1 . Although a few recreational snowmobilers (驾驶摩托雪橇者) destroy ecosystems as they ride through the wilderness, most snowmobilers love and respect America’s natural heritage. That’s why they brave the cold to explore what is left of wild America — including Yellowstone National Park. Unfortunately these snowmobilers are unconsciously damaging what they love. Because snowmobiles in the park not only create both air and noise pollution but also strains (使紧张) the already tight budget of the park service, recreational snowmobiles should be banned from Yellowstone National Park.
It may be hard to imagine that about 1,000 snowmobiles a day could lead to air pollution in a park half the size of Connecticut, but in fact they can. In addition to polluting the air, snowmobiles are noisy, disturbing the peace and silence that park visitors have a right to expect. One study reports that twelve snowmobiles traveling together could be heard as far as two miles away. Such noise affects the park’s wildlife.
Funds that should be used to preserve Yellowstone National Park and its wildlife have been used to deal with the snowmobile issue. Also, park rangers are spending an increasing amount of their valuable time policing snowmobilers, which takes away from park rangers’ primary responsibility—preserving this country’s treasured natural resources.
Opponents of a ban argue that a central mission of the park service is to provide access to national parks. Admittedly, winter access is important, but ordinary people can enjoy the park by means other than snowmobiles. Also, the park service’s mission is not just to provide access to the parks; no less important is its mission to preserve the parks’ pristine natural resources for future generations.
Even with a ban on snowmobiling in the park itself, the Yellowstone area would still earn the title of Snowmobiling Capital of America. All of the streets of West Yellowstone, the area’s major town, are open to snowmobilers, and many trails run out of the town. As to Yellowstone National Park, a ban on snowmobiles would allow the park service to devote more of its limited resources to one of its primary missions: the protection of natural resources. Visitors would still be able to appreciate Yellowstone’s beauty— its geysers, its wildlife, and its snow-covered vistas —throughout the park’s long winter.
1. What can we learn about most snowmobilers from paragraph 1?| A．They enjoy winter adventures. | B．They try to reduce water pollution. |
| C．They make a lot of money by snowmobiling. | D．They have destroyed the hottest snowmobling spot. |
| A．Effects of air pollution. | B．Measures of wildlife protection. |
| C．Rights expected by visitors. | D．Problems caused by snowmobiles. |
| A．Solving snowmobile issues. | B．Providing access to the park. |
| C．Protecting natural resources. | D．Collecting funds for the park. |
| A．Preserving Yellowstone’s winter wilderness |
| B．Solving financial problems of national parks |
| C．Improving the service of Yellowstone National Park |
| D．Exploring popular snowmobile destinations this winter |
2 . In shallow coastal waters of the Indian ocean, Dugong, a kind of sea cow, is in trouble. Environmental problems pose such a major threat to its survival that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) upgraded the species’ extinction risk status(地位)to vulnerable (脆弱的).
Much worse, Dugongs are at risk of losing the protection of the Torres Strait Islanders, who have looked after them historically, hunting them for food sustainably and monitoring their numbers. These native people keep their biodiversity, and have deep knowledge about their environment. But these people are also threatened, in part because rising sea levels are making it difficult for them to live there.
This situation isn’t unique to Dugongs. A global analysis of 385 culturally important plant and animal species found 68 percent were both biologically vulnerable and at risk of losing their cultural protection.
The findings clearly illustrate that biology shouldn’t be the primary factor in shaping conservation policy,says anthropologist Victoria Reyes-García.When a culture declines,the species that are important to that culture are also threatened.“Lots of conservationists think we need to separate people from nature,” says Reyes-García. “But that strategy misses the caring relationship many cultural groups have with nature.”
One way to help shift conservation efforts is to give species a “bio-cultural status,”which would provide a fuller picture of their vulnerability. In the study, the team used a new way to determine a species’ risk of disappearing: the more a cultural group’s language use declines, the more that culture is threatened.The more a culture is threatened, the more culturally vulnerable its important species are. Researchers then combined a species’ cultural and biological vulnerability to arrive at its bio-cultural status. In the Dugong’s case, its bio-cultural status is endangered, meaning it is more at risk than its IUCN categorization suggests.
This new approach to conservation involves people that have historically cared for them. It can highlight when communities need support to continue their care. Scientists hope it will bring more efforts that recognize local communities’ rights and encourage their participation-taking advantage of humans’ connection with nature instead of creating more separation.
