1 . I used to think my life was perfect. My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to
But something
We started a new
I
Looking back, I realize that the hurricane
A.look after | B.worry about | C.dream of | D.deal with |
A.visited | B.skipped | C.approached | D.swept |
A.invisible | B.unexpected | C.impossible | D.unlucky |
A.mind | B.knowledge | C.aid | D.sense |
A.belief | B.request | C.wealth | D.kindness |
A.really | B.carefully | C.naturally | D.clearly |
A.sold | B.rented | C.showed | D.opened |
A.business | B.project | C.tradition | D.life |
A.reunions | B.gatherings | C.journeys | D.memories |
A.family | B.volunteers | C.community | D.supporters |
A.soon | B.never | C.already | D.also |
A.fortune telling | B.story telling | C.mind reading | D.house keeping |
A.brought about | B.resulted from | C.made up for | D.got away with |
A.saved | B.controlled | C.enriched | D.recorded |
A.instant | B.effort | C.party | D.disaster |
2 . There are hundreds of great national nature reserves in China. Now feast your eyes on the following amazing ones.
Qinghai Lake National Nature ReserveQinghai Lake, China’s largest saltwater lake in Qinghai Province, is a key body of water for lots of animals and birds. As an important stopover, migratory birds (候鸟) would rest in this area during their movement trip every year. The reserve became a national nature reserve in the year of 1997.
Bayanbulak National Nature ReserveThe only Bayanbulak Wetland, in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is at the foot of Tianshan Mountains, which makes itself suitable for migratory birds. Bayanbulak means “rich spring water” in Mongolian, meaning that the area is rich in water. Every year, swans (天鹅) from different places fly here for nesting, which became a national swan reserve in 1986.
Rongcheng Swan National Nature ReserveAs one of the largest wintering places for swans in China, this reserve in Shandong Province mainly protects whooper swans (大天鹅), which make it different from other nature reserves. In 2007, it was changed into a national nature reserve. Now every year, thousands of whooper swans arrive here to spend the winter, making it an important resting and wintering place for themselves.
Sanya Coral Reef (珊瑚礁) National Marine Nature ReserveThis reserve focuses on protecting coral reefs and their living environment in Sanya City, Hainan Province. In 1990, it became a national nature reserve. This reserve is on the coast, so the area of the reserve has good water quality and many kinds of creatures,
1. What do the first reserve and the second reserve have in common?A.The area of wetland. | B.The geography of them. |
C.The year of becoming the national reserve. | D.The friendly environment for migratory birds. |
A.Its saltwater lake. | B.The whooper swans. |
C.Its rich spring water. | D.The warm climate. |
A.Bayanbulak National Nature Reserve. | B.Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve. |
C.Rongcheng Swan National Nature Reserve. | D.Sanya Coral Reef National Marine Nature Reserve, |
1.活动的目的和意义。
2.提出倡议。
注意:
1.写作词数应为 80 左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
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Students Union
4 . Earth Day falls on April 22 each year to inform people about environmental problems and inspire them to act. It first came into being in 1970, followed in 1972 by World Environment Day. It has been celebrated ever since, slowly but surely picking up steam. Interestingly, it remained a grassroots affair for 20 years before spreading out to 140 countries in 1990. Now, it is celebrated around the world. Humans still face many challenges, such as climate change and plastic pollution. But we can all make a difference.
When Claire was in the seventh grade, she learned about plans to expand and modernize her middle school. As a follower of Earth Day, she wanted to help. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project because, she explained, clean energy would contribute to a truly modern school, and help her school pursue sustainable development.
The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. So Clarie turned to the community, looking for a solution. Her friends and neighbors shared her enthusiasm. Soon Claire organized a group of kids and adults, who set to work raising the rest. They wrote grant (拨款) requests, put on a talent show and asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them at Halloween. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One donated more than half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now supply one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs, saving the district thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big impact on the community,” Claire said “There are always going to be barriers and hard parts. When there’s a challenge presented to you, use it as a learning moment and an opportunity to overcome it.”
You can be a hero for the environment, so find out what can be recycled where you live.
