1 . Green architecture is designed in an environmentally-friendly way. Many people think interest in green architecture has only begun in recent years.     1    Our ancient ancestors were intelligent. They also knew the fact that green architecture is more able to fit in with nature and more practical.

    2     These include heating and cooling, water usage, environmental quality and energy usage. Architects can deal with all of these in various ways, all of which are designed to increase efficiency without affecting the function of the building.

To make it, much of green architecture focuses on building intelligently. For example, plumbing systems (管道系统) may be designed to use less water while still functioning normally.     3    

Many architects build environmentally to show people that it’s possible. And they want to show the fact that being environmentally-friendly does not have to make a building bad-looking.     4    A courtyard with plants, for example, can be nicer to view.

The green design can be kept in mind when we build various future buildings, ranging from a private home to a tall office building. Green designs can also be applied to remodeling (改造) and repairing existing buildings.     5     Many governments are thus encouraging remodeling and repairing instead of building new ones.

A．The goal is to make a building prettier.

B．Not many buildings have great green designs.

C．A green building’s design need solve many problems.

D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years.

E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment.

F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful.

G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy.

2 . 最近媒体都在宣传绿色出行(green consumer)和低碳生活(Low-carbon life)，作为一个中学生，怎样做才符合“低碳”的标准呢？请就你的个人情况谈谈低碳生活的做法。
要求：80单词左右，不要出现个人的真实姓名和学校信息。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . The United Nations said 26 percent of the world’s population does not have enough safe drinking water in a report released Tuesday. Richard Connor is the main editor of the UN World Water Development Report 2023. He told reporters at the release that the estimated cost of meeting the UN’s goals for water is between $600 billion and $1 trillion.

The report warned that water use around the world is growing one percent a year “and is expected to grow at a similar rate to 2050...”Connor said, the increase in demand is happening in developing countries. That is because urban areas and industries are using more and more water. Worse still, agriculture alone, Connor said, uses 70 percent of the world’s water supply and has to be better planned.

The report also said that seasonal lack of water will increase in Central Africa, East Asia and parts of South America. That is in addition to areas that already have water shortage such as the Middle East and the Sahara area of Africa. The report said this is the result of temperature increases in the Earth’s atmosphere. The UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is responsible for the latest water report. It said, “10 percent of the global population lives in countries with high or critical water stress. And 3.5 billion people live under conditions of water stress at least one month out of the year.”

The report also commented on weather events. It said floods in tropical areas near the Equator(赤道)have increased by 2.5 times. But Connor said weather conditions involving lack of rain, or drought, were more difficult to settle.

Connor added that the biggest producer of pollution is untreated wastewater. In his opinion, 80 percent of wastewater around the world is untreated, which contributes to water stress too, and in developing countries, it is “pretty much 99 percent.”

1. According to the report, how many people are in safe drinking water shortage?

A．About half of the world’s population.

B．About a quarter of the world’s population.

C．About two thirds of the world’s population.

D．About three fifths of the world’s population.

2. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A．It is urgent to better plan agriculture.

B．Water use is decreasing at a slow pace in the world.

C．The increase in demand for water is happening in developed countries.

D．Urban areas and industries are responsible for using the most water supply.

3. What are the causes of the lack of safe drinking water according to the passage?
a. Water use.   b. Weather events.   c. Earth’s atmosphere.
d. Seasonal lack of water.   e. Untreated wastewater.

A．abde

B．aede

C．bede

D．abce

4. What is mainly talked about in the passage?

A．Richard Connor’s great achievement.

B．Floods in tropical areas near the Equator.

C．UN’s concern for economic development.

D．The reasons for the lack of safe drinking water.

4 . 短文填空

A talented British writer     1     (name) Edward Bulwer-Lytton gave a detailed     2     (describe) of life in the ancient city of Pompeii,     3     was a busy city with shops, theatres, wine bars far and wide.     4     (fortune), in August 79AD, Mount Vesuvius     5     (erupt). The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge cloud rose into the air. The citizens     6     (scare) to escape in all directions. However, almost all the people were buried     7     (live), and     8     was the city.     9     centuries, Pompeii has been uncovered, and today it looks almost the same     10     it had been before.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that.

Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace.

“So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.

They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters.

注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.

Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.

“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).

Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.

Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.

