2 . The early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes, and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.

The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.

As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece of plastic (塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells (壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.

Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.

1. Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?

A．They dislike sunshine.

B．They prefer lower temperatures.

C．They can find food easily then.

D．They need to avoid enemies.

2. What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?

A．Pitiful.	B．Careless.
C．Interesting.	D．Courageous.

3. What can we learn about sea turtles?

A．They mainly feed on fish and meat.

B．They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.

C．They can live for around forty years.

D．They visit their beach homes several times a year.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The homes of green sea turtles.

B．How sea turtles find their food.

C．The dangers faced by sea turtles.

D．How young turtles become adults.

3 . Who would have thought that there was any connection between a cup of coffee and a bird, butterfly, or even a bat? Such seems to be the case, however, as methods for growing coffee plants have gradually changed over time.

Coffee plants were first discovered growing in Africa hundreds of years ago. The plants grew under a wide cover of forests, which protected the coffee plants’ leaves from the burning sun. As coffee was introduced to other countries, farmers would naturally try to grow the plants in the shade of tall trees. These trees provided more than shade for coffee plants; they were also home for many species of birds, insects, and other plants.

Over the past 30 to 40 years, people developed a new kind of coffee plant, one which grows well in open sunlight. Sun-grown coffee produced two times more coffee than shade-grown coffee in the same amount of time and space. As a result, the growing need for coffee makes the sun-grown method appear to be the best way to grow coffee.

However, this newer method has some unexpected results. First, the lack of tree cover leaves the land open to heavy rainfall, which can wash away the soil’s nutrients (营养物质). This necessitates an increased use of fertilizers and additives, which is likely to create health risks. Second, as forests are taken down to make way for sun-grown coffee plants, native and migratory birds no longer have a home. This is threatening many species, and the effect is now being examined and recorded by ornithologists, who are discovering sharp falls in some species that travel to the northern United States each year. Finally, more pesticides (农药) are used in the sun-grown method, all of which have a bad influence on both the environment and the long-term health of the coffee plants themselves.

Today, as more people recognize the problems of coffee grown in the sun, perhaps they will be willing to pay the higher prices, encouraging coffee growers to return to the more natural method of producing this worldwide product.

1. Compared with shade-grown coffee, sun-grown coffee _____.

A．grows more slowly

B．tastes much better

C．is more productive

D．is more expensive

2. What do ornithologists most probably do?

A．Protect forests.

B．Grow coffee.

C．Make pesticides.

D．Study birds.

3. What does the author want coffee farmers to do?

A．Grow shade-grown coffee.	B．Improve coffee production.
C．Sell coffee at lower prices.	D．Plant a new kind of coffee.

4. The text mainly explains the connection between _____.

A．coffee and forests

B．coffee production and the environment

C．coffee farmers and animals

D．coffee and sunlight