1 . Plastic straws (吸管) have been a major problem in global discussions of environmental damage. Maybe because of their small size, the production cost of straws is low. In many countries, straws are offered freely after buying soft drinks. Therefore, plastic straws are one of the most used plastics and pollutants in the world.

The plastic straw is light and small. Due to their small size, plastic straws are often eaten by sea animals. Environmentalists have shown that the death of many sea animals is caused by eating plastic straws. The other damaging characteristic of plastic straws is that they are made of materials which cannot degrade. That means the materials cannot be changed into small harmless (无害的) ones.

The most effective way of dealing with the environmental pollution caused by plastic straws is the reuse or banning (禁止) the use of plastic straws. Being plastics, the straws can be made new items. Many organizations around the world change used straws into new products. In Africa, local communities collect used plastic straws and use them to make mats and bags. Another way of dealing with environmental pollution caused by plastic straws is placing a ban on their production and use. Experts advise governments to ban using plastic straws to save the environment. A few countries in the world such as Rwanda, Macedonia, China, Kenya have already banned the use of plastic bags and are expected to include plastic straws and bottles. But it will be a long way to do this effectively.

There are few environmentally friendly and biodegradable productions to take the place of plastic straws. These productions include paper straws, bamboo straws. However, such straws are usually expensive as their production cost is high. It’s still a question whether they can entirely take the place of plastic straws.

1. Why can people be free to use plastic straws?

A．They are very cheap.	B．They are light and small.
C．They are dangerous.	D．They are easy to use.

2. What does the underlined word “due to” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Cut up.

B．Because of.

C．Go on.

D．Break out.

3. What can we learn from paragraph 3?

A．It’s not difficult to ban using plastic straws.

B．Many countries have stopped using plastic straws.

C．Experts advise people to stop producing plastic straws.

D．Some Africans change plastic straws into new products.

4. What does the author think of environmentally friendly straws?

A．It is a must to use them.

B．It’s not easy to reuse them.

C．There are still some problems to be solved.

D．There are some other kinds of cheaper straws.

2 . Many children want to have their own pets, but how to be a good pet owner? Besides giving them food and water, what else can we do to give our pets much love?

Provide your pet with the correct diet.

If you prefer to change the previous diet of your pet, do it slowly so that they adjust (适应) properly.     1     Young dogs will need different types of dog food compared to older dogs. And remember, do not overfeed your pet.

Clean their housing often.

Clean your pet’s home at least once a week and any other times if necessary. Generally, a pet’s home should be clean so it is a good environment for the animal.     2    

Keep your pet clean.

If you have a dog that always plays in the mud, it’s necessary to give it a shower every day!     3     If it is too hot or too cold for you, then it will be the same for the animal.

Train your pet.

    4     However, a lot of bad pet behavior is simply caused by boredom, so shake it up a little. If possible, take your pet to some classes.

    5    

Put a collar on your pet with your personal information and the pet’s name. Remember to close the cage door so there is no chance of escaping and being in an unsafe place.

A．Never hurt or harm your pet.

B．Be an owner with a sense of duty.

C．No one wants a cat that jumps on the table.

D．Animals require different diets based on age.

E．Remember that you should check the water first with your hand.

F．Water should be fresh, clean and changed daily to keep your pet healthy.

G．Without good living conditions, an animal will get sick more, and feel unhappy.

3 . 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick 将于10月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点的情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。

旅游资源	许多世界著名的风景名胜，如九寨沟（湖水清澈见底；色彩斑斓）和都江堰水利工程（2,000多年的历史；仍在发挥作用）
相关信息	气候适宜；交通便利

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation Project
Dear Nick,

I’m glad to hear that you’re coming to Sichuan in October. 　

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Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

5 . In the US and Britain, the slogan around colleges was "Save water. Shower with a friend." Now, Wuhan University has come up with another system for the campus bathhouse. It charges students for the amount of time in a shower. Before entering the bathhouse, students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower with cash or their student ID card. The clock starts ticking the minute the tap is turned on. It pauses when a button is pressed for soap. An integrated circuit (IC) card reader at each tap shows the time. No money, no water. The benefits of the new system can be seen with the old system, which charged 1 yuan for each person regardless of time in the shower. The university used about 320 tons of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.

Many students use the new system but opinions on it are divided. Some students say it is bad because bathing had become a sort of race. Many people using it for the first time are not sure how long they need to shower. Some might be embarrassed if their time is up and they're still covered in soap. They have to ask the bathhouse worker to help them buy extra time.

"It's a flaw in the system that you can not buy extra time on the ID card," said Ren, a freshman in Wuhan University. The university is also considering some students' suggestions that they be allowed to pay after they've finished the shower. Not surprisingly, some are complaining about losing the hour shower. But many students say the move helps them develop a water-saving sense.

