1 . Recently, a woman who lives in a small apartment in San Francisco asked me a question. She wanted to know how to prepare for a big earthquake. In fact, it’s quite necessary for people in San Francisco to do that. Since she lives in an apartment, she cannot store water in a backyard or place a rain collection system. Here is my answer to her.

Firstly, you should store water and food. Storing water is actually very easy. A gallon per day is enough for you to drink. You can buy one of those 5-gallon spring water containers and put it in the kitchen. Check the expiration date (截止日期), and get some new water when needed. Food isn’t that hard, either. Get a few cans of soup, some canned fruit, and canned chickpeas or beans. Make sure they all can be eaten without heating. This will cost less than DS|20 and take up very little space in your kitchen. Throw a cheap can­opener in there while you’re at it, tape (用胶带粘贴) it to the can, and forget about that one, too.

Secondly, first aid is going to let you stay out of limited medical facilities (装备), allowing you to avoid getting truly injured. In a big disaster, you’ll probably get hurt. Being able to clean and protect a skin wound is important. The Red Cross first-aid kit is cheap (DS|16) and small, and contains what you need.

Finally, information is almost as important as the other two. You really want a small radio to know what is going on around you. There are going to be shelters, first-aid facilities, and safe and unsafe areas. You need a radio to know where they are. The National Guard will be somewhere helping out, and you need to learn where. The network will probably be down, so you can’t count on that.

Therefore, you just need DS|60 and about 30 minutes of shopping, and then you can survive for 3 days without any help.

1. What was the woman’s problem?

A．She was afraid of big earthquakes.

B．She didn’t have a backyard to store her things.

C．She didn’t know how to prepare for a big earthquake.

D．She didn’t know how to set up a rain collection system.

2. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means the woman should________.

A．buy another can-opener

B．just leave the can-opener there

C．forget everything she has done

D．tape the can-opener to the can

3. What does the author think of preparing a first-aid kit?

A．It’s not an easy thing to do.

B．It can’t be used to save a life

C．It’s important in an earthquake.

D．It’s too limited for people in a disaster.

2 . The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short trip from camp. On the plain (平原), we can just see many wild animals. This is why we're here to observe Tibetan antelopes.

Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet,Xinjiang and Qinghai.Watch them move slowly across the green grass. I'm attracted by the lovely animals.I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being killed for their valuable fur.

My guide Zhaxi works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protesting the wildlife is a way of life."We're not tying to save the animals.” he says,"Actually, we're trying to save ourselves."

Between the 1980s and 1990s, the population of the Tibetan antelope dropped by over 50 percent. People were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.

In order to save the animals, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.

The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015.the Tibetan antelope was removed from the list of animals in danger. The government, however,does not intend to stop the protection programs, since the threats (威胁) to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.

Much is being done to protect wildlife but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. We can stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet only when we learn to exist in peace with nature.

1. The author went to Tibet in order to     .

A．breathe fresh air in Tibet	B．enjoy the scene in Tibet
C．learn the history of Tibet	D．observe Tibetan antelopes

2. Where does Zhaxi work?

A．In Tibet.	B．In Xinjiang
C．In Qinghai.	D．In Sichuan

3. What happened to the Tibetan antelope between the 1980s and 1990s?

A．Tibetan antelopes were well protected.

B．Tibetan antelopes population dropped

C．Tibetan antelopes lived in peace with people

D．Tibetan antelopes destroyed new roads and railways,

4. According to Paragrah6, the measures taken by the Chinese government were .

A．Useless

B．basic

C．successful

D．simple

5. What's the purpose of the text?

A．To kill the Tibetan antelope.	B．To study the Tibetan antelope.
C．To watch the Tibetan antelope.	D．To protect the Tibetan antelope.