1. What is the relationship between the native people and Dugongs?| A．The native people help conserve Dugongs. |
| B．The native people train Dugongs to survive. |
| C．Dugongs ruin the native people’s environment. |
| D．Dugongs force the native people to leave home. |
| A．The protection policy is used incorrectly. |
| B．Culture is connected to species’ existence. |
| C．Many groups take good care of each other. |
| D．Conservationists prefer nature over people. |
| A．It involves more preservation efforts. |
| B．It relies on the IUCN’s classification. |
| C．It highlights the effect of human languages. |
| D．It assesses the biological influence of a species. |
| A．Conservative. |
| B．Favourable. |
| C．Critical. |
| D．Ambiguous. |
When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I sometimes allowed them to walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dog followed them home after school. It had short legs and long lovely ears. It was the cutest dog I had ever seen and the girls begged me to keep it.
The dog was about twelve weeks old. It had no collar (项圈) or identifying marks of any sort. I didn’t know what to do. I thought about posting an advertisement but I really didn’t want to. It would break the kids’ hearts if someone should show up. Besides, its owners should have watched it more closely.
By the end of the week the dog was part of our family. It was very intelligent and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular advertisement jumped out at me and my heart beat with fear for what I read. Someone was begging for the return of a lost dog in the neighborhood of our grade school. The owner sounded extremely eager. My hand shook, and I couldn’t bring myself to pick up the paper.
Instead, I pretended I hadn’t seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away in the drawer and continued with my dusting. I never said a word about it to the kids or my husband.
By then we had named the dog. It was Kevin, so we called it Kevin. It followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, it was one step behind them. When they did the housework, it was there to lend a hand.
There was only one problem with this seemingly perfect picture: my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I wondered in my heart whether I had to call that number in the paper and see if our Kevin was the dog they were desperately seeking. It was the most difficult thing for me to do.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But I had to make a decision.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The woman said, “Where is my dog? I would like to have a look at it.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________It was a sunny summer morning, the breeze blowing gently. As planned, Jackson took a trip into the remote wilds near Olom Village, in the Sakha Republic, Russia. His four-year-old daughter, Karina, found him leaving and wanted to follow him to give her dad a surprise. She slipped out of the house, with nobody realizing it, even Jackson.
Unfortunately, she walked too slowly on her way and soon she was lost in the vast, dangerous Siberian wilderness. Luckily for her, her dog, Naida, followed Karina just as the girl followed her father. The two suddenly found themselves walking with no one in sight, drifting away from their home as the hours went by.
Night fell. Karina’s father returned home, and it didn’t take long after that for the whole family to realize what had happened. They couldn’t find Karina anywhere. They turned to the police for help immediately. And they took action at once in search of the lost girl.
A whole week had gone by and there was no progress of the rescue in sight. The whole family was stuck in desperation, but Karina’s mum never lost hope. “Many stopped believing that she was alive, but as a mother I felt that she would be found soon.”
In fact, Karina did survive. Although Siberia is an extremely dangerous place even for otherwise fit adults due to its wildlife and climate, she made it. She survived by eating wild fruits and drinking water from nearby rivers, and she faced the freezing nighttime temperatures by cozying up in a bed of grass. Naida did its best too, scaring away the wild animals and keeping each other warm by sleeping close together at night.
After nine days struggling to survive, scared and alone, Karina could only be grateful about one thing: her good friend was by her side. Naida gave its strength, and actively helped the four-year-old to stay alive for that long.
This morning, Naida suddenly walked away and headed back into town, ignoring Karina’s hopeless cry and leaving her completely alone.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Naida did what it could to lead the rescue team to where Karina was.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5 . Auckland is New Zealand’s largest urban area with a population of just over a million. It is not, however, the capital, although it was at one time, until the capital moved to Wellington. Auckland is the centre of commerce and industry, and is perhaps the most energetic, prosperous and multicultural city in New Zealand.
The city’s landscape is decided by volcanos, the twin harbors, bays, beaches and islands. Its nickname “the city of sails” is very suitable. Auckland has more boats for each person than anywhere else in the world.
Auckland has many volcanos, many of which currently afford great views of the city. And Auckland’s shiny waters seem to attract people from every point. It is a water-lovers’ best place, with some of the best beaches, for swimming, diving, fishing, sailing, windsurfing and water sports in the country.
Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand. It is also the cultural, administrative and political centre of the country. Two aspects of the city that will immediately strike any visitor are the harbor and hilly landscape. Everywhere you go, the sounds and the smell of the ocean hang in the air, and green hills and valleys wrap you in a bear hug. At night, Wellington offers a spectacular, shimmering cityscape that is unlike almost anywhere else in the world. Even after seeing it for a hundred times, it still takes your breath away.
Wellington is a scenic, windy and diverse place. It has some of the best museums, art galleries, restaurants and coffee houses in the country. It is the storehouse for the nation’s historic, cultural and artistic treasures. Being the first place where European settlers arrived, it also boasts lots of historic streets and buildings.
Wellington plays host to an excellent festival of the arts every two years.
