of water wasting.
C．The dry climate and desert environment.	D．The need and reasons to carry out the program.

3. What can we learn about the program from Paragraph 4?

A．The program has won support from all residents.

B．Residents replacing turf are offered more money than before.

C．Water officials save more money by launching the program.

D．It totally depends on the government to carry out the program.

4. Which of the following can be used to describe the replacement program?

A．Costly.

B．Popular.

C．Fruitless.

D．Effective.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jean-Louis Button is an environmental student in Wales. He was woken up    1     a sound one night. It was a stray cat (流浪猫) who found her way inside his room. “I could see the cat was in     2     pretty poor state. I could see she needed help and I just needed some company,” Button said. The local Cat Protection branch     3     (locate) her owners who could no longer care for their cat. So Button took the cat in and was     4     (thank) for the company. “It just meant the world, honestly,” he said,     5     (describe) the joy this cat brought him.   

Button,     6    hobby is biking, realized it was a good idea     7     (do) a summer cycling trip around the UK to raise funds for three of his favorite charities. “This summer I want to push my physical and mental boundaries (界限) for three charities by cycling     8     (far) than I ever have before. I want to say thank you for the great work that they do,” he said.

He created a fundraising page, and     9     (raise) more than his projected amount ever since. Presently, he is cycling along Britain’s coastline, having already covered 3,500 kilometers in three weeks. His story from a life of     10     (lonely) to love may inspire more than cat lovers, for he is showing how far one cat can encourage someone to push their boundaries.

4 . I recently paid a visit to Yunnan Province, in the southwestern part of China, where I had a very precious chance to take so many wonderful photos I’m so proud of. Here I’d like to show off one or two.

The Red Land of the eastern river is a place which one almost cannot find in China’s tourist maps. Even if there is, it has only a few words to introduce it. It is located in the southwestern part of Kunming (capital of Yunnan Province), 2,600 feet above sea level. Because of its lack of infrastructure (基础设施), transportation problem, inadequate lodging (住房) facilities, ordinary travel agencies would not think of going there. Even the people living there are not so aware of or familiar with its existing beauty. But of those who have seen the pictures of the Red Land, none can resist being attracted to its beautiful scenery, like a painting of a great magnificent landscape!

The soil contains such components (成分) as oxidized iron (氧化铁). After a long period of oxidation, they gradually added and mixed in the soil, producing this extraordinary reddish brown soil.   

Here each of the families was distributed with different sizes and shapes of land, and each has its preference of crops which causes and produces these beautiful pieces of color. During harvest time, the soil is shoveled up and made this unusually red color. Here whether mountains or hills, every inch of land is cultivated (耕作) and planted to the maximum by the inhabitants, consequently causing unwanted damage to the place: erosion (侵蚀). Just like many other places in the world, how long could this magnificent phenomenon (现象) exist? No one knows.

1. Why is the Red Land unknown to the outside world?

A．Because of the poor transportation.

B．Because of the high sea level of the land.

C．Because of the local people’s unwillingness.

D．Because no travel agency knows of this attraction.

2. How did the Red Land come into being?

A．It was painted by some famous painters.

B．Both natural and human work produced it.

C．Mixtures of different metals’ oxidation.

D．Farmers’ over-cultivation resulted in it.

3. Why is the land so colorful in the eyes of the writer?

A．Because he has never seen such places before in his life.

B．Because varieties of crops on the red land color the land.

C．Because he has seen them in many pictures.

D．Because he loves to travel and show off his photos.

4. What does the writer worry about?

A．Overuse of the land may damage the beauty.

B．There’s no way to reach the beautiful land.

C．He can not find such places anywhere else.

D．No one will come to enjoy his photos.

5. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?

A．An untouched colorful land in Yunnan, China

B．Welcome to Kunming, Yunnan, China

C．How the Red Land came into being in Yunnan, China

D．Secret and mystery in Yunnan, China

5 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Floods and landslides are hard     1     (avoid). However, to protect against them, people take a variety of measures. These could include passing various     2     (law)that prohibit(禁止) cutting down trees and building houses in these areas. Measures can     3     (take)at all levels so that no one is misusing or overusing their share of resources like water and food.

