1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Lately, Tom became more aware     1     the importance of acting against climate change because of a tree on the side of a road in his neighborhood. The tree is     2     80-year-old plane tree, and is at risk of being cut down due to construction work, along with various other trees in the neighborhood. This will be     3     (absolute) bad for the local environment because the trees     4     (play) a big part in keeping the air clean over the years.

This crisis (危机) caused many people in his community to stand up to defend the trees. They     5     (create) websites and posters to bring the trees to everyone’s attention.

He was definitely     6     (inspire) by the changes the trees’ supporters were making. Their resilience (韧性) and     7     (determine) were very motivational (激发性的). This was a big wake up call for him because he realized that change was happening right next to him.

    8     (fight) climate change is something that everyone should take part in     9     it affects every living being on the planet. Protect our planet! Start by doing something small every day,     10     really matters!

2 . I’ve always found that hiking in nature makes me feel happier, and of course decreased stress may be a big part of the reason why. But, Gregory Bratman, of Stanford University, has found evidence that nature may impact our mood (心情) in other ways, too.

In one 2015 study, Bratman and his colleagues chose 60 volunteers to take a 50-minute walk in either a natural setting or an urban setting. Before and after the walk, the volunteers were assessed on their emotional state and on cognitive (认知的) measures, such as how well they could perform tasks requiring short-term memory. Results showed that those who walked in nature experienced less anxiety and rumination (focused attention on unsatisfying side of oneself), as well as more positive emotions, in comparison to the urban walkers. They also improved their performance on the memory tasks.

In another study in 2017, he and his colleagues furthered these findings by focusing on how walking in nature affects rumination—which has been associated with the onset of anxiety—while also using fMRI technology to look at brain activity. Volunteers who took a 90-minute walk in either a natural setting or an urban setting had their brains scanned (扫描) before and after their walks and were surveyed on self-reported rumination levels.

Even so, volunteers who walked in a natural setting reported decreased rumination after the walk, and they showed increased activity in the subgenual prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain whose inactivity is related to depression and anxiety—a finding that suggests nature may have important impacts on mood.

Bratman believes results like these need to reach city planners and others whose decisions impact our natural spaces. “Ecosystem services are being included into decision making at all levels of public policy, land use planning, and urban design, and it’s very important to be sure to include findings from psychology into these decisions,” he says.

1. What did the 2015 study find about people walking in nature?

A．Their memory was improved.

B．Their mood remained the same.

C．They had more chance to succeed.

D．They preferred living in a natural setting.

2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．Bratman’s theory.	B．The results of the 2017 study.
C．The process of the 2017 study.	D．The volunteers’ performance.

3. What does Bratman think the study results should be applied to?

A．House designing.	B．City planning.
C．Physical training.	D．Health education.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．Science Contributes to Better Health

B．Ways to Reduce Stress and Lift Mood

C．Studies Show Various Benefits of Hiking

D．Nature Makes You Happier and Less Anxious

3 . Before raising our dog, I used to believe some people I met were “masters of nonverbal communication”, for they were extremely skilled at reading others’ body language. But soon I realized that my family dog was much better at this.

Our golden retriever(金毛寻回犬) sleeps in our bedroom. Although she appears to be in a deep sleep, the sound of moves in our bed causes her to look up, and listen. She can actually distinguish from sound and body movement, whether I am getting up to go to the bathroom or getting out of bed to start the day.

Dogs are closely attuned to sounds. Our dog appears in the kitchen each time I open the fridge or her treat jar. She arrives when I open the kitchen drawer to take out the can opener. When my wife is not feeling well or is sad, the dog comes and lies down beside her out of concern. The dog can tell if we are annoyed at her or if we are about to reward her or give her love.

Why are dogs so good at reading body language? They have sharp senses that give them an advantage over humans, and they also get a lot more practice. So an important body language lesson from your dog is practice. Make it a habit to improve your nonverbal communication skills, and work at it. Observe people interacting and see if you can tell, from their body language alone, what they are talking about, what they are feeling, and what their relationship is. Watch a TV show with the sound off and see if you can figure out what’s going on.

Realize that developing nonverbal communication skills is hard work. Your dog has been doing it all its life.

