1 . Now too much CO₂ makes the Earth warmer and warmer, and brings bad effect to people. To save our Earth, a new lifestyle called low-carbon life becomes popular. Low carbon means low energy and no waste. It is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low-carbon life.

To live a low-carbon life, we’d better save as much energy as we can. For example, turn off the lights and TV when you don’t use them, use cold water to wash clothes or dishes; take a short shower and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warm; don’t do the cooking with electricity.

To live a low-carbon life, we should eat less meat. Being a vegetarian can help reduce (减少) one and a half ton of carbon dioxide a year, but keeping animals for food produces even more carbon dioxide than all the cars do in the world.

To live a low-carbon life, we should plant more trees. Trees are very important for us. They can not only produce oxygen for us to breathe and keep the air clean, but also take in the harmful gases from the air. To protect trees we should stop people from cutting down trees and plant as many trees as we can.

If we can keep them a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on.

1. Why does low-carbon life become popular?

A．Because it can protect animals.	B．Because it can save the earth.
C．Because it can protect trees.	D．Because it can clean water.

2. How many kinds of way of living a low-carbon life are talked about in the passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

3. What can we do to make carbon dioxide become less?

A．We can use cold water in our life.	B．We can try to use less water.
C．We can eat too much meat.	D．We can take a bath.

4. What does the underlined word “them” refer to?

A．The ways to protect trees.	B．The ways to keep animals for food.
C．The ways to live a comfortable life.	D．The ways to live a low-carbon life.

2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Surviving Mount Rainier

Bad luck and poor timing left Kart and three climbers stuck on Mount Rainier for several long days. They faced mountain climbing’s toughest tests. One man suffered altitude sickness; ice and rockfall rained down at night; cold nights in a tent that got torn left them hypothermic(体温过低的). Calm confidence, skill and the courage to continue up the route, despite illness and injury, likely saved their lives.

The climbers set out on a Friday, camping low on the route the first night because they were concerned about rockfall after a climber had recently died in an accident at the route’s typical high camp. On Saturday, at about 10,500 feet, one of the climbers became sick from the altitude, which began to slow them down. They needed to keep moving, so they put him in the lead so he could move at a pace he was comfortable with.

By Sunday evening, the ill climber was exhausted, and they had to make an unplanned camp on steep snow. They were in a bad place—on a platform about the size of a table under an ice cliff. The wind got stronger during the night, ripping the tent and snapping the poles. They tried to secure it by placing their packs and rocks around the edges. Finally, they just stuck their feet between the rocks and held the tent with their bodies. It was a cold night.

注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好;
Paragraph 1:

On Monday, they managed to call 911 but forgot to ask how to communicate with the rangers (护林员) before losing signal.

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Paragraph 2

On Wednesday, they gathered everything and decided to carry on with their climb.

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3 . Want to help butterflies? A new study suggests turning off the lights.

Light pollution at night can disturb its abilities to recognize directions, researchers have found. Artificial light can disrupt their circadian (昼夜) rhythms and affect their sense of directions. That can make the butterflies disoriented when they try to fly the next day.

“Darkness is important to butterflies since the internal circadian clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day-night lighting cycles,” study author Patrick Guerra, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati, tells Treehugger.

Monarch butterflies migrate (迁徙) by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the continent to California and Mexico and back. Because most butterflies only live for a few weeks to a few months, it takes several generations of butterflies to complete the migration. But too much light at the wrong time can urge the butterflies to take off when they should be resting instead for their voyage.

“As monarch butterflies are a threatened species with their population numbers in decline, we wanted to see what types of environmental stress might be linked to their decline,” Guerra says.

For their study, researchers conducted lab studies where they reproduced the effects of artificial light pollution with butterflies using a flight simulator (模拟器).

They first tested if monarchs treated a single, artificial light source as if it were the actual sun during the day. Once they established what they did, they then tested how the monarchs would behave when exposed to this same artificial light source during their night.

Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.

“These findings demonstrate how urbanization can negatively affect important biological phenomena, and therefore allow us to understand how human activity impacts the rest of nature,” Guerra says.

1. What does the underlined word “disoriented” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Slow down.

B．Die off.

C．Feel sleepy.

D．Get lost.

2. What did the researchers want to find out in the study?

A．Why the monarch butterflies migrate.

B．What reduced the number of monarch butterflies.

C．Why darkness is important to monarch butterflies.

D．How monarch butterflies adapt to the environment.

3. What might be used in the experiment?

A．A flashlight.

B．The sun.

C．The moon.

D．A clock.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Natural Light Is Important to Insects

B．Monarch Butterflies Are in Great Danger

C．Butterflies React Actively to Air Pollution

D．Light Pollution Can Affect Butterfly Migration

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

After a heart operation, I figured taking care of a dog would keep me active. So I went to the animal shelter, where a little dog in a cage caught my eye. Her name was Honey and she was five months old. The worker opened Honey’s cage and I picked her up. We both went to the yard where I picked up a ball and threw it. I sat down, watching Honey run after it. She ran back toward me, ball in mouth. Immediately, I filled out the paperwork and took Honey home.

