1. 环境保护的重要性;
2. 你在活动中的表现;
3. 你的感受。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lucas,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
请根据海报内容及以下要点写一份倡议书。
1.环保是我们中学生义不容辞的责任;
2.我们应该养成这些环保习惯;
3.让我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力吧!
3 . The effects of noise can reach organisms (生物体) without ears. Because of the way living things rely on each other, noise pollution may actually stop some forests from growing, a new study suggests. In a New Mexico woodland of pine trees, researchers found far fewer tree seedlings (小苗) in noisy sites than they did in quiet ones.
The study area is dotted with gas wells, some of which are quiet and some of which have compressors (压缩机) that create a constant noise. This allowed Jennifer Phillips, a behavioral ecologist at Texas A&M University-San Antonio and her colleagues to compare sites that were similar except for noise level. In areas that had been noisy for at least 15 years, the researchers found only about 13 pine seedlings, compared with 55 pine seedlings per hectare (公顷) in quiet areas.
The differences in plant growth were probably caused by changes in animal behavior, said Phillips. For example, noise might drive away certain pollinators (传粉昆虫) such as bees, bats and moths. In the case of pine trees, the problem was likely a lack of animals to disperse seeds. Pines depend on birds to carry their seeds away from the parent tree, and birds are known to avoid noise. The differences between the sites aren’t yet obvious to someone walking through them, said Sarah Termondt, a botanist (植物学家) with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service who helped conduct the study. That’s probably because pines are slow-growing, with most of the mature trees in such woodlands being over a century old.
The study raises questions about the future of the area. “If the noise stays there long term, are we going to lose this important ecosystem of the pine which supports so much wildlife?” said Phillips. The study was published today in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society.
1. What does the new study focus on?A.The influence of noise pollution on plants. |
B.The way the organisms receive noise. |
C.The harm of noise pollution to insects. |
D.The effects of noise pollution on humans . |
A.Gas wells dotted in the area provide favorable conditions for the study. |
B.The study sites are different in many ways including their noise level. |
C.It is difficult for plants to live without noise and animals. |
D.People can easily find the difference between the noisy and the quiet sites. |
A.Seedling. | B.Thin. |
C.Grown-up. | D.Tall. |
A.Noise pollution is obviously a trouble that can be avoided. |
B.Noise pollution could be a threat with the power to change ecosystems. |
C.The pine forest is important because it supports so much wildlife. |
D.Wildlife should be well protected for the future of this area. |
4 . Off the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 km. The seagrass, covering several kilometers, is made up of a single organism. The grasses are also long-lived, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystem—mangrove swamps and tidal marshes—seagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.
This role was highlighted in a report published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on “blue carbon” —the carbon stored by Earth’s oceanic and coastal ecosystems. In total around 3,300 million tons of carbon dioxide (about three-quarters of the world’s emissions in 2019) are locked away in the planet’s blue-carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the report’s author and an ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can suck as much carbon dioxide each year as 15 hectares of rainforest.
One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amount of carbon stored away. They possess another advantage, too. Climate change is leading to more wildfires around the world. As forests burn, their carbon stocks are sent back into the atmosphere. Unlike forests on land, blue-carbon ecosystems do not burn.
Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, but they remain affected by other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 cyclone Amphan destroyed 1,200 square kilometers of mangrove forests. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the world’s largest seagrass field in Shark Bay. Mangrove forests can weaken or control waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must.
1. What do the blue-carbon ecosystems consist of?A.The carbon stored in coastal ecosystems. |
B.Seagrass living off the coast of Formentera. |
C.A single organism, seagrass fields and forests on land. |
D.Seagrass fields, mangrove swamps and tidal marshes. |
A.The concrete role of “blue carbon”. | B.The special features of the seagrass. |
C.The storage ability of the blue-carbon sinks. | D.The findings about the blue-carbon ecosystems. |
A.Because they aren’t influenced by disasters. | B.Because there is more carbon in water than on land. |
C.Because their carbon stocks are released back. | D.Because they have greater absorbing ability. |
A.To add background information. | B.To give suggestions. |
C.To list influential examples. | D.To offer scientific data. |
5 . Every minute, every single day, about a truckload of plastic enters the ocean.
We buy a bottle of water, drink it for a few minutes, and throw its permanent packaging (包装) “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, then throw their permanent packaging “away”. We buy produce, take it out of the unnecessary plastic wrap, then throw its permanent packaging “away”.
The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day.
For years, we’ve been told the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action.
Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastic into the ocean; we have to get to know the source of the problem and slow down the production of all the plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start mopping. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source — the tap.