1. What does the underlined word “attuned” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Afraid.

B．Particular.

C．Addicted.

D．Familiar.

2. How does the author’s dog react when a family member appears uncomfortable?

A．She feels very sad.	B．She gets them food.
C．She accompanies them.	D．She makes soft sounds.

3. What is the author’s advice on improving nonverbal communication skills?

A．Sharpen people’s senses.	B．Communicate more with pets.
C．Take some professional lessons.	D．Observe carefully and practice distinguishing.

4 . There are many theories that suggest different ways of improving memory or thinking more clearly. One of those is the idea that adding rosemary (迷迭香) to your food or water, or even breathing in its fragrance, can give your brain a boost.

First, it’s important to understand what rosemary is.     1     It’s a perennial, meaning that once you plant it, it should re-grow every year when the weather is warm enough for it to do so. It’s native to Asia and the Mediterranean.     2    

Rosemary is related to the mint (薄荷) family of plants. When it blooms, its flowers are white, purple, pink or deep blue. It is often used as a flavor in food, including soups, meat, fish and other Mediterranean food. And it has a somewhat bitter flavor. Some people also enjoy tea flavored with rosemary.     3    

One study that involved 28 older adults found that consumption of a small amount of dried rosemary powder was associated with statistically significantly improved memory speed.     4     Researchers found that their memory of images and numbers improved when the essential oil of rosemary was sprayed in the room.

    5     But one theory is that rosemary appears to have some antioxidant (抗氧剂) properties that may offer some healing for the damage in our bodies. Another idea is that rosemary appears to lower anxiety, which in turn, may increase the ability to concentrate.

While rosemary shows some promise for boosting our brain power, it’s important to check with your doctor before you begin having it.

A．But it is grown in the United States, as well.

B．Rosemary is a herb with needle-like leaves.

C．Here’s what research has found about rosemary.

D．It is unknown if those benefits would hold true for humans.

E．It’s not known for sure why there may be a benefit from rosemary.

F．Rosemary is also used as a perfume and added to shampoo and soap.

G．Another study was performed with 53 students between 13 and 15 years old.

5 . It’s a challenging Friday morning for Jaouad Benaddi. He’s been trying to get his goat to climb an argan tree. He holds a bag of grain (谷物) to encourage a goat to join him, waiting for the goat to catch up and eat for a moment, then holds its neck to pull toward him, but the goat fights back and jumps out of the tree.

Morocco’s tree-climbing goats, which are also called flying goats, have made headlines in recent years. Often described as a unique phenomenon in the North African nation, their climbing is born and natural.

However, Liz Cabrera Holtz, Wildlife Campaign Manager at World Animal Protection, said, “These animals are being controlled and badly treated. They’re not moving freely. They don’t have access to food, water, or even shade. Being forced to stay in trees for hours is not a normal behavior.”

Actually, Morocco is experiencing its worst drought in decades, making it increasingly difficult for farmers to grow crops in this western region. Beginning in the early 2000s, some started treeing their goats to earn tips from tourists. The income source reduced after the COVID-19 hit in early 2020. But after the country’s lockdown ended early this year, the goat-display business continued.

Benaddi says he had no interest in using his goats as roadside attractions until it became too dry to grow crops. “I’m doing a job, the goats are doing a job,” he says. “The money we make is used to buy food for all of us—my family and the goats.”

1. How does Benaddi deal with his goat?

A．Training it to jump out of the tree.	B．Feeding it on some vegetables.
C．Planting some argan trees for it.	D．Attracting it to climb up the tree.

2. What’s Liz’s attitude towards the goats’ situation?

A．Confused.

B．Supportive.

C．Worried.

D．Uncertain.

3. What makes agriculture more difficult in Morocco?

A．The competition in farming.	B．The extreme weather.
C．The requirement of the government.	D．The development of tourism.

4. What can we infer about Benaddi?

A．He depends on his goats to make a living.	B．He is leading a rich life with his family.
C．He spends his money helping the country.	D．He is unwilling to grow crops on the farm.

6 . One of the crucial issues for mankind to solve before landing humans on Mars is that they must find usable water on the barren, reddish planet for the explorers to consume.

