1     (doubt), Earth is becoming warmer and there is strong evidence of     2     causes the dramatic change in the global climate. Actually, the “greenhouse effect” is     3     (blame). The rise in temperature has     4     (lead) to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only     5     (cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, governments need to consider making policies and     6     (take) appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.

China     7     (make) great progress in space programme in recent years, including Yang Liwei’s successfully orbiting Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft in 2003 and Chang’e 4’s exploring the surface of the far side of the moon to make     8     (measure) and observations.

The future of space exploration remains bright.     9     the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enables us     10     (understand) how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.

Xi'an,or Chang'an as it was called for many centuries,has been a built-up urban area for over 3,000 years,and once     1    （serve）as capital for 13 dynasties.It is home     2     many immovable cultural heritages,three of     3     are on the UNESCO 's world cultural heritage list.

These days,the city has made     4    （effect）exploration in building modernity while preserving historical legacy（遗产）.A recent piece of news     5    （announce）by Shaanxi's cultural relic authority caused nationwide attention,that a ruin of ancient capital dating back to Qin Dynasty was unearthed during the construction of the Xi 'an MetroLine5.In order to protect the ruin,the metro line may have to change     6    （it）route.

    7     （face）the heavy and important task of protecting cultural relics while promoting urban construction,Xi’an made active    8    （attempt）.Rails of the metro system are built 15 to 20 meters underground in order to protect the ancient tombs which are     9     （usual）buried in the layer within5meters from the surface level.Besides,the metro constructors have also painted the walls inside the stations with historical stories,presenting       10     visual feast for citizens.

Since mid-July, a large part of Henan province has seen many heavy rains, during     1     time the rainfall over a few days in Henan exceeds (超过) that of a typical year, according to local officials. It was the first time that we     2     (suffer) such heavy rains in several days. Last month, more than 9.3 million people in Henan     3     (report) to have been affected by floods, with over hundreds of people     4     (lose) their lives. The government said that by 29^th July, huge funds had been raised by     5     (count) organizations and individuals voluntarily. Lots of netizens released videos of support and     6     (encourage) to people affected by the heavy rains,     7     (inspire) them to be more active in responding to frequent extreme weather changes.

We are reminded how fragile we human beings are when faced     8     natural disasters. Despite being struck, we firmly believe that our government will pay     9     it takes to save her people. As     10     matter of fact, rainstorm has no sympathy, but people have love.

A male elephant that broke away from the wandering elephant pack     1    ( send) back to its forest home on Wednesday in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China's Yunnan Province, local authorities said.

Yuxi City headquarters in charge of monitoring the pack's migration (迁徙) took the     2     (decide) early Wednesday morning     3     ( prevent) the lone animal from entering heavily populated areas. At 3 p. m.，the elephant was caught and returned to the nature reserve. The animal appeared     4     (health) and did not suffer from any injuries.

The pack of 15 wandering wild Asian elephants travelled about 500 kilometers north from their forest home. The male elephant separated from the pack on June 6, and moved around in the     5     (city) of Kunming, Anning and Yuxi, with an activity area of 140 square kilometers and a walking distance of 190 kilometers. It had relied mainly on     6     was provided by the locals. The     7    (remain) 14 elephants have been moving southward recently but are still far from the reserve.

Asian elephants are     8     A-level state protection in China, where they are     9     (most) found in Yunnan. Thanks to determined protection efforts in recent decades, the wild elephant population in     10     province has grown to about 300, from 193 in the 1980s.

It is reported that at present a city in Japan has a problem with graffiti(涂鸦). However, it is not the usual type of graffiti with paint from spray cans     1    (use) to write on walls. It is graffiti in sand.

Officials in the city of Tottori are asking tourists to give up     2     (write) messages and drawing pictures in the sand of its giant sand dunes (沙丘). The officials say the graffiti causes damage to the dunes,     3     destroys the pleasure others get in looking at the sand.

More than 3,300 cases of "sand graffiti"     4     (occur) at the tourist spot in the past decade. In January, two overseas tourists were ordered     5     (erase) a 25-meter-long message that read "Happy Birthday Natalie".

The Tottori Sand Dunes are famous throughout Japan     6     their natural beauty. They are the largest and longest sand dunes in the country and form part of     7     scenic coastal park on the sea of Japan coast. The biggest dune is 50 meters high.

