1 . A 57-year-old Tonga man survived 27 hours at sea in the ocean after a tsunami wave swept him out to sea.

The incident (事件) happened after the huge eruption of a volcano in the island kingdom of Tonga. Lisala Folau said that he was painting his house when his brother told him a tsunami was moving toward the small island of Atata.

Folau is disabled and has difficulty walking. He said he climbed a tree to escape the first wave but when he got down, another big wave swept him away. “I could hear my son calling from land, but I didn’t want to answer him because I didn’t want him to swim out to rescue me,” said Folau.

Folau was swept out to sea at about 7 p. m. local time. Then, he said he swam another eight hours to a second island with no one living on it before finally swimming again to the main island of Tongatapu. The experience lasted more than 27 hours and covered 7.5 kilometers.

Folau said that he went underwater nine times. “On the eighth time I thought, ‘The next time I go underwater, my arms are the only things that are keeping me above water’,” said Folau. “So the ninth time I went under and came up and grabbed a log (原木). And that’s what kept me going.”

In an interview, Folau said he was frightened when the waves took him from land into the sea. “What came into my mind when I was helpless at sea was one thing,” he said. “That was my family.”

The amazing story of Folau’s survival was shared on the Internet. And people described him as a “real-life Aquaman (潜水侠)”.

1. Why does the author mention “27 hours at sea”?

A．To make his article out of the ordinary.

B．To give a description of a long journey.

C．To stress the difficulty of the survival.

D．To deepen readers’ impression of tsunami.

2. What does the underlined word “escape” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Sit on something.	B．Go after something.
C．Experience physical pain.	D．Get away from danger.

3. What supported Folau when he wanted to give up?

A．A log.

B．His Family.

C．His experience.

D．A real-life Aquaman.

4. Where can we probably read the text?

A．A news website.	B．A blog post.
C．A travel brochure.	D．A science magazine.

2 . Scientists have found the world’s biggest seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas. Seagrass refers to dozens of different species of flowering plants that live entirely underwater, producing energy through photosynthesis (光合作用) by absorbing sunlight. Like their land-based relatives, seagrasses have roots and leaves and also produce seeds. Seagrasses grow in salty coastal waters around the world, usually in shallow waters where sunlight is more plentiful. Since seagrasses carry out the process of photosynthesis, they are known to be very effective at storing carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas. This is because photosynthesis involves plants using sunlight to transform carbon dioxide into oxygen.

These underwater plants play an important role in carbon sequestration, in which carbon is stored in the environment rather than being allowed to float freely in the atmosphere where it can contribute to global warming. According to Gallagher, one of the new study’s authors, carbon enters the ocean as part of the carbon cycle, and the seagrass takes in this carbon through photosynthesis via their leaves. This is part one. The second part is when the seagrass transports this carbon through itself, burying and storing it in its root system. Seagrass stores this carbon permanently.

The purpose of the study by Gallagher and his colleagues was to map seagrass in the Bahamas, using data from 15 tiger sharks equipped with tracking instruments that could also take images of the sea floor. That information was then combined with reports from 2,500 surveys by human divers.

Mark Huxham, professor of teaching and research in environmental biology, said “This brilliant study uses imaginative and exciting new technology, in partnership with tiger sharks. We know seagrass is important for the health of our seas and our planet, but there are major gaps in our understanding about it.”

1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?

A．The cause of photosynthesis.

B．Living conditions for seagrass.

C．Environmental effect of seagrass.

D．The introduction of photosynthesis.

2. What does the underlined part “carbon sequestration” refer to in Paragraph 2?

A．Absorbing carbon from the air.

B．Reducing carbon in the roots.

C．Releasing carbon into the air.

D．Keeping carbon in sea plants.

3. What may Mark Huxham agree with?

A．Scientists have fully studied seagrass.

B．The study contributes to a new technology.

C．There is still a lot of work to study seagrass.

D．Tiger sharks will be the focus of future studies.

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To inform.

B．To criticize.

C．To advertise.

