2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Ming City Wall Ruins Park, one of the best parks in Beijing,     1     (locate) in the central area of Beijing from Chongwenmen East Street to Dongbianmen.     2     (cover) a total area of about 15.5 hectares, the park     3     (consist) of 3.3 hectares of city wall ruins and the southeast corner tower, and 12.2 hectares of green space.

The Ming Dynasty City Wall from Dongbianmen to Chongwenmen is one of the only two remaining Ming Dynasty City Walls in Beijing.     4     (historic), the Ming Dynasty City Wall is 25 kilometers long and was first built in the 17th year of the Yongle Period of the Ming Dynasty (1419 AD), and has     5     history of over 580 years. The remaining relic,     6     is about 1.5 kilometers long, used to be part of the inner city wall of Beijing. It is the     7     (long) section of the city wall remains in the city, and an important symbol of Beijing.

Using a simple design, the park highlights the beauty of the     8     (ruin) city walls. The “Old Trees and Ming Walls”, “New Charm of Ancient Buildings” and other sceneries in the park have a long history and rich connotation (含义), showing the profound     9     (culture) accumulation of Chongwenmen, which adds endless imagination     10     people’s mind.

3 . A worldwide shift from fossil fuel-powered cars to electric vehicles could significantly reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that humans emit to the atmosphere. But current strategies for vehicle electrification (电气化) can also shift some pollution to communities already suffering under higher economic, health and environmental burdens, researchers warn.

California, which leads the United States by a mile when it comes to EV adoption, offers a window into this evolving problem. The state is aggressively seeking to reduce its carbon footprint and has made substantial increases in wind and solar power generation as well as in the promotion of electric vehicle purchases. One tool the state has used is the California Clean Vehicle Rebate Project, or CVRP, which kicked off in 2010 and offers consumers money back for the purchase of new EVs.

Now, an analysis of the CVRP’s impact on the state’s air quality from 2010 to 2021 reveals both good and bad news, researchers report May 3 in PLOS Climate.

The good news is that the CVRP is responsible for making a dent in the state’s overall CO2 emissions, reducing them by about 280,000 metric tons per year on average. The bad news is that the most disadvantaged communities in the state didn’t see the same overall improvement in air quality. Those communities in fact saw an increase in one type of air pollution, tiny particulates known as PM2.5. That increase may be indirectly related to putting more EVs on the road. Although electric vehicles themselves don’t produce PM2.5 from their tailpipes, increased electricity generation, if it’s not fossil fuel-free, can. Renewable resources, including rooftop solar cells, supplied about half of California’s electricity in 2022. But natural gas-fired power plants still provide a large part of the state’s power.

“Electric vehicles are often incorrectly referred to as ‘zero-emission vehicles’, but they’re only as clean as the underlying electric grid (电网) from which the energy is sourced,” Mejía-Duwan says. The most disadvantaged 25 percent of the state’s communities also contain 50 percent of the power plants, the team found.

1. What do we know from paragraph 2?

A．California takes the lead in environmental protection.

B．Wind and solar power generation has dominated California.

C．California’s carbon footprint has been reduced as planned.

D．The launch of CVRP is intended to promote electric vehicle purchases.

2. What does the underlined “dent” mean in paragraph 4?

A．adjustment.

B．shift.

C．reduction.

D．increase

3. What is the direct cause of an increase in PM 2.5?

A．Putting more EVs on the road.	B．Increased electricity generation.
C．Warming climate.	D．Increased rooftop solar cells.

4. What will Mejía-Duwan probably agree with?

A．Zero emission for EVs can’t be ensured nowadays.

B．‘Zero emission’ isn’t good enough to describe EVs.

C．EVs, with no zero emission, shouldn’t be advocated.

D．EVs have a promising future as zero emission vehicles.

4 . Three cute brown bear cubs who got lost after getting separated from their mother gripped the hearts of netizens.

The fuzzy cubs were spotted by Gelek Gyatso, an ecological protection officer, when he was patrolling a riverbed at an altitude of nearly 4, 500 meters in Qumarleb county in Qinghai province’s Yushu.

The little cubs eagerly ran toward the ranger on the snow-covered riverbed, then stopped short at a safe distance to stare at him curiously. After realizing that the man was not their mother, the bear cubs turned around and ran along the river calling for mom.

This was Gelek Gyatso’s first encounter with bear cubs separated from their mother. With his knowledge of wild animals, he drove the cubs towards an area near their cave in the hope of a safe reunion. Thankfully, later that day, other patrol officers found that the mother bear had reunited with her cubs and that the family was happy and healthy.

This year marks Gelek Gyatso’s tenth year as an ecological protection officer. He patrols the area every day, diligently records the animals he sees, carefully checks on the vegetation, and helps clean up litter.

Over the decade, Gelek Gyatso has witnessed great changes in the ecological environment of his hometown. There has been an increase in the number of wild animals, and everyone is participating in the protection of these species, making coexistence between humans and animals more harmonious.

He also reminds people that if they encounter wild animals in the wild, they should keep their distance, not disturbing or feeding them, and that if they find an animal that needs to be rescued, they should call the fire or forest department in time.

1. What happened to the three bear cubs?

A．Losing track of the mother bear.

B．Following Gelek with curiosity.

C．Mistaking a man for their mother.

D．Being trapped in the cold riverbed.