1. What do solar developers often ignore?

A．The decline in the demand for solar energy.

B．The negative impact of installing solar panels.

C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms.

D．The most recent advances in solar technology.

2. What does InSPIRE aim to do?

A．Improve the productivity of local farms.

B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds.

C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly.

D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.

3. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4?

A．To conserve pollinators.	B．To restrict solar development.
C．To diversify the economy.	D．To ensure the supply of energy.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay	B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture	D．Solar Farms: A New Development

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Each year, we take more than 100 billion tons of natural materials from the earth     1    (make) the products we buy. However, about two-thirds of them     2     (eventual) becomes waste, including almost 3 billion plastic bottles     3     end up in the ocean every year.

Since the 1860s, we     4     (follow) a common business model. Industries take natural materials, they make things, we use them, and then we throw them away. Environmentalists and economists warn that this model is not good for the environment, so they suggest     5    new choice: a circular economy (循环经济).

A circular economy     6     (base) on the idea of reducing waste by keeping the natural, materials and products in use for much     7     (long). It works in a circle, very much the way nature does. The circular economy uses a range of     8     (strategy), such as recycling and reusing. In a circular economy, products are designed to be long-lasting and easy to repair from the     9     (begin). In this way, we can keep the balance     10     human and nature.

8 . “I can’t turn the desert into an oasis, but I’m working hard to prevent any oasis from degrading (退化) into desert,” says 78-yearold Wang Tianchang in Wuwei city, in Northwest China’s Gansu province.

Sticking to the belief that “only by containing the sand, our children and grandchildren will survive and thrive”, Wang and his wife Li Lanying have been stationed in the Tengger Desert for 22 years, voluntarily dealing with sand encroachment (侵蚀) and planting more than 8,000 acres. They have helped turn the once endless desert into an oasis.

In the spring of 1999, the then 56-year-old Wang put forward the idea of afforestation (造林) in the Tengger Desert. Strongly opposed by his family and ridiculed by the villagers, Wang secretly sold the family’s cattle, sheep and camels. With the collected money, the couple brought their tents and sand control tools to the desert.

“It’s not easy to plant trees, especially in the desert. To improve the survival rate of sand-grown seedlings (幼苗) in the desert, Wang observed the flow of sand dunes (沙丘) in areas where it was most severe in the 12th lunar month in winter. He also explored the best spots for planting grass and trees, and gradually found effective methods for planting saplings in the desert. In order to solve the problem of water scarcity, Wang bought two-humped camels. His wife led the camels to transport water on a route of more than 3 kilometers between their home and the desert back and forth every four and five hours.

Over the past 22 years, Wang and his family have invested more than 1.2 million yuan ($ 187,770) to the task of containing the sand and planting trees in the Tengger Desert. During this period, in order to improve the progress of sand suppression (抑制), the couple spent more than 6,000 days in achieving more than 8,000 acres of sand afforestation, and used camels to transport 5,000 tons of water on the sand line. The round-trip journey was more than 12,000 kilometers.

Wang’s spirit of living in the desert for decades has moved many people. Every year, volunteers from all over the country and tens of thousands of local people come here to fight the sands with the couple and protect their home.

1. How did Wang manage to get the money he needed?

A．He borrowed some from his relatives.

B．The local government provided it for him.

C．Charity organizations donated much to him.

D．He sold the family’s cattle, sheep and camels.

2. What does tie underlined word “scarcity” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Research.

B．Pollution.

C．Shortage.

D．Control

3. How many tons of water did Wang transport during the past 22 years?

A．5,000.

B．6,000.

C．8,000.

D．12,000.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A．The sands of time blow toward a greener world

B．Wang observes flow of sand dunes in the desert

C．Wang’s spirit of living in the desert moves people

D．Planting trees and grass leads to success of afforestation

9 . With the outbreak of the COVID-19, multiple kinds of protective medical equipment, such as disposable(一次性的)masks, have been consumed. Market research indicates a sharp increase rate of 53% in the mask market alone. People often use these types of protective equipment and then throw them without thinking of the consequences, both on the ecosystem and human beings.