D．To persuade.

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Mumma, I am going to the morning walk”, Rohan screamed while his mother was cooking in the kitchen.

His mother who was engaged in her work replied casually, and he went away. It was bitter cold outside. Though he had his cap and muffler (厚手套) with him, he could still perceive much cold. He followed his daily routine when something different happened to him. There laid a small puppy on the other side of the road, just beside a canal, who seemed shivering and trembling with the cold. He went towards it, looked into its eyes, experienced its pain and couldn’t help but pick it up on his hands. It was voiceless, but expressed everything to the boy, without any language.

There was no other thought which stroked his mind and he decided to take that puppy with him to his home. Then came a thought of his mother, who never liked dogs and restricted whenever possible. But his compassionate feeling overcame all his fears and he went back to his home, holding the puppy in his hands. He headed on towards his home though he wanted not to go and thought if he could delay his arrival at his home, but no way possible …

After five minutes of thoughtful walk, he reached his home, where was his mother, who was surely to be annoyed with a puppy in his hands. He got inside his home and underwent what was expected. His mother asked furiously “What is it?”, and continued a number of questions when Rohan uttered a single sentence “Mumma, he needs us”, which made her mother believe “What Love is”.

And his mother remembered the words of her favourite teacher “Love is the feeling to help someone when he is in need, knowing there would be barriers” .

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

His mother allowed that puppy to stay with them.

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Then came the day when Rohan had to leave home to study abroad.

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4 . The last time Jack Hanson took an airplane, he was a junior at the University of Vermont. To return from a term abroad in Copenhagen, he flew from Denmark, ________ in Iceland, and landed in New York.

But the next term, one of his professors asked students to ________ their individual energy usage. And when Mr. Hanson did the ________, he realized that just one leg of that international flight ________ more energy, and more greenhouse gas emissions(排放), than all the other things that year ________ — the driving and heating and lighting and eating and everything else.

He was ________. “I just couldn’t ________ it,” he says. “It really is an extreme. It’s an extreme amount of energy, an extreme amount of ________.”

So Mr. Hanson decided to stop ________. Since then, he has traveled by train and bike and car, and has even written a song about the ________ of getting home to Chicago on an overnight bus. But he has not been on an airplane.

And he has never found travel more ________, he says. He knows that some people find this hard to ________, including many friends and family members. They decide Mr. Hanson’s approach is ________.

Go more ________, and travel begins to return to what it once was: a slow change of one place to another, a sense of space, an unwinding of time.

“Once you’ve tasted this way of ________, you understand what it’s all about,” he says.1.

A．pulled

B．stopped

C．stayed

D．played

2.

A．judge

B．consider

C．calculate

D．reduce

3.

A．performance

B．research

C．experiment

D．math

4.

A．accounted for

B．called for

C．figured out

D．turned out

5.

A．listed

B．combined

C．separated

D．bought

6.

A．shocked

B．embarrassed

C．entertained

D．bored

7.

A．explain

B．make

C．refuse

D．manage

8.

A．pleasure

B．waste

C．money

D．pollution

9.

A．driving

B．heating

C．flying

D．lighting

10.

A．incidents

B．stories

C．disasters

D．conditions

11.

A．joyful

B．dangerous

C．upset

D．expensive

12.

A．tell

B．believe

C．prove

D．describe

13.

A．delightful

B．inflexible

C．effective

D．unreasonable

14.

A．carefully

B．wildly

C．slowly

D．actively

15.

A．cooking

B．resting

C．relaxing

D．traveling

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

All open fires of the mountain fires in Chongqing have     1    (final) been put out on Friday. Under the continuous serious heat and drought environment, putting out wildfires faces great difficulties.     2     it only took less than 10 days for Chongqing to put out the fire, which is not easy to achieve. In this process, “heroic spirit” is the most popular keyword     3     social media.