The local government wants to improve tourists' understanding of the     8     (important) of the dunes. It will set up much     9     (many) signs in English, Chinese and Korean asking people to respect the dunes. A spokesman said, "We are concerned about whether the rules are     10     (complete) understood, and we want to continue to protect views of the beautiful sand dunes."

    1    (lie) under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks, all of     2     indicate human attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners. While there is little land on our planet left unexplored, the vast sea bed almost     3    (remain) unknown.

Considering our limited knowledge, it's not surprising that exploration of the oceans constantly brings about discoveries in various     4    (science) fields.

First, many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters, including whole cities     5    (bury) underwater. The ruins offer precious information about the past. However, the challenges of pressure, darkness and intense cold at vast depths make     6     difficult to discover more of the past.

Amazing biological discoveries are also being made, like the barreleye living 6,000 meters below the ocean's surface. Such discoveries enable us     7    (have) a better knowledge of the capacity for life even in extreme circumstances.

Additionally, so far more new natural resources such as fire ice     8    (find) in oceans. Besides, the research conducted by China's underwater vessels helps scientists identify areas for deep-sea drilling and better understand how the sea bed was formed.

Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery. Oceans will be as familiar     9     us as the land where we live through all-round international     10    (cooperate).

“Animals are a who, not a what,” animal advocates say. Animal rights activists, including Jane Goodall, want writers —     1     take guidance from the Associated Press Stylebook — to stop referring to an animal as “it.”

Animals are a part of some of the most important     2    （story）being told right now, but they are not always given     3     voice. We have learned much about how intelligent, social, complex and unique as individuals they are, and we know they are important. But many times, they     4    （describe）as if they are merely objects whose lives and interests don't deserve further     5    （consider）on our part.

Jane Goodall points out that when she     6    （start）her research, she was told that her findings and approaches, such as     7    （give）names to chimpanzees, were wrong. She was told that the belief that they have emotions was also     8    （correct）.

“But we know that animals feel joy, pain     9     grieve; We are not separate     10     other species,” Goodall adds. We must recognize that every individual nonhuman animal is a ‘who,' not a ‘what.'

As the world    1    （large）cotton consumer and the second largest producer of cotton, China has a long history of cotton cultivation. It is worth    2    （mention）that Xinjiang cotton is highly regarded because of its high yield and high quality.

    3    （locate）in the inland of Eurasia（欧亚大陆）, Xinjiang has a typical mild continental climate. Drought, little rain, sufficient heat, big temperature    4    （different）between day and night and long day make a good growth environment for cotton.

Though Xinjiang has little rainfall, it has a large number of snow-capped mountains, from which meltwater gives cotton abundant water resource. Meanwhile,    5    contrast to the instable rainfall in the monsoon（季风）regions, mountain snowmelt has the characteristics of stable water transportation,    6    is very suitable for the growth of cotton.

Xinjiang is lightly populated and has a vast planting area. It has    7    area of 1.66 million square kilometers and a population of about 23 million. The cotton planting area    8    （cover）25,019.3 square kilometers in 2020，according to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Xinjiang.

The combination of advantaged    9    （nature）conditions and mechanical technology makes Xinjiang cotton have good quality. Endless white cotton has also become one of the    10    （symbol）of great beauty in Xinjiang.

In 2004, the junior high school student, now 13, launched the basketball-themed Hoops of Hope,     1     “charged” people in his neighborhood $1 for every basket he shot. Since then, thousands of youngsters have picked up on the idea and raised more than $325,000 for the cause. “It works     2     kids of my age want a chance to do something great and be part of something like this,” Gutwein told China Daily.

“I realized these kids weren’t any     3     (difference) from me, except that they were suffering     4     (terrible) and I wanted to do something to help     5     (they),” he said.

    6     the help of non-government organizations, Hoops of Hope has built a school for HIV/AIDS orphans and a medical lab in Zambia in South Africa.

Another participant, Li Yeqiao, a 15-year-old student at Beijing Bayi Middle School, told the conference how the group seeks to improve the way electronic waste     7     (deal) with, and encourages people     8     (save) water and care for animals. “We have developed 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) living habits. Our initiatives (首先行动)    9     (have) a positive impact on the local environment.” Li said.

British animal behavior expert Jane Goodall introduced the Roots & Shoots concept to China in 2000 to promote environmental and humanitarian education programs to     10     (child). There are now 300 of such groups in the country.