Without the time limits, most students tended to shower from 30 to an hour in the bathhouse.Some even used the hot water to wash their clothes. "In my experience, 10-20 minutes is enough," said Dai Zhihua, a third-year student who usually takes 8 minutes.

A similar system has been installed in other universities. Shanghai Normal University introduced it at its Fengxiang Campus in September. The bathing fee there is 0.2 yuan per minute. One male student responded by setting a record with a two-minute shower.

1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．Students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower.

B．The clock times all through except when the bather pauses for soap.

C．If money runs out, there will be no water.

D．Having finished bathing, the student has to pay for it.

2. The underlined word "flaw" (Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.

A．perfection	B．convenience
C．fortune	D．fault

3. We can infer from the passage that ________.

A．the new operation can solve the water crisis

B．the new operation can help raise students' environmental awareness

C．a similar operation has been set in other universities

D．the university has saved a lot of water by using the new system

4. In which column of a newspaper can you find this passage?

A．People	B．Society
C．Campus Life	D．Lifestyle

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jane Goodall had wanted     1     (work) with animals in their own environment since she was a child. But this was not easy.     2     she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for     3     woman to live in the forest. However,     4    the help of her mother, she began her work with the chimps, which changed the way     5    people think about chimps. Spending years observing and recording their daily activities, Jane discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat, against what people used to think. She also discovered how chimps communicate     6    each other.     7     (work) with the chimps for years, Jane has argued that wild animals should     8    (leave) in the wild and not used for     9    (entertain) or advertisements. She has achieved everything she wanted to do, but more     10     (important), she has got the world to understand and respect the lives of chimps.

8 . Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali（碱性的）sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.

Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”— the land of fire. Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(纪念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.

Here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’ s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.

1. _______ is the lowest place in the desert.

A．Tomesha	B．Death Valley
C．Nevada	D．Badwater

2. The name of the valley comes from _______.

A．an Indian name	B．the death of the miners
C．the local people	D．a National Movement

3. From the passage we can learn that _______.

A．no one had ever known the desert before the miners

B．it’s still not easy to travel across the desert

C．people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desert

D．people have changed the natural sight of the desert

4. From the passage we can see that the writer _______ the Death Valley.

A．appreciates	B．is fearful of
C．dislikes	D．is tired of

9 . The Chapramari Forest lies in the eastern area of India.     1     . But a large group of elephants found green grasses along the railway line that crosses through the forest. As the elephants got near and on the tracks at dusk, a passenger train traveling at 50 mph knocked into the herd. Seven elephants were killed, and 10 injured.

    2     . The deaths occur at hot spots in a few Indian states where trains intersect (交叉) with elephant habitats. It's puzzling why this highly intelligent animal would wait on the tracks     3     .

After a collision this past April in Odisha state that killed four elephants, Indian Railways lowered speed limits to as low as 18 mph in several areas in the country's east.     4     . Beginning late last year, railway officials in the east have fixed a kind of equipment that could loudly broadcast the buzz of honeybees, a sound that they hope keeps elephants away given their fear of honeybees. In the northern state of Uttara hand, the forest department is using drones (遥控飞机) to keep track of animal movement.     5     .

More permanent solutions include constructing overpasses or underpasses as safe crossing points for the elephants, elevating the railway track, or getting the track away from sensitive areas.

A．because they are attracted by the green grass

B．Still, three elephants were killed in train accidents in that state since February

C．Many of the plants here dry up in winter

D．And the measures they take are working wonders

E．In India trains have killed 281 elephants from 1987 to July 2018

F．when it can feel the train's movement

G．But train conductors often break speed regulations

10 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
【注意】
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

We have a pit bull(比特犬). We found him a few weeks ago, walking along the road in a rural area. He tried jumping on cars, and we thought maybe his family was camping somewhere nearby, so we passed him by. A few hours later, on our return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying to get folks to stop for him. When he saw us, he lay down in the middle of the road, so we were unable to get around him.

We stopped the car and looked around for a few minutes, trying to figure out if anyone was around from whom he was separated. It didn’t appear so. Then, we took a good look at the dog. He had no collar and he was really thin. We decided he was deserted.

My husband sad, “If he doesn’t bite me when I try to pick him up to put him in the car, then we have a new dog.” The dog happily joined us with no fight at all. The only thing we were in danger of was getting licked to death. He kept sticking his head between the two front seats and thanking us for picking him up.

The dog was clearly on the road for some time, He was extremely under weight. He was covered in scars and new wounds. We have guessed that some of the scars were from when he was on the road. We thought of possible fights with coyotes(土狼), but he also looked as though he was used to fighting other dogs. We figured his incredibly sweet personality was the reason why he was deserted. He can’t have been a good fighting dog.

Therefore, we fed him a lot over the course of the next two weeks and he gained over twenty pounds.

注意：
1.所续写短文（两部分共计）的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：

We took him to the vet.

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Paragraph 2：

Now we all love the dog very much. He once happened to save me from trouble.

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