Disposable surgical masks are severely affecting the ecosystem. When improperly-handled masks enter the water system, they break up into smaller pieces. Complete masks can trap marine animals, resulting in their impaired mobility and even death. Meanwhile, the poisonous plastic particles will cause marine animals to be poisoned to death or weakness when they consume plastic. Furthermore, these harmful pollutants can severely affect reproduction, growth, and the development of the young. Just like their effects on marine animals, these pollutants can also contribute to severe harm in human bodies, especially in the neuron system. Exposure to micro plastics may cause particle poisoning, cellular damage and neuro-degenerative (神经退化的) diseases like Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症).

Despite the potential harm to the ocean system and human neuron system, improperly-handled disposable masks will likely become a dangerous public health threat under the environment of a global pandemic. Instead of helping us fight against the COVID-19, to some extent, micro plastic pollution also causes the potential risk of speeding up the spread of the virus. Micro plastic particles in the ocean can be mixed up with water vapour to form aerosols in the atmosphere because they are small enough to enter the water cycle, where they are transferred from the marine system to the atmosphere in vast amounts and become a source for the disease COVID-19. thus causing the virus to speed up the spread of the global pandemic.

Humans will eventually suffer from the wrongdoing in the ocean systems because humans are nothing but temporary residents of the planet. Just like what the famous English anthropologist, Jane Goodall, has said, “Every individual matters. Every individual makes a difference.”

1. The underlined word “impaired” in paragraph 2 probably means“_________”.

A．strengthened	B．damaged
C．completed	D．influenced

2. The improperly-handled masks lead to following outcomes EXCEPT_________.

A．the impact on marine lives’ reproduction, growth and weakness

B．the destruction to human’s neuron system, cellular system

C．the huge economic loss for people living near the sea

D．the great burden of micro plastic particles on ecosystem

3. The main idea of paragraph 3 is_________.

A．to describe the negative effects of disposed masks on nature and human beings.

B．to advise readers to deal with the improperly-handled masks.

C．how the improperly-handled masks help spread the virus.

D．how to deal with the virus.

4. What is the purpose of this article?

A．To explain a serious phenomenon caused by the virus.

B．To advocate a proper solution to solving the disposable masks.

C．To compare the sufferings between marine animals and human beings.

D．To analyze the harmful results of the improperly-handled masks.

10 . In the past few decades, the way we shop has changed dramatically. We used to buy our goods in traditional shops. Now, customers are increasingly buying online, where they can order whatever they want directly to their door with the click of a mouse. As companies race to improve their Internet shopping experience, the trend towards shopping online is predicted to continue.

Most people commonly think that online shopping is better than in-store shopping. After all, an online store does not use the electricity that a traditional store might use and it doesn't require the customer to drive anywhere. So you would think the carbon savings must be significant.

Take the typical home delivery round in the UK, for example. Supermarket drivers often do 120 deliveries on an 80-kilometre round, producing 20 kilograms of CO₂ in total. In contrast, a 21-kilometre drive to the store and back for one household would generate 24 times more CO₂! However, the reality is slightly more complex than that. Many home deliveries fail the first time and the driver has to make a second or third attempt to deliver the purchase.

The carbon footprint also goes up if the customer chooses to return the item. A study in Germany shows that as many as one in three online purchases are returned. According to another study, merchandise worth nearly $ 326 million is returned each year in the USA. Two billion kilograms of this ends up in landfill, leading to 13 tons of CO₂ being released.

When we take all these factors into consideration, we realize that online shopping isn't necessarily as green as people might think. There is some positive news, as various online retailers are starting to lower their carbon footprint by turning to electric delivery vehicles. However, the question of how to deal with returns efficiently and without waste is a challenge that many companies have not wanted to face, but they have to shoulder responsibilities.

1. What is a common belief about online shopping according to the text?

A．It brings unpleasant changes.	B．It increases companies' pressure.
C．It is more environment-friendly.	D．It costs less than in-store shopping.

2. The data in Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly shows that________.

A．waste from online shopping should be recycled

B．customers should think twice before shopping

C．some online items are actually of poor quality

D．online shopping may cause much carbon footprint

3. How do online retailers try to reduce carbon footprint?

A．By cutting the distance of delivery.	B．By using a greener way of delivery.
C．By choosing to sell electric vehicles.	D．By recycling their customers' returns.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Bad Environmental Impact of Online Shopping

B．Shopping Delivery Is Harming the Environment

C．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Shopping

D．Online Companies Cause Much Carbon Footprint