1. 你对绿色生活的理解；
2. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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2 . The newly-elected president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro says that his country should withdraw (退出) from the 2015 Paris Agreement, and that Brazil’s rainforest protections are standing in the way of economic success. During the election campaign, he promised to ease protections for areas of the Brazilian Amazon set aside for native people and wildlife. Are Brazil’s rainforests in danger?
The Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, is called “the lungs of the planet.” Each tree takes in and stores carbon dioxide from the air around it. Billions of trees pull up water through their roots and release water vapor into the air, forming tiny drops of water. The Amazon creates 30 to 50 percent of its own rainfall. Carlos Nobre, a climate scientist, says that it is almost impossible to say Just how important the rainforest is to the planet’s living systems.
Some of Bolsonaro’s support comes from business and farming groups. One supporter, Luiz Carlos, noted that farmers “are not invaders, they are producers.” He blamed the past government for supporting rainforest protections at the cost of farmers. “Brazil,” he said, “will be the biggest farming nation on Earth during Bolsonaro’s years.”
Paulo Artaxo, a professor of environmental physics at the University of Sao Paulo, says that if Bolsonaro keeps his campaign promises, then “deforestation of the Amazon will probably increase quickly — and the effects will be felt everywhere on the planet.”
Other scientists warn that if the Amazon and other tropical rainforests lose too many trees, this could affect rainfall in other areas. Without enough trees to support the rainfall, the longer and bigger dry season could turn more than half of the rainforest into a tropical grassland.
1. The first paragraph is intended to ________.| A．draw people’s attention to the disappearing rainforests |
| B．ask people to ease the protection of rainforests |
| C．attract the public to the newly-elected president |
| D．to complain about the new government's withdrawing |
| A．produce much farmland |
| B．examine people’s lungs |
| C．change the earth’s living system |
| D．destroy farmers’ crops |
| A．The new president’s supporters care less about farmers. |
| B．Scientists are concerned about the protection of rainforests. |
| C．The rainforests will stop the economic development in Brazil. |
| D．The past government is to blame for the destruction of rainforests |
| A．a newspaper |
| B．a magazine |
| C．a guidebook |
| D．a textbook |
When I worked as a nurse, I was on day duty while my workmates were on night duty. On one shift, I sensed something just before going off duty at 11 am. I put down the tray(托盘） on the table and suddenly it fell off the table. At first I thought I had accidentally knocked it over, but then I felt the whole building shaking and heard patients were screaming.
I realized that an earthquake was happening. I quickly caught hold of a nearby patient, who was terribly frightened and pushed her under a bed. And then, I got under another bed myself. As soon as the earthquake stopped, I decided to try and get the patient safely outside. I carried her out and helped her down to the grassland, where several other people had gathered.
Afraid that my other workmates were in danger, I went back inside the building again. When I met Lucy ,our ward sister(护士长），I found her patient couldn't walk. We made a seat for the patient by linking our hands and arms, and carried her outside together. We went back through the building to check no one was left behind in our ward(病房）.
Just then, we saw that a man doctor was calling for volunteers to go down to other wards with him to help more people. So we went together. The doctor went ahead of us and found one of the nurses partially covered with rubble（碎石），luckily still alive. Suddenly, the aftershock (余震）struck and the doctor ordered us to leave. The brave doctor intended to stay alone and risk his own life to save the nurse.
注意：续写字数应为150词左右。
Paragraph 1: However, without any hesitation, we made up our minds to stay with the doctor and save the nurse together.
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Paragraph 2: Later in the afternoon, I had time to look around and saw some destroyed buildings.
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4 . Angela Pozzi didn’t like seeing plastic trash washing up on the shore near her home in Bandon, Oregon. She wanted to unite her community to clean it up, so she started an organization and called it Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea.
Volunteers help clean up Oregon’s 300 miles of shoreline. Then, using only plastics from the beach cleanup, Ms Pozzi and her staff and many, many volunteers create sculptures of sea animals. Ms Pozzi says, “I want to create sculptures that, hopefully, will make people consider their plastic purchases and be aware of how so much plastic ends up in the oceans.”
Since 2010, more than 10,000 volunteers have collected 21 tons of trash and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four traveling exhibits have displayed the sculptures in more than 18 places. Shedd Aquarium in Chicago, Illinois, hosted an exhibit through September 2018.
People have used plastics to create life-saving medical devices, inexpensive containers and gadgets, and toys, of course. But unlike wood, cotton, and other natural materials, plastics don’t break down into anything useful to other living things. Instead, they stay for years in landfills, waterways, and the oceans. The materials are harmful to some sea animals, such as turtles, sea lions, and birds. Some of these creatures eat plastic objects that look like food. Others become entangled (被缠住) in plastic nets or packaging.
Ms Pozzi gives credit to everyone who helps. “One person didn’t create these sculptures,” she says. “Some people have picked up the plastic; others have sorted the items by color. Still others have washed each piece of plastic trash. Volunteers have drilled holes or helped to make the small wire-stitched panels, while others welded (焊接) the giant frames. I do the heads and detail work, and my staff and I take all the pieces everyone contributes to finish the work.” Says Ms Pozzi, “Until we run out of plastic on the beach, the work will continue.”