1. What can we learn about Earth Day from the first paragraph?A.It was first celebrated on April 22, 1972. | B.It gained instant popularity worldwide. |
C.It aims to raise environmental awareness. | D.It promotes solutions to human challenges. |
A.To sell the solar panels. | B.To make her school greener. |
C.To improve academic grades. | D.To beautify the school campus. |
A.The vital role of charities. | B.Difficulties in raising money. |
C.Constant efforts on the project. | D.Financial support from the public. |
A.Responsible and determined. | B.Generous and creative. |
C.Energetic and reliable. | D.Curious and adventurous. |
Ar Horqin Grassland Nomadic System in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, listed on the list of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems by the United Nations,
The
For example, since 2015, under the guidance of the local government of Ar Horqin Banner, the number of sheep and goats in the nomadic system
Many of the Earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and a hundred species become
The population of wildlife species has dropped
I suggest that measures should be taken
7 . We often think that buying an artificial tree instead of a real one for Christmas will help the environment by not cutting down trees. However, this argument doesn’t consider the process of producing and disposing of the trees, during which a lot of CO2, emissions are being let off into the air. Actually, increased demand(需求)for real trees is helping the environment.
Artificial trees, when created, give out an average of 40kg of CO2. To harvest a real Christmas tree, very little CO2 emissions are caused. If left to biodegrade (生物降解), a real tree will return to the earth in one to two years depending on conditions. An artificial tree, however, will take hundreds of years to degrade, letting out more pollutants into the air. Further, even if an artificial tree is recycled, the process will continue to produce even more CO2.
Real trees do not have these problems. They can have positive effects on our health. When they are near a window and regularly watered, they will produce clean oxygen which can improve health.
Undoubtedly, cutting down trees is bad for the environment, so what makes cutting down Christmas trees any different? Christmas trees have specific farms where they are harvested, meaning that protected forests aren’t cut down, and, with every tree harvested a new one is planted. The trees aren’t harvested until they are between 10 and 12 years old and the farms always have trees growing while they’ re harvesting this year’s trees.
If you have already used an artificial tree, the best thing you can do is to keep using it year over year to save it from going to landfill.
1. What does the Paragraph 1 say about artificial trees?A.The process of producing them is difficult. | B.The demand for them is on the increase. |
C.They help fight againstCO2 emissions. | D.They do no good to the environment. |
A.By listing data. | B.By explaining different views. |
C.By making comparisons. | D.By giving examples. |
A.They have a bad effect on the environment. | B.Cutting them down almost causes no harm. |
C.They are harvested from protected forests. | D.Harvesting them needs great efforts. |
A.To inform us of the function of real Christmas trees. |
B.To tell us the benefit of not keeping a Christmas tree. |
C.To show artificial trees have less value than real trees. |
D.To explain why real Christmas trees are environmentally-friendly. |
8 . In times of stress, particularly when the water gets too warm, the coral(珊瑚)erupts the algae(海藻), and the coral turns white, causing a state called coral bleaching(漂白). Just a few degrees of heat can lead to coral bleaching, putting the coral on a path to starvation and death.
Driven by climate change, marine heat waves are becoming one of the greatest threats to the existence of coral, which is important to the ocean ecology. But in some rare good news researchers have discovered coral can recover from bleaching even before a heat wave ends, suggesting it has the potential to survive long heat waves. Coral was thought to survive only if a heat wave lasted just a few weeks.
But no one had studied this process during a longer heat wave. Then in 2015, Julia Baum, a marine ecologist at the University of Victoria, began a survey of two common species: brain and star coral around Kiritimati in the central Pacific Ocean. They checked the condition of the coral as the heat wave struck and disappeared.
Starting in May 2015, the temperature rose about 1 ℃ within 2 months. As expected, coral that housed heat-sensitive algae bleached sooner than those housing the heat-tolerant kind of algae. As the water continued to warm, even heat-tolerant algae erupted.
Many brain and star coral on Kiritimati recovered from bleaching while the water was still unusually warm. Baum said, "The unexpected recovery provides new hope, because it means that even under lasting heat waves, there's a path forward for some of them."