3 . More Plastic than Fish in the Oceans by 2050

30 years from now our seas will be containing more plastic than fish．According to a report released by the World Economic Forum, plastic production around the world is expected to double within the next 20 years．    1     By 2050 it will be four．

About 8 million tons of plastic are dumped into the sea every year．    2     Environmentalists estimate that there are about 160 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans today．By 2050 there will be more plastic in the oceans than fish．

    3     In addition it produces a huge garbage patch that floats on the surface, thus putting ships in danger and polluting beautiful beaches around the world．But the plastic that floats in the water is only a fraction of the whole amount．

Plastic is becoming more and more common in our world．    4     However, it is endangering our environment more than any other material．The World Economic Forum calls for more recycling and a better use of plastic．95% of all plastic that is produced is only used once, and then it is thrown away．Almost a third finds its way into our environment．

Oil is the raw material that plastic is made of．Currently, 5% of the world's oil production is turned into plastic．    5    

A．By 2050 it will rise to a fifth．

B．There, it can last for hundreds of years．

C．It has many uses and is cheap to produce．

D．More people have sensed its seriousness．

E．Today, one garbage truck full of plastic gets into the ocean every minute．

F．They were aiming to highlight the global issue of plastic pollution in the oceans．

G．Plastic that turns up in the seas endangers the fish population and other marine animals．

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A desert doesn’t sound like the most promising place to plant a tree. Yet, since 1978, China     1     (plant) at least 66 billion of them across its desert northern territories, hoping to transform its sandy dry land and yellow dunes       2     a Great Green Wall.

Ian Teh       3    (record) this amazing undertaking while traveling through northern China last year. His expansive photographs show workers tending young trees, blasting them with water and       4    (fill) irrigation tanks. “     5     planting trees sounds great on paper, you can feel doubtful,” Teh says. “When seeing in person, it was impressive.”

The tree-planting strategy is a massive attempt       6     (help) fight desertification.       7     (rough) a million square miles of China — a quarter of the country — are covered in sand. Drought, deforestation, overgrazing and other     8     (problem) threaten an additional 115,000 square miles, fueling very cruel and     9     (violence) sandstorms that regularly blast cities like Beijing and Dunhuang. Many scientists are feeling doubt that planting trees will make a difference in       10     long run. But China’s State Forestry Administration claims the measure has reduced sandstorms by 20 percent and desertification by nearly 5,000 miles in recent years.

5 . 雾霾天气成为困扰很多城市的环境问题，引起了人们的广泛关注。请你就此写一篇小短文：
1. 分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；
2. 提出解决的办法；
3. 号召大家关注城市环境问题。
注意：1.字数 100 字左右     2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词汇:   雾霾天气 haze weather
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . In 2018, Pakistan promised to plant ten billion trees in an effort to slow climate change and to save a land that has been destroyed.

That program, whose name is 10 Billion Trees Tsunami, has been taking effect slowly for the past two years, but it recently has received unexpected help from the coronavirus(新冠病毒). Many Pakistanis are suddenly unemployed, so the government has given them jobs as tree-planters. Unemployed day laborers have been turned into "jungle workers", planting trees for 500 rupees a day($3). It's not much, but it can help the unemployed get by.

As the coronavirus struck Pakistan, the 10 Billion Trees campaign was halted as part of social distancing orders put in place to slow the spread of the virus. But earlier this month, the government allowed the forestry agency to restart the program and create more than 63, 600 jobs.

The program is employing three times the number of planters as it normally does, and the planting season has been extended from May(its usual end)throughout June, in order to keep workers employed. All workers are being told to wear masks and keep two meters of distance from others.

Shahid Rashid Awan, project director for Punjab province, said the project hopes to reach 50 million trees this year. “We can absorb all the unemployed laborers and workers who have fled the cities and returned to their villages in the past few weeks.”

A study declared tree planting to be an effective way to store carbon, and if planted in large quantities around the globe, a powerful solution to climate change. While it won’t fix every climate-related problem we have, it can go a long way if done widely, which is exactly what Pakistan is trying to do with such impressive determination.

And the workers will benefit greatly, too. Not only are they able to earn money and support their families at a difficult time, but they’re outside in the fresh air, away from the potential health risks from more tightly-packed urban environments. It’s a brilliant idea that all country leaders should consider copying.

1. How does the coronavirus influence Pakistan?

A．A lot of animals are starving.	B．Many people are out of work.
C．Much land is left unmanaged.	D．The government has lost power.

2. Which of the following best explains "halted" underlined in Paragraph 3?

A．Agreed.

B．Discussed.

C．Stopped.

D．Doubted.

3. Why is the project environmentally-friendly?

A．It has helped with employment.

B．It has persuaded people to plant trees in big cities.

C．Many laborers produce much less carbon dioxide.

D．It can contribute to fighting against climate change.