A recent finding by Chinese scientists based on data obtained by China’s Martian rover (探测器) Zhurong may have brought that goal closer to reality.

According to data obtained by the rover, they have identified hydrated (含水的) materials at Zhurong’s landing site in the southern part of an impact basin called Utopia Planitia. “These hydrated minerals are associated with bright-toned rocks and are interpreted to be duricrust (铝铁硅钙壳) developed locally. The duricrusts suggest that formation with substantial liquid water originates by either groundwater rising or subsurface ice melting,” reads a paper published in the newest issue of the scientific journal Science Advances.

Liu Yang, lead author of the paper, said their findings indicate that liquid water activities might have been more active than previously thought during the Amazonian Period, which began about 3 billion years ago and remains ongoing. “There is likely to be a large amount of usable water in hydrated minerals around the landing site of Zhurong as well as the vast areas in Mars' northern lowlands,” he added.

Zhurong is the core component (核心部分) of Tianwen-1, the country’s first inter-planetary mission, and is also the sixth rover on the Red Planet, following five from the United States. It is tasked with surveying Mars ’landforms, geological structures, soil characteristics, potential locations of water and ice, and atmospheric and environmental characteristics, as well as magnetic, gravitational and other physical fields.

As of Thursday, Zhurong has worked on Mars for nearly a year — far outliving its three-month life expectancy (预期寿命) and obtained a great deal of data, mission controllers said, adding it still has sufficient energy and is in good condition

1. What does the underlined words “that goal” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Collecting materials on Mars.	B．Landing humans on Mars.
C．Obtaining consumable water on Mars.	D．Testing Rover Zhurong on Mars.

2. What can we learn from duricrust?

A．Mineral amount.	B．Water source.
C．Planet developments.	D．Soil characteristics.

3. Which statement may Liu Yang agree with?

A．Abundant water is stored on Mars.

B．Landing site is the only water location.

C．Water activities began 3 billion years ago.

D．The findings indicate decrease of water formation.

4. What can we learn about Zhurong?

A．It is the first rover on Mars.	B．It can continue to serve on Mars.
C．It searches for minerals on Mars.	D．It is expected to outlive 3 months.

7 . Recently, a design student has developed an auto-mini robot — “A” seedbot that can search through vast deserts, sowing seeds when it finds a suitable area to plant a tree.

The “A” seedbot, created by Mazyar Etehadi from the Dubai Institute of Design and Innovation, could be a new and creative way to transform deserts into greenery. “Planting trees in the desert area can keep the sand and protect the environment,” said Etehadi. It was launched at the Global Grad Show (GGS), an event that has designers come together to showcase innovations that could solve today’s environmental issues.

In an area where high temperatures are limiting to life, the importance of growing plants is crucial. Just eight inches long, the tiny robot is equipped with its own solar panels (太阳能板), allowing it to charge during the day and continue working through the night. It can operate all on its own, using its 3D-printed legs to search for viable spots to plant a seed. In doing so, designers seek to understand how roots work and also to design sensors that might monitor soil pollution, prospect for minerals and look for water.

The robot has a distance sensor that it uses to send reports back to its controller. The only time human needs to step in is to refill the robot with more seeds. “I think it was an easy solution to come up with, but no one had made it, and here comes my idea! It means a lot to the people who have been fighting against the deserts for generations,” said Etehadi. Going forward, he hopes his idea can be adopted by the government, the farming industry, and private individuals as a more efficient way to grow plants.

1. Why did Etehadi develop the “A” seedbot?

A．To lower the temperature.	B．To protect the trees.
C．To turn the desert into greenery.	D．To win the prize in the GGS.

2. What can we know about the “A” seedbot?

A．It can work around the clock.	B．It is powered by electricity.
C．It monitors minerals and water.	D．It can refill itself with seeds.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 3?

A．Distant.

B．Empty.

C．Dry.

D．Suitable.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．A project for creation.	B．A robot for sowing seeds.
C．A student gifted in design.	D．A proposal for environmental protection.