1. From the passage, we know that Auckland used to ________ .| A．host a festival of the arts |
| B．afford great views of the city |
| C．be the capital of New Zealand |
| D．have more boats than any other country in the world |
| A．see green hills |
| B．do water sports |
| C．study New Zealand culture |
| D．visit historic streets and buildings |
| A．Critical. | B．Neutral. |
| C．Favourable. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．Auckland and Wellington |
| B．Welcome to New Zealand |
| C．The Capital of New Zealand |
| D．The Landscape of New Zealand |
6 . In 2011, retired worker Joao, found a South American penguin
A week later, Joao tried to
In fact, Dindim returns to Joao’s little beach in the summer every year-it’s
Joao
When Dindim is staying with Joao, the two friends sometimes like to take a walk together down the beach-or sometimes Joao walks and Dindims swims alongside him. “I love the penguin like it’s my own
Who said there wasn’t still some
| A．sitting | B．lying | C．standing | D．walking |
| A．off | B．beneath | C．on | D．in |
| A．affected | B．caused | C．fed | D．ate |
| A．release | B．figure | C．proceed | D．note |
| A．struggled | B．responded | C．charged | D．disappeared |
| A．composed | B．believed | C．set | D．jumped |
| A．permit | B．threaten | C．migrate | D．tap |
| A．recalls | B．retells | C．recognizes | D．recites |
| A．had come | B．has been coming | C．comes | D．is coming |
| A．figures | B．bothers | C．comes | D．leaves |
| A．slimmer | B．former | C．happier | D．younger |
| A．emerged | B．appreciated | C．applauded | D．reacted |
| A．pet | B．child | C．toy | D．bird |
| A．stand | B．hang | C．give | D．pick |
| A．moving | B．strict | C．normal | D．visual |
7 . Milo is a rescue dog adopted by 20-year-old Makayla Swift. One morning in November 2021, Swift opened her front door in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Milo
Milo ran to the house across the street. He seemed unsatisfied with this house, so he ran to the one next door, Swift on his
Swift was
It was a voice yelling “Help!”
Hours earlier, around 4 a.m., Sherry Starr, 85, had risen from her bed. All of a sudden, standing there between the toilet and the tub, she slipped and fell heavily on the floor. She was
For the next few hours, Starr practiced yelling: “Help! Help! Hellllp!”
Her voice was very
Swift called the emergency number 911. When the ambulance workers arrived, they thought they’d have to remove the toilet to
Swift has known her own share of distress. Two years ago, her mother died. She says that Milo has helped her with her grief. “That dog is a blessing,” she says.
1.| A．moved down | B．took off | C．reached out | D．pulled up |
| A．tail | B．head | C．body | D．feet |
| A．disappointed | B．confused | C．embarrassed | D．astonished |
| A．give | B．sweep | C．knock | D．drag |
| A．sunk | B．stuck | C．lifted | D．settled |
| A．surprised | B．bored | C．puzzled | D．scared |
| A．weak | B．sharp | C．rough | D．loud |
| A．apparently | B．hardly | C．slightly | D．temporarily |
| A．trap | B．drop | C．free | D．lay |
| A．avoided | B．failed | C．declined | D．continued |
8 . From his uptown Manhattan home, Samir Kumar can usually see skyscrapers (摩天大楼) downtown. But this week, as smoke from wildfires raging in the western United States and Canada stretched all the way to the East Coast, the city skyline was invisible.
Currently, nearly 300 wildfires are burning in British Columbia and about 80 are blazing through states in the U. S. West The fires get worse due to heat waves and prolonged (持续的) drought in the west, two weather patterns made more extreme by climate change.
As the smoke spreads across the country and exposes millions of people, the health impact becomes more widespread among the most vulnerable (易受伤的). In addition to causing breath problems, the smoke can lead to poor heart health. What’s more, smoke from wildfires could make it harder for people to fight off COVID-19 infections and the emerging variants (出现的变体) because their immune (免疫的) systems are already battling pollution. Studies have shown that people exposed to air pollution are more likely to die from COVID-19.
For the first time in its history as a state, California’s population is decreasing Falling birth rates, high housing prices and high taxes have been factors for years, and COVID-19 has strengthened the trend, delaying planned moves into the slate. Many survivors of wildfires have also chosen to rebuild in different states. “If I was starting to raise children… I probably would leave this state.” says Hertz-Picciotto, a director of the university’s health science center. She plans to spend several weeks during the height of wildfire season in August away from her home in northern California, where wildfires have become common.
Reducing air pollution from wildfire smoke in California and the rest of the country will require reducing the number and size of wildfires themselves. Lawmakers have introduced laws aimed at better managing forests, training more firefighters and making infrastructure (基础设施) more fire resistant.
“Ultimately until we stop burning fossil fuels. I don’t see why it’s not going to get worse. It certainly can’t get better,” says Hertz-Picciotto.
1. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?| A．To explain the concern of wildfires. |
| B．To introduce the spread of wildfires. |
| C．To describe the situation of wildfires. |
| D．To demonstrate the threat of wildfires. |
| A．Climate types. | B．Human activities. |
| C．Extreme weather. | D．Climate models. |
| A．Strong immune systems. |
| B．Common breath problems. |
| C．Emerging infectious discases. |
| D．California’s population growth. |
| A．Restricting fossil fuels use. |
| B．Moving away from home. |
| C．Avoiding exposure to fires. |
| D．Fighting fire with fire. |
9 . A few years ago, I was leaving the kennel (养狗场) where I worked, only to find a baby goat at the end of the driveway. The kennel’s owners are well-known animal rescuers and I figured someone outside left him over the fence.
I’m an animal lover and I’ve brought home dogs, cats, horses, chickens and fish, but never goats. The tiny kid was too cute to resist. I named him Quincy, and with the help of some experienced friends, bottle-fed him in my bathroom. Quincy proved to be quite special. When he was about a week old, l tapped my fingers on the bathroom floor and said, “Lie down.” I was amazed when he dropped down. I was even more amazed when he did it three times in a row.
A quick study, Quincy learned to lie down, bow and turn in a circle in no time. He is house-trained, jumps in the back of my SUV when I say “load up”, and spends the day wandering with my dogs whom he considered as his brothers and sisters. He knows he name of everything I feed him apples, water, carrots and strawberries.
I love lo train animals and often take my dogs lo shows where they can perform their tricks. Quincy did bis first show when he was just six weeks old. He knew only a few tricks then, but he did them perfectly and never misbehaved or got nervous in front of the crowd.
Now he has a whole inventory. He’ll shake hooves (蹄), come when called, walk on a rope, wave, smile for the camera, and more. Quincy and my dogs perform regularly at schools, nursing homes and charity events, Quincy can even “read” his tricks off hint cards, which always earns the most applause.
It’s hard to believe that the goat kid nobody wanted turned out to be one of the smartest animals I’ve ever had.
1. What made the author decide to bring the baby goat home?| A．The advice of his friends. |
| B．His strong desire to keep a pet. |
| C．His love for the little goat. |
| D．The request of the kennel’s owner. |
| A．Lucky. | B．Strong. | C．Intelligent. | D．Hard-working. |
| A．He is an animal lover. |
| B．He has kept a pet goat before. |
| C．He makes a living by training animals. |
| D．He always takes care of Quincy on his own. |
| A．Quincy: The Show Goat |
| B．Quincy: A Poor Creature |
| C．Quincy: A Special Trainer |
| D．Quincy: My Best Friend |
10 . Since I was born and brought up in a rural town, I have a great interest in nature. Using the chance of studying abroad in my second year at college, I decided to go to Canada just because I wanted to see the beautiful phenomena there. So after I finished the study, I went to Yellowknife in the Northwest. I clearly remember the sixth night in Yellowknife. Suddenly my host mother came to my room around 8 p. m. and told me to change clothes and go outside quickly carrying her camera.
The northern lights were flickering (闪烁)in the sky! I was amazed and just stood there with my mouth open. I forgot to take pictures of the mysterious lights.
Since that night, whenever it was sunny, I went outside at night and looked at the sky. It was so cold that my hands and feet were numb with cold. Actually, the time of my being able to be out was limited. I had to bring her camera back to the house in one hour at the most, for the camera was going to be broken because of the cold temperature.
As I took pictures of the northern lights, I came to find a characteristic movement of the lights. They first appear in the north part of the sky and then they gradually come down to the south. After that, suddenly, they come in the middle of the north and south only for a while, which is the time when the best northern lights can be seen. Since it is only a few seconds for the northern lights to come down to the middle of the sky, it is very hard to get good pictures.
The stronger the sun acts, the better and stronger northern lights flicker in the sky. That’s because they occur from the collision(碰撞)between atmospheric gases and solar wind. Much more solar wind comes to the earth when the sun is active, leading to the best northern lights.
1. Why did the author forget to take pictures?| A．It was freezing cold outside. |
| B．He was shocked by the wonderful sights. |
| C．The lights were flickering in the sky. |
| D．He lost all his feeling in his hands and feet. |
| A．The northern lights came out every night. |
| B．The author took lots of pictures with his camera. |
| C．The author could stay as long as he liked outdoors. |
| D．Cameras will be damaged if exposed too long to coldness. |
| A．They appear in the north part of the sky. |
| B．They rise in the east and set in the west. |
| C．They are between the north and south. |
| D．They come down to the south part of the sky. |
| A．The lights stay in the middle for a very short time. |
| B．The lights of the sun affect the northern lights. |
| C．The lights are caused by the collisions of gases. |
| D．The colours of the lights are determined by the height. |