4. What does the author think of Pakistan's move?

A．It serves as a good example.	B．It is not fit for other countries.
C．It is a waste of time and money.	D．It brings many economic benefits.

7 . Many companies today hold meetings to discuss their new plans.As people are paying more attention to the environment problems,more companies are looking for ways to reduce their bad influence on the environment.Many of them achieve this by using web meeting.

    1     It’s an easy way of hosting and attending a meeting.Participants (与会者) don’t have to leave the office.Each of them will receive an invitation with the meeting time and date on it.When the meeting is ready to begin,they must sit before their computers.

With web meeting,all participants can attend the meeting at their own desks.    2     As a result,no fuel (燃料) is used and less time is taken up in attending a web meeting.

Materials for the meeting are e-mailed to all the participants before it begins.    3     For the company,this not only saves the use of paper but also greatly reduces the mailing cost.

As a meeting hall is not used,the only power for a web meeting is the power that is used by the computers.Besides,organisers don’t have to pay for food and accommodation (住宿) for the participants.    4    .

In a word,web meeting is a cheaper,greener,and more friendly way of hosting and attending a meeting.    5     So they can more easily find their working partners who have the same green ideas.In return,they develop good relationship with other companies and improve their business.

A．Web meeting is a technology that allows people to communicate better over the Internet.

B．All these mean that less energy is used.

C．Then participants can just read them on the screen.

D．Companies that hold web meeting are willing to work hard for a better environment.

E．They can be printed (打印) by the receivers.

F．They don’t need to drive a car to travel to and from the meeting.

G．Web meeting is quite popular now.

8 . China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.     1     Each species (物种) on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.

In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government.     2     The giant panda and the crested ibis are among these success stories.

The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas.     3     By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild.     4     In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County, Shaanxi Province.Since then, breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species’ survival.

    5     Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection, and fighting against illegal wildlife trade.

A．As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.

B．Another species was once thought to be extinct.

C．Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.

D．People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.

E．The protection of several species in danger of extinction has made impressive progress thanks to the methods.

F．China will continue its efforts of the wildlife protection.

G．Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.

9 . For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a shelter from the often severe environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun's heat and release (释放) it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect.

Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment (投资) of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.

Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban parks and garden spaces, but without taking up the much­needed land. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment.

1. The underlined word “emits” in the second paragraph probably means “________”.

A．carries away	B．takes up
C．gives out	D．breathes in

2. Which of the following contributes to the Urban Heat Island Effect?

A．More building materials.

B．More trees and grass.

C．More parking lots.

D．More rooftop gardens.

3. When it comes to rooftop gardens, what can be inferred from the passage?

A．They make people much happier.

B．They provide more benefits than urban parks.

C．They help to save money and keep a healthy diet.

D．They have become very popular in recent years.

4. What's the author's attitude towards rooftop gardens?

A．Sceptical.	B．Supportive.
C．Critical.	D．Objective.

10 . For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust on the outside of our vehicle. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment?

The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water used and the types of chemicals used to get rid of the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to keep a set amount of water in a container for the entire wash. “You don’t want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job,” she says. But even following this piece of advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway gets the dirty water into drains (下水道).

“Drains are not made for treating waste.” says John Schombert, executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their car, Schombert says they are probably ineffective in breaking down grease(油脂)anyway.

The commercial car wash knows full well the rules regarding wastewater in drains. According to the International Carwash Association (ICA), professional car washes must use special water treatment systems. These processes not only keep the dirty water out of drains and regular water treatment systems, but also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.

As experts point out, cleaning our car at home can use 100 gallons of water. Compare that to self-service car washes, which allow you to use only about 17 or 18 gallons of water. And most full-service car washes average about 30 to 45 gallons of water per vehicle.

1. What does Katy suggest people do about washing cars?

A．Use soft toothbrushes.	B．Save treated water.
C．Put aside some water.	D．Avoid using chemicals.

2. What is Schombert’s attitude to washing cars at home?

A．Disapproving.

B．Favorable.

C．Indifferent.

D．Objective.

3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．Rules of handling wastewater.	B．Advantages of professional car washes.
C．Processes of getting rid of dirty water.	D．Drawbacks of water treatment systems.

4. Which mehod of car washing consumes the least water?

A．The full-service car washes.	B．Car washing in the driveway.
C．The self-service car washes.	D．Car washing using natural soaps.