1 . In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater of to to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environment.You were hopping into your war, driving across town and coughing out emissions（排放）and using gas all the way.

But now that we’re used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little cocky. After all ,we’re just picking up our phones or maybe turning on the TV. You’re welcome.Mother   Nature.

Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shit Project. Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. That’s like driving 3.9 miles. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video," digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Stored in data centers, videos are transferred to our terminals such as computers, smart phones, etc. via networks: all these processes require electricity whose production consumes resources and usually involves CO2 emissions.

In the European Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song "Despacito" consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.

Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more attached to our devices. Online video use is expected to account for 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.

You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you con do to help lessen the impact of your online use.

Here are some tips:

※Disable autoplay for video on social media.

※Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks.

※Watch on the smallest screen you can.

※Don’t use high-definition（高清）video on devices.

1. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that people think           .

A．they should welcome Mother Nature

B．watching movies at home is more fun

C．it is inconvenient to drive to a movie theater

D．streaming at home avoids possible emissions

2. We may learn from the text that         .

A．3.9 miles may produce 3.5 pounds of CO2

B．digital technologies account for 4% of electricity use

C．Online video use makes up 80% of all internet traffic

D．60% of the world’s population watch videos online

3. Why are the five countries mentioned in paragraph 4?

A．To praise their energy-efficient practice.

B．To prove the poverty of the five countries

C．To stress the popularity of the song “Despacito”

D．To show the high energy use of downloads and streams

4. How can people help to save energy when streaming?

A．Use high-definition videos.	B．Turn off video autoplay
C．Stream over mobile networks.	D．Watch movies on bigger screens.

2 . Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can’t be reused.     1    

●Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water.

    2    . Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it’s shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.

●Use reusable bags while you’re shopping.

Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store’s shopping bags and bring your own instead, Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store.     3    .

●    4    .

Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try re-purposing items or making green crafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container.

●Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics.

While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby.     5    . For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.

A．Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years.

B．Reuse items to save them from the landfill.

C．You can use your reusable, bags at most stores.

D．Bottled water is really bad for the environment.

E．You probably need to change your personal habits

F．Invite your friend to connect with you in real life.

G．You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online.

3 . The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend's Miss America conference about the city's water crisis.

“I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. “I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you're from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what‘s going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing. ”

Emily Sioma,24,introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying,“From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma.” The brief ‘speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water.

Weaver said Sioma's decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. “I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she’s not a selfish person," Weaver said. “She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what’s going on in Flint, what’s going on with water quality standards what's going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. "

Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction.

“Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That, is a Miss America."

1. What does the underlined word “water crisis'' refer to in Paragraph 1?

A．Water transportation.	B．Water shortage.
C．Water reservation.	D．Water quality.

2. How does the mayor find Emily Sioma?

A．Curious and cautious.	B．Brave and unselfish.
C．Proud and admirable.	D．Talkative and outgoing.

3. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?

A．Summarize the previous paragraphs.	B．Introduce the ABC program.
C．Emphasize Sioma's influence.	D．Add some background information.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．The Mayor of Flint	B．A Twitter Voice
C．The ABC Competition	D．A Miss America

4 . 阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible    1    a significant reduction in intelligence. The research    2    (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test    3    (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called “The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance ”. It    4    ( publish ) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older.”

The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to    5    in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with    6    (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth    7    (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that    8    longer people were exposed to polluted air,the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year’s worth of lost education. For those    9    were over 60 years old,this could be several years. A researcher warned,“There is no shortcut    10    (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.”

5 . Humans produce 300 million tons of plastic waste every year -which is roughly equivalent (相当于) to the total weight of all humans living right now. But a new discovery offers hope, and could improve the way we deal with plastic.

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have designed a plastic that can be recycled (回收) over and over again, and turned into new materials of any color, shape, or form. They are calling it polydiketoenamine or PDK, and this new plastic can be broken apart all the way down to the molecular (分子的) level.

Brett Helms, the staff scientist at the Berkeley Lab who led the research, told ABC News that the new discovery “could significantly reduce the leakage (泄漏) of plastics into the environment.”

“That broken black watchband you threw in the rubbish could find new life as a computer keyboard if it’s made with our PDK plastics”, Helms said.

Many plastics used today were made with chemicals that make them stronger, but these chemicals can also make it more difficult to fully recycle the material or recycle them repeatedly. Over time, researchers say, even ‘recyclable’ plastics may end up in a landfill.