We need corporations — those like the Coca-Cola company, Unilever, Starbucks and Neatle that continue to produce throwaway (一次性的) plastic bottles — to step up and take responsibility for the mess they’ve created.
A.This is their problem to deal with. |
B.Plastic pollution is becoming very serious. |
C.But here is the problem — there is no “away’’. |
D.In some ways, our plastic problem is no different. |
E.We think that if we simply recycle we’re doing our part. |
F.It’s impossible for us to get rid of plastic pollution completely. |
G.Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide. |
Strange things happened before Tangshan earthquake happened.The well walls had deep cracks. Some
1.活动时间及地点;
2.活动内容:环保宣传、垃圾分类等;
3.活动意义。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
4.参考词汇:社区 community 社会实践 social practice垃圾分类 garbage classification
Dear Alex,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8 . The convenience plastic offers has led to a throw-away culture that reveals the material’s dark side. Many of its products, such as plastic bags and food wrappers, have a service life of mere minutes to hours.
Plastic has been the biggest threat to ocean life for decades. Sunlight, wind and wave action break down plastic waste to a certain extent, but it only succeeds in reducing it to smaller pieces.
Tests have also confirmed cell damage and trouble with animals’ reproductive systems caused by plastic-eating. Some species, such as oysters, produce fewer eggs if they wrongly take too much plastic.
Fortunately, solutions are being found. Many scientists agree the top priority is to prevent plastic waste from entering rivers and seas.
A.Nearly every species of seabird eats plastics. |
B.This makes plastic waste even harder to notice. |
C.Millions of animals are killed by plastic every year. |
D.Some pieces have even been found blocking their organs. |
E.Half of all plastics ever produced have been made in the last 15 years. |
F.It could be done with improved waste management systems and recycling. |
G.However, they may remain in the environment for hundreds of years and cause a lot of harm. |
9 . Understanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was noticed as early as ancient Rome. Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.
Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one’s best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.
Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought? Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.
Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms. Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods, Ms. Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and makes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.
1. Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?A.Bringing a resuable container to take away food. | B.Choosing appliances that cost less money. |
C.Turning off a device to stop using power. | D.Classifying the garbage before throwing it away. |
A.Recycable carboard. | B.Excessive packaging. |
C.Glass jars to store purchases. | D.Natural substances in cleaning products. |
A.How do people live a zero waste lifestyle. |
B.Why Ms. Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.. |
C.We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia. |
D.It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. |
A.Living a zero waste lifestyle. | B.Going green is more than a fashion. |
C.A zero waste lifetyle is easy to achieve. | D.Making environmentally-conscious decisions. |
10 . A lunch break – it’s an important and often necessary part of our working or school day. And now we’re spoilt (惯坏) with a lot of places to buy our lunch from, all offering attractive dishes and sandwiches to eat on the go.
But our appetite for buying our lunchtime fare is not just costing us money, there might be a cost in terms of damaging our planet too. Just grabbing a sandwich, crisps and maybe a cake and coffee can produce at least four items of waste. Paper boxes, cups, wrappers and plastic knives and forks are all part of our disposable (一次性的) feast in addition to the food waste we create. Some experts say throwing away food, which produces methane (甲烷) as it rots, is a bigger cause of climate change than plastics.
But regardless of what causes the most damage, the solution, according to an environmental campaign group called Hubbub, is to eat packed lunches. Tessa Tricks from the group says “People are saying that they are buying food to take out because life has got busier.” And she says people think they are being more efficient; but she argues that it's usually healthier and cheaper to make your own lunch. It means you can eat the things you really want and make the quantity that you actually need.
Of course, preparing your lunch is another thing to fit into your morning scramble (忙乱) of getting ready for work, so if you haven’t got time and you are going to buy lunch, an alternative that Hubbub suggests is to take your own container to a shop and ask them to put your food in it. The idea of using reusable coffee cups for hot drinks and refilling water bottles has already proved successful, so this could be another step in the right direction.
1. What’s the second paragraph mainly about?A.It costs a lot of money buying lunch. |
B.Eating fast food is no good to health. |
C.Buying lunch leads to great damage to environment. |
D.Experts give suggestions on eating. |
A.Stop eating packed lunches. |
B.Eating what you like. |
C.Trying to be more efficient in work. |
D.Making lunch by yourself. |
A.Buying lunch. |
B.Taking your own container. |
C.Using reusable coffee cup. |
D.Using refilling water bottles. |
A.Make a full use of lunch time. |
B.Eating properly to keep healthy. |
C.Doing what you can to reduce pollution. |
D.Giving lunch time eating habit a thought to reduce damage to environment. |