Mountain fires are a serious problem for people living in Chongqing, which has encouraged the people     4    (protect)their homes. Firefighters, police officers, soldiers and medical workers were on the front line. Behind them, there     5    (be) strong support from volunteers—with a man delivering supplies by riding a motorcycle, as well as those cooking meals. Among the     6    (hero)were soldiers and ordinary people from all walks of life. In the face of the wildfire, their forces have come together.

At     7     same time, on the internet, voices of “Come on, Chongqing” could     8    (hear)repeatedly, and social media was filled with countless     9    (touch)moments. What really touches people is that these ordinary and brave people shine with their courage, will and unity     10     are shared by Chinese people in the face of disasters.

6 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a sunny afternoon in July, my husband Lenny decided to run our garbage. Living on a farm where no pick-up service was available, we burned what we could and took the rest to the town’s landfill(垃圾填埋场). After unloading, Lenny walked around to see what others had thrown away. Being a person who finds treasure in what others call trash, Lenny would sometimes bring home what he called “great finds”. He’d say, “You’ll never know when this will come in handy”or“Look at what someone threw away. I can fix and use that”. As a family on a tight budget, we appreciated his finds.

As Lenny walked around that day, he picked up a few items and threw them on a large pile of garbage. Suddenly, he heard a “meow” and he looked around for what he thought would be a wild cat, but he saw nothing. Then he saw a shoebox in the garbage pile move slightly, and he heard the cries again. He picked up the box, which was sealed with tape. When Lenny cut the tape and cautiously tore open the shoebox, he found a black-and-white little cat, approximately eight weeks old. It was so frightened that it jumped into Lenny’s arms and clung on to him with its tiny claws. The little cat wasn’t afraid of him. The poor thing was very thin and had probably been taken away from its mother only recently.

My husband wasn’t a great cat lover. He did not feel they should be household pets. Our two daughters had a different perspective as they had recently got another kitten from a local farmer. Even though he didn’t like cats, he knew he couldn’t leave this cat in the shoebox. It would probably be eaten by a fox.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

So he decided to bring it home.

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Later, Lenny and the cat became best friends, too.

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7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At 3:42 a. m., on 28 July 1976, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20 th century began in Tangshan. It seemed as if the world were coming to     1     end! Nearly everything in the city     2     (destroy). The number of people who were killed or badly injured     3     (be) more than 400,000,     4     (leave) thousands of children without parents. Then later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even     5     (many) buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard     6     (get). People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.

But hope was not lost. Rescuers, including soldiers, doctors, nurses and workers came to help. The soldiers dug out the people who were trapped and buried the     7     (death).

Workers built shelters for those     8     had lost their homes.     9     (slow), the city began to breathe and revive itself.     10     strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built on the earthquake ruins.

8 . 阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

The most wonderful thing that has come into my life is a Golden Retriever called Bonny. Bonny has been trained by an organization called Assistance Dogs for Independence, so she could help me become independent. I often rely on other people in my life, and it even keeps me from making my own decisions in most situations. Why? Because when you have to depend on others, the decision does not become totally yours.

I developed Cerebral Palsy(脑瘫) at the age of twelve months as a result of food poisoning(中毒). That made me physically disabled, making me totally rely on others. Because of that, I often felt sad. I considered myself to be useless and was often in a low mood.

My recent visit to the Spastic Centre with Bonny caused the therapists(治疗师) to notice the change in my attitude and mood. They always tried to help me become positive, but they said it was Bonny that had made such a difference. They were so impressed that they invited me to talk to Assistance Dogs for Independence about such dogs because they were sure that other people like me would also need the assistance of such a dog.

I totally agreed with them and decided to do that. The costs of carers who are paid to help people like me are very high. And family members have to spend a lot of time taking care of such people as me. With such a dog as Bonny, things could be much easier.

However, I will still need the carers’ help in areas where a dog can’t help. I just want to say such a dog is really helpful to such people as me.