8 . 假定你是学生会主席李华。最近，你在校园里总是看到流浪猫的身影，请你向全校学生发起倡议，为它们建造家园。请按照以下提示写一封英文倡议书。内容包括：
1.现状描述；2.倡议目的；3.提出呼吁。
注意：词数100左右
参考词汇：流浪猫stray cats
Dear boys and girls.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . Doggy dinnertime can be stressful when you have multiple dogs. After all, our four-legged friends can sometimes get a bit bad-tempered with one another when food is involved.

Still, dogs, like humans, are also very generous creatures.    1    . Researchers in Vienna say yes.

Behavioral biologists at the Messerli Research Institute have always known that dogs share food with one another. A few years ago, Messerli researchers developed a task that let dogs deliver treats to other dogs, especially those dogs they were familiar with, by pulling on a rope.    2    .Would dogs be willing to share treats in other social settings?

In a new study published in the journal PLOS One, the same researchers at Messerli concluded that they would share, but mostly with dogs they felt close to. This time the research team used a more complex task set-up for the dogs to deliver food rewards to other dogs.    3    “This time we not only tested a different experimental set-up but also the level of difficulty,” lead study author Rachel Dale says in a statement.

    4    . If the dog touched one token, it got the reward. If it touched one of the two other tokens, the reward went to a partner dog; if it picked the last token, neither got the food.

Scientists then devised three different experiments to see if the dogs were generous with dogs they were familiar with compared to those that were strangers. The results showed that the dogs were more than willing to give their friends treats; they actually picked the token that gave the treats to the dogs they knew nearly three times more often than they gave to the stranger dogs.    5    .

A．That got scientists thinking further.

B．Food is dogs’ primary necessity.

C．But would one dog be willing to share food with another dog?

D．However the scientists didn’t find what they had expected.

E．Maybe humans have something to learn from dogs about sharing.

F．They first trained the dogs to touch three different tokens in exchange for food

G．Instead of pulling a rope, the dogs had to recognize special tokens to give their dog friends a reward.

10 . For more than 5,000 years, chopsticks have been the preferred dining utensil (用具) of a sizable swath of humanity. Nowadays, around a third of the global population uses chopsticks daily. This is both a fact of life and, these implements are often single-use, a serious environmental problem.

Every year, around 80 billion pairs find their way to landfills(垃圾填埋池) “In Vancouver alone, we’re throwing out 100.000 chopsticks a day. ”says Felix Bock, founder of the Vancouver-based startup Chop Value. “They’re traveling 6,000 or 7,000 miles from where they’ re manufactured in Asia to end up on our lunch table for 30 minutes.”

Since 2016, Bock has been on a mission to rethink disposable chopsticks. Rather than try to eliminate them, the engineer has been building a circular economy by giving them a second life. In their homebase of Vancouver, company staff pick up around 350,000 used chopsticks from 300-plus restaurants every week, all of which become book shelves, cutting boards, coasters, desks, and custom decorations. According to Bock, the startup has saved more than 50 million pairs of chopsticks from landfills since its launch.

“Once you see the volume, you think maybe that little humble chopstick can be the start of something big.” Bock says, “My expertise is in bamboo, so 1 always looked at chopstick differently. I used to joke to my friends that I would make something out of chopsticks, since most of the ones we use in North America are made of bamboo.”

Chopsticks are far from the only disposable dining implement to come under scrutiny in recent years. From plastic straws to polystyrene takeout containers, many components of our food cycle sacrifice environmental impact for convenience.

“I think change starts small，and change can be a very relatable thing that we all know from daily life,” Bock says, “Right now, we're focusing on the chopstick because it’s a very powerful story.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．The excessive of the single-use chopsticks can cause a serious environmental problem.

B．Using chopsticks presents a threatening environmental issue.

C．Chopsticks aren’t preferred dinning tool for people until nowadays.

D．Chopsticks can’t be used many times.

2. What does Bock do with the disposable chopsticks?

A．To destroy them	B．To recycle them
C．To decorate them	D．To resell them

3. How does Bock feel about the change of these disposable chopsticks?

A．Critical

B．Negative

C．Ambiguous

D．Positive

4. Where can you find the passage?

A．A book review.	B．A medical journal.
C．An environmental magazine.	D．A biography.