One morning last year I decided to take Honey out with me. My wife was away for a few days and I didn’t want to leave Honey alone. I took my keys and opened the door of my car. Honey jumped into it and sat in the back seat.

I drove around the road slowly. Just then, a flash of sunlight blinded me. I put my hand up to protect my eyes. I felt the car slipped in the soft soil, and rolled and rolled until I heard a horrible noise. A giant part of the roof hit my leg and chest. I was pinned. With a sharp pain in my chest, I looked over to find Honey was still in the back seat, trembling.

I tried to see if I could unpin myself, but I failed. I fetched my cell phone and dialed 911. Just as I’d feared, I couldn’t get a signal at the bottom of this valley. Robin, my closest neighbor, lived a quarter mile uphill from me. There was no reason she would drive up to my house.

My chest hammered. I reached into my pocket and pulled out the pills. I ate one and took a deep breath. My heartbeat slowed. I knew that I must get Honey out first. There was a hole in the driver’s side window, small but maybe enough. Painfully, I reached over and picked her up. I gently got her through it. I patted her and she jumped to the ground and ran up the side of the valley.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My pulse was weakening with the sun set.

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Robin brought Honey to the hospital the next day.

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5 . Collecting rainwater is important. It can help you save both money and the environment while preventing possible damage.     1     And lots of people have taken action to do it.

    2     Many people pay monthly for the water from the city water supply. Collecting rainwater can help you save part of that money. Why? You can use the rainwater to water your garden and wash your pets, houses, and cars without ever opening the city water supply.

Plants can grow better. It’s a known fact that plants are not huge fans of tap water. Tap water is treated with numerous chemicals unfriendly to plants. But with rainwater, you’ll never have to worry about these chemicals. After all, rainwater is a natural source of water. It generally won’t harm plants.     3    

It can protect your property (房产) from rain damage. Too much rain may damage your home.     4     This is especially true if your house doesn’t have a water collecting system.

The system can help direct rainwater away from your home to where you want to collect it, which also prevents water from flooding in your neighborhood.

You’ll help clean natural waterways. Rainwater helps the ground stay clean. But when it runs along rooftops, streets, etc., it collects many pollutants.     5     However, by collecting the water, you can prevent a considerable percentage of the pollutants from reaching the natural waterways in your hometown.

A．It’s helpful in reducing your water bills.

B．Your city offers cheaper drinking water.

C．Instead, it can promote certain plants’ growth.

D．It’s hard to collect enough water during dry seasons.

E．The resulting dirty water flows into the natural waterways.

F．Nowadays, many towns encourage people to collect rainwater.

G．For example, in rainy seasons, rainstorms may destroy your yard.

6 . Researchers from The University of Queensland(UQ)have helped design a new app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by eliminating language barriers among scientists. The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.

UQ’s Dr Pablo Negret said the research team analysed more than 10,000 bird species, and found that 1,587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions. “Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in translation,” Dr Negret said. “Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”

Take the common bird Pochard for example. It is classified as vulnerable species(易危种)and crosses 108 countries in Europe, Asia and north Africa, where a total of 75 official languages are spoken. The survival of the common Pochard, and so many other species, depends on effective cooperation and policy agreements among people with diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds.

This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds exist geographically, in relation to the language spoken in those regions. ”We hope the app will encourage researchers and conservation organisations to interact with their peers in other regions, especially if they speak different languages, and be a starting point to allow everyone to work together to protect threatened species,” Dr Negret said.

Dr Tatsuya Amano, a researcher and the co-author of the paper, said this work could extend further than bird species. “Any species, whether they’re mammals, amphibians(两栖动物), or plants, with a range crossing multiple countries will be impacted by language barriers, as well as species that migrate across different countries, such as marine species and butterflies,” he said. ”The significance of the impact of poor communication on such an important issue is evident, and is the reason why we’re working hard to improve science communication across languages.”

1. What does the underlined word “eliminating“ in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Giving in to.

B．Coming across.

C．Putting up with.

D．Breaking down.

2. What is the function of adequate sharing of information?

A．Ensuring the effectiveness of protective measures.

B．Helping people know more about scientists’ efforts.

C．Spreading knowledge of the diversity of birds worldwide.

D．Compromising the effectiveness of conservation measures.

3. What is shown on the app?

A．The producer of the app.	B．The organizations involved.
C．The location of endangered birds.	D．The information of new geographers.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Birds Protection Is an Urgency	B．A New Bird App Spreads Its Wings
C．A New Bird App Helps Learn Languages	D．Poor Communication Impacts Cooperation

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Huangguoshu Waterfall, also called Huangguoshu or Huangguoshu Falls, is the largest waterfall in Asia and the third largest waterfall in the world.     1     (undoubted), it is Guizhou's NO.1 natural attraction. Compared     2     the amazing natural wonders — Jiuzhaigou National Forest Park in Sichuan and Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan, though Huangguoshu Waterfall is less visited by international travelers, it has     3     (it) own unique features.