1. Why can’t the author make his own decisions sometimes? (no more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________

2. How did the author develop Cerebral Palsy? (no more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________

3. What does the underlined word “assistance” in Paragraph 3 mean? (1 word)

____________________________________________________________

4. What does the author think of carers for such people as him? (no more than 5 words)

____________________________________________________________

5. What do you think of such dogs as Bonny after reading the text? Why? (no more than 20 words)

____________________________________________________________

9 . 4 Best Hikes in the UK by Train

The following four best hikes in the UK by train are recommended to try.

Name of hike: Golden Cap on the Southwest Coast Path
The nearest train station: Axminster

The Golden Cap Estate is famous for being the tallest point of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. Following the Southwest Coast Path for about 7. 5km will take you along Charmouth Beach which is famous for the many fossils (化石) found there.

Name of hike: Aber Falls in the Snowdonia National Park
The nearest train station: Bangor

Aber Falls is an impressive 40m tall waterfall in the Snowdonia National Park. Following the 4km path through Aber Nature Reserve to reach the waterfall you will pass ancient woodlands. Additionally, you’ll be able to find a few smaller waterfalls on route.

Name of hike: Conic Hill in the Loch Lomond
The nearest train station: Balloch

The Conic Hill is one of the final parts on the West Highland Way route. After going through ancient woodlands, you’ll reach the impressive view of Loch Lomond and its many islands. Covering about 5. 5km, the path begins and ends in the small village of Balmaha.

Name of hike: Loch an Eilein in the Cairngorms National Park
The nearest train station: Aviemore

This 7.2 km walk passes Loch an Eilein and cuts through the endless ancient forest. The Loch is home to a small island and the beautiful Loch an Eilein Castle (城堡) which dates back to the 13th century. While walking, you can enjoy the sound of birdsong all around you.

1. Which place will you choose if you like natural heritage?

A．Aber Falls.	B．Golden Cap.
C．Conic Hill loop. .	D．Loch an Eilein loop.

2. Which station should you choose if visiting Aber Nature Reserve?

A．Axminster.	B．Bangor.
C．Balloch.	D．Aviemore.

3. What do Conic Hill and Loch an Eilein have in common?

A．Ancient forest.	B．Several islands.
C．Famous castles.	D．Beautiful birds.

10 . A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway(摇摆) hard. Then came the deadly_________that could only mean one thing, destruction. Every house and object was now_________. My vision blurred (模糊) even more when I saw the remains of my house. The house that used to_________all the happiness in the world was now_________a pile of ruined pieces. I_________all the times I played with my little brother and sister. Images of them were_________in my mind, so I let the darkness sweep over me completely so I could see them vividly one last time. I regained a bit of my_________after lying on the ground for some time. My eyes viewed different things, but I walked on mindlessly, with no_________to anything around me at all.

Years have passed since the disaster that_________me years ago. I never thought I would be okay again after this__________event.

Today I am going on a trip to California to help__________of a recent earthquake. Then, I see her. A young girl is weeping into her arm. I walk toward her. Losing family was__________, but because of my life changing experience, I am strong, and I can__________the lives of those who are suffering as I was. When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. One day, she may__________others the way I did for her. She holds my hand tightly, and together, we look for a brighter future where we can help those around us and__________the world starting with one disaster at a time.

1.

A．silence

B．power

C．emergency

D．extinction

2.

A．under pressure

B．in ruins

C．on hand

D．in shock

3.

A．promote

B．supply

C．contain

D．measure

4.

A．extremely

B．obviously

C．actually

D．simply

5.

A．adapted to

B．thought of

C．concentrated on

D．worked out

6.

A．carved

B．buried

C．designed

D．observed

7.

A．balance

B．memory

C．strength

D．impression

8.

A．request

B．comparison

C．path

D．reaction

9.

A．struck

B．identified

C．threatened

D．reminded

10.

A．amazing

B．frightening

C．exciting

D．challenging

11.

A．professionals

B．volunteers

C．survivors

D．experts

12.

A．painful

B．unusual

C．awkward

D．unique

13.

A．appreciate

B．possess

C．exchange

D．improve

14.

A．affect

B．recognize

C．recommend

D．contact

15.

A．establish

B．change

C．remove

D．revise