2. Which of the following best describes Gelek?

A．Ambitious.

B．Romantic.

C．Devoted.

D．Innovative.

3. According to Gelek, what should people do to live in harmony with wildlife?

A．Changing their living surroundings.

B．Feeding and sheltering wild animals.

C．Getting involved in saving endangered species.

D．Seeking professional help to rescue those in need.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．A project of wildlife conservation

B．A journey of friendship connection

C．A knowledgeable ecological officer

D．An encounter leading to a safe reunion

5 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Why has the lake become famous in recent years?

A．It’s introduced in books.

B．A sports game is held there.

C．A singer sings a song about it.

2. Where did the journey start?

A．On the eastern shore.

B．On the frozen surface.

C．From above the lake.

3. What attracts runners to the lake?

A．The wide space.

B．The beautiful landscape.

C．The cold weather.

4. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A．Extreme weather in Siberia.

B．The best time to visit Lake Baikal.

C．The loneliest marathon in the world.

6 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Dude

The first time my husband Bart told me about his horse, Dude, I knew their bond had been something special.

Growing up on a family farm, Bart loved all animals. But Dude, a birthday gift Bart received when he turned nine, became his favorite. Years later when Bart’s father sold Dude, Bart grieved (悲痛) in secret.

One evening, as we took a walk, Bart suddenly asked, “Did I ever tell you Dude won the World Racking Horse Championship?”

“Rocking?” asked I.

“Racking, it’s a kind of dancing horses do.” Bart corrected, smiling gently. “Dude was the greatest and most intelligent racking horse ever. Whenever I whistled (吹口哨), he would run at me and dance.”

“Then why’d you let your dad sell him?” I asked.

Bart explained, “When I found a job away from home, Dad figured I wouldn’t be riding anymore, so he sold Dude without even asking me. Running a horse farm means you buy and sell horses all the time.”

“I’ve always wondered if that horse missed me as much as I’ve missed him. I’ve never had the heart to try to find him. I couldn’t stand knowing if something bad. . . .” Bart’s voice trailed off (减弱).

My heart ached for him. I didn’t know what to do. Then one day while walking through the pasture (牧场), a strange thought came to me — finding Dude for Bart. How absurd! I thought. I knew nothing about Dude, certainly not how to find him. The harder I tried to dismiss the thought, the stronger it grew.

One morning after that first “find Dude” thought, I met with our new neighbor, Mr. Parker, and started a friendly conversation. When he mentioned he’d once bought a horse from Bart’s dad, I interrupted. “You remember the horse’s name?” I asked.

“Sure do.” Mr. Parker said. “Dude. Paid twenty-five hundred dollars for him.”

I went wild with joy, barely catching my breath. “Do you know what happened to him?”

“I sold him for a good profit years ago.”

“Would you be willing to try to help me find him?” I asked. And then I explained the situation.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Mr. Parker agreed to join the search, promising not to say anything to Bart.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Getting out of the car, I asked Bart to whistle as he used to do to Dude.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . When storms come rolling in across the ocean, they struck coastlines with tremendous force. Luckily, for thousands of miles of tropical coastlines, nature has provided a remarkable form of protection: coral reefs.

These colorful wonders are best known for their diversity of life, their plentiful seafood, and their draw to scuba-diving tourists. But they are also astonishingly durable and firm structures, built by tiny animals with calcium carbonate skeletons (碳酸钙骨架), which provide an important service to the coastlines standing behind them — they can absorb up to 97% of wave energy.

A new study estimates that reefs offer protection to up to 5.3 million people and $109 billion in gross domestic product (GDP) per decade. The maps in the study scientists generated are at a much finer resolution (分辨率) than previous analyses, which allows users to view coral reefs with more details and see where reefs provide the highest degree of protection for people, GDP and infrastructure (基础设施). “This level of detail means we can use this information in practical ways, like in the marine spacial planning we do to inform conservation strategies around the world,” says Dr. Spalding, the co-author of the study. More accurate data on where reefs protect people and infrastructure from destructive waves can help improve decision-making about which reefs to protect.

We have already lost half of the world’s reefs, and scientists predict we could lose up to 90% if actions are not taken to protect them. Effective management strategies are vital to supporting reef health and recovery.

Coral reefs are often selected for conservation based on their ecological significance, which may mean they are located in remote places, away from the more direct effects of human pressures like development and pollution. “We are failing ourselves as well as nature if we don’t also consider protecting the reefs that are located closer to humans,” says Spalding. “These are the reefs that protect us and provide for us in abundance. Let’s look after them.”

1. Which function of coral reefs is mainly discussed in the text?

A．Nurturing diverse living things.	B．Offering plentiful seafood.
C．Attracting scuba-diving tourists.	D．Reducing the forces of waves.

2. To which field can the findings be applied?

A．Eco-tourism.	B．Urban planning.
C．Reef recovery.	D．Deep-sea exploration.

3. Why should we protect the reefs near to humans according to Spalding?

A．Because they protect and provide for humans.

B．Because they are more beautiful than remote reefs.

C．Because they are of higher ecological significance.

D．Because they provide better habitats for marine life.

4. What may be the best title of the text?

A．Coral Reefs as Coastal Defenders	B．The Secrets of Coral Reefs
C．New Ways of Coral Reef Conservation	D．Coastlines behind Coral Reefs