Areas     4     strong winds and tornadoes frequently happen need different precautionary(预防的) measures. Tornadoes and storms can be predicted(预测) to a degree in today’s world. Once one is predicted,     5     is important not to walk out without reason. Asking the kids to stay at home is another good measure. These areas usually have     6     (strong)built houses not to be damaged by extreme conditions. However, having a basement where you can stay and wait for the storm to pass     7     (be)not a bad idea. Make sure that the basement has     8     door that takes you directly out of the house in case that the house collapses(倒塌), you can get out of the basement.

To protect against natural disasters, safety measures need to be taken by governments. Communities need to have small plans in place because     9     the happening of a disaster. And the nearest people that can help you will be those     10     (live)in your neighborhood.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A serious earthquake struck Indonesia’s Java Island last Monday,     1     (pull) down buildings and killing at least 162 people.     2     (hundred) of others were injured. The earthquake was centered near the town of Cianjur in West Java. It caused     3     great number of buildings to fall. At least 25 people     4     (stick) in destroyed buildings. Besides, more than 2,200 homes were damaged and more than 5,300 people became homeless.

The power cuts in the area were bad for some communication efforts. Many injured people were treated on the grounds of the main government hospital in Cianjur. Elsewhere, groups of people gathered outside buildings     5     had fallen down. Among many damaged buildings were an Islamic school, a hospital and other public buildings. The government was still working     6     (examine) the full level of damage. An official, Vidi Primadhania, was working in Jakarta when the quake happened, saying, “The quake felt so     7     (strength). My workmates and I decided to get out of our office on the ninth floor using the emergency stairs. Some workers who remained inside buildings took cover     8     their desks.”

In fact, the country     9     (regular) experiences earthquakes, volcanic activities and ocean waves. This is because Indonesia     10     (sit) within the “Pacific Ring of Fire”, a collection of volcanoes and fault lines.

7 . A hydropower (水力发电) station employee who had been missing after a magnitude-6.8 earthquake, on Sept. 5 in Sichuan province, had been found alive on Sept. 21.

Gan Yu, 28, was rescued on Wednesday morning by Ni Taigao, a villager in Yaojin village in Shimian, a county under the administration of Ya’an, Sichuan province, He heard his yell for help in the mountain, according to Shen Xiaobing, head of the township (乡) government.

As the earthquake whose epicenter (震中) is in neighbouring Luding county, in Sichuan’s Ganzi Tibetan autonomous prefecture, damaged Ni’s house in the mountainous village, he had to rent a house down the mountain. Two days ago, Ni returned to the village to feed his sheep and saw rescue workers who were looking for Gan pass his damaged house. As he was familiar with the mountain, he decided to live in a relative’s home in the village with the intention of looking for Gan during the daytime.

At 7 am on Wednesday, he took two bottles of beverages (饮料) and some candies and set out from the relative’s home. After walking for more than two hours, Ni heard somebody yelling for help on a mountain slope and found Gan lying in the forests.

Gan’s clothes were tattered and he had injuries on his legs. Ni immediately called the local government and took out a bottle of beverage for Gan to drink slowly. His mental state was good. He cried and said he was lucky to have met me, Ni said. Gan said he had survived by eating wild fruits and drinking water.

At 11:30 am on Wednesday, the earthquake relief headquarters of Wanggangping township sent 18 rescue workers and two medical workers to the site where Gan had been found. A helicopter sent him to the Luding county seat (县城), where he is receiving treatment in hospital.

The site where Gan had been found in Yaojin has a straight-line distance of more than 10 kilometers from the Wandong Hydropower Station where Gan works. But there are several peaks in the middle, and the road is steep, Shen said. After the earthquake, Gan and Luo stayed in the ruined station without mobile phone signals or food. The earthquake killed 93 people in Sichuan, with 55 in Ganzi and 38 in Ya’an.

1. Why did Ni Taigao live in a relative’s home in the village?

A．To look after his relative.	B．To lead rescue workers.
C．To search for Gan Yu in the day.	D．To feed his sheep during the daytime.

2. What does the underlined word “tattered” mean in paragraph 5?

A．Old.

B．Fashionable.

C．Changed.

D．Torn.

3. What do we know about Gan Yu?

A．He was asleep when he was found.

B．He survived by eating plant roots and drinking water.

C．He was carried to the Luding county seat by helicopter.

D．He was found at the foot of a mountain beside the forest.