The Berkeley Lab says these types of chemicals had previously prevented plastic from achieving “the holy grail of recycling,” and that PDK plastic might be the answer.

“If these factories were designed to recycle or upcycle PDK and related plastics, then we would be able to more effectively remove plastic from landfills and the oceans,” Helms said.

Researchers say the next plan is to develop PDK plastics to use in cloth, building materials, and 3D printing.

The researcher’s findings are published in full in Nature Chemistry.

1. What is the clear advantage of PDK plastics over many plastics used today?

A．PDK plastics are light.

B．PDK plastics are strong.

C．PDK plastics can be recycled repeatedly.

D．PDK plastics are used the most widely in the world.

2. According to Helms, a computer keyboard thrown into rubbish ________.

A．is useless	B．can be recycled
C．can be used again	D．is not made with PDK plastics

3. The underlined words “the holy grail” in the passage probably mean ________.

A．the final goal	B．the new discovery
C．the bad condition	D．serious pollution

4. What are the researchers going to do next?

A．Publish their findings.	B．Find new ways to use PDK plastics.
C．Sell their new discovery.	D．Produce more PDK plastics.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yesterday we opened the floor for discussion about the     1     (protect) of the environment. The fact is known     2    vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. Many places have been destroyed and many plants and animals     3    (die). Factories produce large numbers of harmful chemicals. The waste they create    4    (go) into the atmosphere and makes us sick. Other types of waste flow into our water,    5    (make) river and sea life dead. Meanwhile, large numbers of fish are caught before     6    (them) lay eggs.

It is our duty    7    (try) to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy. The amount of rubbish we produce is turning into a big problem; we need to think more     8     recycling our waste. It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle,    9     teach people ways of living that do not harm the environment. We may even create more jobs and help our country become more     10    (develop) at the same time.

7 . 假如你是李华，长沙某中学高中学生，今年暑假回家乡看望爷爷奶奶，发现昔日的美丽的小山被一座座工厂取代，家乡的青年可以在附近的工厂工作，收入比以前增加了几倍，但是家乡的河流也受到了污染, 人们的健康受到损害。请你给某报社投稿，提出你对在发展经济的同时如何保护环境的建议或看法。
要点提示：1. 既要发展经济也要保护环境；

2. 如何保护环境

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2．需涵盖以上所有内容，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear editor,

I am Li Hua, a high school student from Changsha, Hunan Province. This summer

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

8 . By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”

1. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.

B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.

D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Sensitive.	B．Beneficial
C．Significant	D．Unnoticeable

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

B．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes

C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate

D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage？

A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes

B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain

C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans

D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton

9 . Five Ways to Go Green and Save Green

Climate change is in the news. It seems like everyone's “going green.” We're glad you want to take action too. Luckily many of the steps we can take to stop climate change can make our lives better. Let's start now.

Save energy to save money.

Set your thermostat（恒温器）degrees lower in the winter and a few degrees higher in the summer to save on heating and cooling costs.

    1     As much as 85 percent of the energy used to machine-wash clothes goes to heat the water.

Unplug (拔掉……的电源插头) electrical equipment when you're not using it.

Save water to save money.

Take shorter showers to reduce water use. This will lower your water and heating bills too.

Plant drought-tolerant (耐旱的) native plants in your garden.     2    Find out about these plants in your area.

Fix a low-flow showerhead. They don't cost much and the water and energy savings can quickly pay back your money.

    3    

Walk or bike to work. This saves on gas and parking costs while improving your health and reducing your risk of being fat.

Eat smart.

If you eat meat, add one meatless meal a week. Meat costs a lot at the store and it's even more expensive when you consider the related environmental and health costs.

    4    Purchasing from local farmers keeps money in the local economy.

Avoid bottled water.

    5    

Use a water filter (过滤器) to make drinking water instead of buying bottled water. Not only is bottled water expensive but it causes large amounts of container waste.

A．When speaking of something to eat, try local products whenever you can.

B．Our grandchildren and their children will thank us for living green.

C．Bring a reusable water bottle with you when traveling or at work.

D．Wash clothes in cold water whenever possible.

E．Less gas = more money and better health!

F．Move a little nearer to your work.

G．Many plants need little watering.

10 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini- tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency- I’d never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I hold the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl on to his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
We had to wait,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition.
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。