1. According to the passage, Washed Ashore ________.| A．is an official organization | B．collects plastics for money |
| C．turns the waste into artworks | D．aims to prevent the use of plastics |
| A．The long history of the organization. |
| B．The accomplishments of the organization. |
| C．The sculptures are popular in many places. |
| D．Many people are in favour of the organization. |
| A．A double-edged sword. | B．A threat to living things. |
| C．More stable in landfills. | D．Food for sea creatures. |
| A．To teach it to readers. | B．To show its difficulty. |
| C．Because she feels very proud. | D．Because it is an art by teamwork. |
Litter is everywhere, doing great harm
The story began with his 6-year-old daughter. One day they were going on a hike when the girl noticed a broken plastic tub (浴盆) in a river. She said, “Daddy, that doesn't go there.”That took Kirschner by surprise. He, like many adults, had become so used to seeing the rubbish
Jeff started to take
Litterati is more than an app. It is highly
6 . About 97% of the world’s water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas. But, as we can’t drink sea water, how can it be important?
Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths. Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food. These simple plants called algae (海藻) drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen. In fact, algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe. How important sea water is !
Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain. The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals, which are in turn consumed by larger animals. These food chains are delicately (微妙地) balanced.
The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man. People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn’t matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food. But we now know this is not true and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.
Thankfully, the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats. Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions (限制) to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being pioneered to cope with pollution. Finally, the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people. This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future. We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet. How important sea water is!
1. People used to think that the rubbish thrown into the sea _________.| A．wouldn’t harm the fish in the sea | B．wouldn’t change the balance of the food |
| C．wouldn’t be broken down in the sea | D．wouldn’t do much harm to the sea |
| A．most fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas |
| B．it is very difficult to break the balance of a food chain |
| C．over fishing has caused the decrease in fish stock |
| D．it won't be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved |
| A．The use of international agreements | B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks |
| C．The use of new techniques | D．Raising people’s awareness of the need to protect oceans |
7 . The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported recently that diseases from mosquito, flea and tick bites tripled in the US between 2004 and 2016, with more than 640,000 cases seen during that period of time. Maine alone saw a 20-fold increase in cases of the tick-borne (蜱传播的) illness Lyme disease. The danger showed no sign of abating this year, with ticks crawling into Mainers’ lives as early as May.
Their early arrival was largely a product of warmer temperatures in the region. It is perhaps for this reason that Lyme disease-once a regional problem largely confined to New England-has now been discovered in all 50 states. Warm weather-loving ticks and Lyme disease are just the examples of how our rapidly-heating planet is destroying our health.
Climate change’s most visible symptoms are the natural disasters we’ve seen so often in recent years. When a disaster strikes, the most immediate threat to health is, of course, the danger posed by the event itself. During the 2017 wildfires in California and Oregon, for example, many living near the smoke reported respiratory distress (呼吸窘迫) and other problems because of breathing in the dangerous smoke. But this initial damage is often just a prologue (序幕) to the damage these disasters can have on our health-damage that unfolds over the course of weeks, months or even years.
Take standing flood water for example. It’s a ripe breeding ground for mosquitoes and bacteria and can pose a serious threat in the period following a major storm. Climate change’s impact is combined with the destruction of the basic construction-like power grids and drinking water delivery systems-and the loss of core services-like health care and waste disposal. It can both create new health challenges and complicate the treatment of existing ones.
Climate change can lead to storms and fires, fever and smoke, and the mental and physical health challenges that characterize the long aftermath of disasters. It is through these damages that climate change has gotten under our skin, into our lungs and weighed on our minds to the hurt of our well-being.
1. What does the underlined word “abating” in the first paragraph mean?| A．Decreasing. | B．Distinguishing. | C．Disobeying. | D．Developing. |
| A．Because of the movement of population. |
| B．Because of the wide spread of mosquitoes. |
| C．Because of more natural disasters in the country. |
| D．Because of warmer temperatures all over the country. |
| A．Natural disasters are becoming more common. |
| B．We should take measures to prevent climate change. |
| C．Climate change is becoming more and more noticeable. |
| D．Climate change increases the chance of people getting sick. |
| A．following time order | B．giving examples |
| C．making comparisons | D．presenting research findings |
8 . One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste — electronic items that are broken and not recycled.
Recently, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London, which is one of many found around the world. One of its operators, Francesco Calo, said that “This project makes total sense.
| A．First of all, this project prolongs the life of electric objects |
| B．It is partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them |
| C．It is reported that many people have made a big fortune from it |
| D．Now solutions have been put forward to give this e-waste a new life |
| E．So it’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional recycling |
| F．As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another solution is e-waste mining |
| G．One of the reasons is that people don’t think their electronic items are fashionable enough |
9 . Leading a sustainable(不破坏环境的)lifestyle doesn’t require you to have to make great changes to your home, and this kind of transformation doesn’t have to be an exhausting exercise.
Make changes to your water drinking habits. Have you ever thought about how many single-use plastic bottles you use a year? If you should ever perform such a count, you’d find yourself well into three figures, or maybe even four.
Reduce your transport emission. If you want to be a more sustainable traveler, you should seek to reduce the carbon emissions you produce by avoiding driving. Of course, avoiding motor vehicles entirely isn’t always going to be a practical choice for you. There’re, however, still things you can do to be more sustainable.
You have the power to make a sustainable change to your lifestyle—take the above advice and don’t waste it
| A．Turn to solar energy. |
| B．Avoid wasting valuable resources. |
| C．The best thing you can do is cycle, walk or run. |
| D．Two choices you have are sharing cars and taking public transport. |
| E．There’re many easy and simple things you can do to be more sustainable. |
| F．Another change you can make in this instance is to stop using plastic straws. |
| G．Drinking water like this might be quick, easy and convenient but it’s not sustainable. |
1. 具体做法；
2. 提出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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