4. What can be a suitable title for the news report?

A．A magnitude-6. 8 earthquake kills 93 people in Sichuan.

B．Gan and Luo stay in ruined station after magnitude-6. 8 earthquake.

C．Man missing for 17 days after magnitude-6. 8 earthquake found alive.

D．Local government tries to save man missing for 17 days after earthquake.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jeremy Savage aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, were close friends. They grew up together because their parents were friends, too. Every autumn, the two families would go together on a trip to the Rocky Mountains. This year, under the guidance of park workers, they camped on the hillside. After putting up the tents, the two boys announced to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves next morning and promised to back before dusk.

Next morning, the boys set out with a backpack packed with food and water, the autumn breeze pinking their cheeks. Along the winding path, they glanced at a sea of colourful leaves spreading beneath their feet. As they got near to the top, the path was rocky and less-traveled. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop. Lost in the breathtaking scenery, they felt refreshed from tiredness. How worthwhile the trip was!

Having got enough rest, Jeremy and Ian decided to climb down. Suddenly, trouble began. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move.

“Help!” Jeremy shouted. NO REPLY. “Help!Help!” Jeremy almost cried. But still no replies. If only I had brought my mobile phone in the bag, Jeremy mouthed, regretful and sad. Taking a deep breath, he tried to calm himself down. Then he noticed Ian was bleeding. So he cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. Jeremy used an extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together against a rock. However, as darkness started to fall, the weather turned cold and windy and help still didn’t arrive.

注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右:
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

In low spirits, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exhausted, Jeremy felt hopeless again with Ian on his back.

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9 . There have been many earthquakes around the world in recent years, so it is necessary to know some safety tips for earthquakes.

To begin with, remember the Drop, Cover and Hold method (DCH) from the American Red Cross. Drop down to the floor. Take cover under a piece of furniture (家具) and protect your head and neck with your arms. Hold on to the furniture until the ground stops shaking.

Besides, you should learn some tips about how to keep yourself safe in different places when an earthquake happens. If you happen to be having a class at school, standing beside a wall will protect you from falling things. Don’t stand near windows or under lights. When you are in a public area, like in a bookstore, get down beside the stands or go to the corner. Protect your head with your arms or bag. Stay away from big advertising (广告) boards. If you’re in the kitchen at home, move away from the fridge and lights.

What’s more, knowing about the magnitude of an earthquake is also necessary for you to take proper action when an earthquake strikes. The magnitude is from 1 to 10 and the higher the number, the bigger the earthquake. Usually, people can feel an earthquake of magnitude 3 to 4. When an earthquake reaches 5, farm animals feel nervous and the surface of walls cracks. When it reaches 6, houses may fall down and people are likely to get injured.

To know more about earthquake safety, click http:// www. Xuexila. com.

1. How can you protect yourself in an earthquake according to DCH?

A．Climb onto the bed very quickly.

B．Stand still in the middle of the room.

C．Take shelter under a table and hold it.

D．Run out of the room as fast as you can.

2. According to the writer, what should you do when in a bookstore in an earthquake?

A．Stand near windows or under lights.	B．Get down beside the stands.
C．Keep away from the crowded people.	D．Stay near or under a big board.

3. Which is true about the magnitude of an earthquake?

A．An earthquake of magnitude 1 is very serious.

B．Walls crack in an earthquake of magnitude 3.

C．People can’t feel an earthquake of magnitude 5.

D．An earthquake of magnitude 6 may do great damage.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On Monday, May 12, 2008, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0    1    (strike) Wenchuan county, northwestern Sichuan Province, China.The earthquake caused great damage, killing over 80, 000 people, leaving many more       2     (injure), and turning many towns and counties into    3    (ruin). The news on TV reported that the number of people who were killed in the earthquake    4    (be) more than 80, 000. People were    5    shock. It seemed as if the world were coming to    6    end. But hope was not lost.

The rescue work    7    followed was carried out by people from all over the country, even abroad. The army sent soldiers to Wen chuan    8    (dig)   out who were trapped and to bury the dead.

Now, more than 10 years on, the people suffered the earthquake are living a new life. The new towns have been    9    (creative) rebuilt by the government. With strong support from the government, the local people feel more    10    (confidence) about the future. Wenchuan has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up.