An unusual feature of the recovery is that brain coral that started out with heat-sensitive algae had a higher survival rate(82%)than coral that began with heat-tolerant algae(25%). "That finding is surprising," said Baum, expecting that heat-tolerant algae would be better suited for helping coral survive a heat wave. But during a longer heat wave, it might be more advantageous to start with a heat-sensitive algae.
1. What results in coral bleaching?A.The white algae. | B.The coral's death. |
C.An attack of waves. | D.A rise in ocean temperature. |
A.To prove that coral can stop climate change. |
B.To study how coral bleaching comes about. |
C.To figure out whether coral survives long heat waves |
D.To explain why coral bleaching is a big threat to coral |
A.Ashamed. | B.Confused |
C.Worried. | D.Astonished. |
A.Protect the ocean environment. | B.Reduce coral bleaching. |
C.Grow more different algae. | D.Regulate the heat wave. |
9 . A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the rainfall spreading quite equally through the year. And the temperature there rarely falls below l6℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust (调节) the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would bend more heat back into the atmosphere, and this will warm the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall, possibly causing certain natural disasters all over the world.
In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three things: land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for feeding farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of CO2 in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the things we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.
There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than l% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is likely that our best chance to treat diseases lies somewhere in the world’s reducing rainforests.
1. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they ________.A.bend more heat back into the atmosphere |
B.bring about high rainfall |
C.rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6 ℃ |
D.reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth |
A.We will lose much more than we can gain. |
B.Humans have begun destroying rainforests. |
C.People have a strong desire for land. |
D.Much CO2 comes from burning rainforests. |
A.cutting trees will benefit rainforests |
B.there are great medicine possibilities in rainforests |
C.we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land |
D.the rainfall affects how wind blows |
A.How to Save Rainforests | B.How to Protect Nature |
C.Rainforests and the Environment | D.Rainforests and Medicines |
10 . More plants are growing and expanding around Mount Everest (local name Mount Qomolangma) as the area continues to experience the consequences of global warming, researchers have found.
Scientists from the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom used satellite data to establish increases in subnival vegetation — plants that grow between the tree line and the snow line.
Using NASA Landsat satellite data from 1993 to 2018, scientists measured "small but significant" increases in vegetation cover between 4,150 and 6,000 meters above sea level.
“There are now more areas that are covered in plants than there were in 1993,” said Karen Anderson, a remote sensing scientist who led the research.
“We don't know what the impact is. It may be that plants trap snow and might cause it to melt more slowly. It might be that the plants cause the snow to melt more quickly,” she added.
1.4 billion people depend on water collected in the region, and changes to water cycles and supplies could have far reaching impacts, their research, published in the Global Change Biology journal, said.
“We know that plants and the water cycle are coupled,” Anderson explained. “Wherever you have plants growing, it changes the way the water cycle behaves in those areas.”
“This is particularly important in the Himalayas because glaciers are receding, and we know from lots of scientific work that this is already affecting water supplies in this region,” she added.
Climate change is already having an impact on Himalayan communities. A 2019 study from Columbia University found that Himalayan glaciers have been losing almost half a meter of ice each year since the start of this century. This is already resulting in flooding for local communities, and could ultimately result in drought.
Last year, an assessment from the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development found that at least a third of the ice in the region could melt by the end of the century.
1. What did Karen Anderson say about their finding?A.The increase in Himalayan vegetation is huge. |
B.The plants prevent snow from melting. |
C.Water supplies have been affected in the Himalayas. |
D.Loss of Himalayan glaciers is continuing each year. |
A.Contradicted. | B.Balanced. | C.Opposed. | D.Linked. |
A.It has not been published. | B.It is based on remote sensing technology. |
C.It involves a great deal of field study. | D.It is jointly conducted with Columbia University. |
A.Climate change is making Mount Everest lower. |
B.Plant life is expanding around Mount Everest. |
C.Why this year has been so dangerous for Mount Everest. |
D.Urgent research is needed to understand the increase in vegetation. |