Located on the Baishui River in Anshun, Guizhou (about 128 kilometers away from Guiyang,     4     capital of Guizhou), Huangguoshu National Park is centered at Huangguoshu Waterfall which is at 83 meters in width and 67 meters in     5     (high). There are altogether 18 waterfalls with various sizes. The total width of the combined waterfalls     6     (be) 101 meters. All the waterfalls form a great “family”,     7     is ranked as the largest waterfall cluster (群) in the world in the Guinness Book of World Records. Huangguoshu Waterfall is so impressive and it can     8     (view) from all angles — above, below, front, back, left and right.     9     (get) the best views and hear the deafening roar (轰鸣), travelers should visit Wang Shui Ting and the viewing platform by Rhinoceros Pool. It is a great idea to spend one day     10     (explore)Huangguoshu Waterfall from Guiyang City.

8 . A team at Oregon State University has started a three-year study into the effects of poor air quality from wildfires on dairy cows(奶牛). In an area hit by increasingly severe and numerous wildfires, and where there are a large number of cows, identifying the impacts of wildfires on cows' milk production and welfare is vital.

Previous research from the University of Idaho has found that cows exposed to poor air quality and heat stress, which were caused by wildfires, produced around 1.3 liters less milk per day than the average. The study must be expanded in order to explore broader patterns.

Ashly Anderson, who worked on this particular study, said, “Due to climate change, we're going to be seeing more wildfires-and because of that there are going to be more animals exposed to wildfires. Being able to tell what kind of effects there are and how they might be affected in the future is very important.”

In an attempt to collect more data, Juliana Ranches and her colleague Jenifer Cruickshank have begun their three-year study. They have put 30 cows, which they refer to as “smoke cows”, out to pasture(牧场). Each time there is a wildfire event which results in an Air Quality Index measure of over 50, Ranches takes daily milk samples and blood tests. She also monitors and measures the cows' respiratory(呼吸的)rates and body temperatures.

“We're getting a clearer picture of what these cows are experiencing, through poor air quality associated with wildfires—a better understanding of the effects on them. With that information, we can start to look at the negative effects and minimize the damage," Juliana Ranches said.

As summers in Oregon become hotter and drier, wildfires are on the rise, even in western parts of the state which have not historically seen them as frequently. This study and others into the impacts of smoke on dairy cows provide important information for dairy farmers, when it comes to both the welfare of their animals and their commercial productivity.

1. What has the research from the University of Idaho found?

A．Wildfires can cause cows to produce less milk.

B．Cows' milk production is causing air pollution.

C．The number of cows in Oregon gradually drops.

D．The air quality in all states is becoming poorer.

2. What does Ashly Anderson try to stress?

A．The root cause of the global climate change.

B．The best way to live in harmony with animals.

C．The value of protecting animals from wildfires.

D．The necessity of identifying the effects of wildfires.

3. What does Juliana Ranches do for her study?

A．She cures cows of their illnesses.	B．She keeps cows away from smoke.
C．She monitors cows' physical health.	D．She helps cows produce more milk.

4. What does the text say about the three-year study?

A．It is significant for dairy farmers.	B．It needs to be improved in various aspects.
C．It misses important information.	D．It is the first to study wildfires and cows.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

During the October holiday, my parents and I made a trip to Mount Wuyi,    1    is lying at the junction (交叉点) of Fujian and Jiangxi Provinces. It is a popular tourist attraction. In December 1999, Mount Wuyi is listed as the World's natural and    2     (culture) heritage by the UNESCO.

With rich tourism resources, Mount Wuyi is a good place    3     (relax) ourselves. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty (1100—771 BCE) , it was well-known as a place of interest. It is    4     (amaze) that there are 2,527 kinds of plant species and about 5,000 species of wild animals. Some of them faced great survival challenges in the past but now measures    5     (take) to protect them by the local people.

Mount Wuyi Scenic Area is    6     (extreme) large. The distance between attractions is so long    7    we were not able to visit all the sites in the mountain. We only reached some main attractions such    8    Heavenly Tour Peak, Wuyi Palace, Dahongpao Tea Trees, Water Curtain Cave. These famous sights left us a deep    9     (impress) . Though tired, we enjoyed ourselves. We're looking forward to    10     (explore) other attractions in Mount Wuyi next time.

10 . Every year, more than 13 billion plastic bottles are sold in Britain. All of them     1     (use) only once, and only half of them are recycled.

Some think plastic bottles should be banned (明令禁止).     2     think they should be recycled. Others think a returning plan should be brought in to avoid the     3     (pollute) of rivers and seas. That is to say, people will get up to 20 pence back every time they return     4    bottle. A returning plan for bottles is already     5     (success) in Germany, where 98.5% of plastic bottles are returned.     6     (lucky), there are already signs that things are changing for the better. Last year, Selfridges stopped     7     (sell) single-use water bottles. London Zoo announced that it would also ban them. It sold 155,000 plastic bottles,     8    can be filled by visitors from taps. Families visiting beaches this summer are being asked to take part in a plan called “Return To Offender”. The idea is     9     (post) plastic bottles and other litter they find back to the     10     (company) that made them, using their freepost addresses.