1 . Almost every day, we learn of disasters of one form or another through the media. These include not just major disasters that affect large areas for a long time. A severe storm, an electric power breakdown, or a house fire can bring a personal disaster to an individual. This brochure aims to help you develop your personal preparedness plan.

I Stockpiling food and drink ● Drinking is more important than eating. Keep about 14 liters of liquid per person in stock for each week. ● No experiments. Your supplies should mainly consist of food and drink that you normally have. ● Ensure that your supplies can be stored for long periods of time without refrigeration and that most of them can be eaten cold. Ⅱ Emergency pack ● The aim of a disaster supplies kit should be to help you to cope with the possibility of having to exist for a few days outside of your house. Don't take more for each family member than could be conveniently contained within the confines of a rucksack (帆布背包). A rucksack is more practical than a suitcase, as it allows you to have both hands free. ● The emergency rucksack should contain these items: —First aid materials, personal medication —Sleeping bag or blanket —Hygiene products for a couple of days Ⅲ Electric power breakdown ● Keep a supply of torches and candles, as well as spare batteries, matches or lighters in the house. Remember that batteries do not last indefinitely. Regularly use the batteries up and replace them. ● You can prepare smaller meals on a camping stove, one that can be operated through the use of charcoal (木炭) or gas. Ⅳ Keep up-to-date in an emergency Floods or heavy snowfalls may lead to parts of the population getting cut off from the outside world. Information and warnings are important for survival. Those who are trapped can often only be reached by radio, television or the Internet. However, television and the Internet only work when there is electric power, which could fail. This leaves just the radio as the main warning device. Ⅴ About us The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) was established in2004 as a central organizational unit for civil security in Germany. The BBK is your reliable partner for emergency preparedness and self-help. You can find further information on our website.

1. The brochure is provided in order to _______.

A．inform people about recent disasters

B．provide tips on how to survive in a disaster

C．encourage people to stockpile food and drink on a regular basis

D．promote the Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance

2. What is the recommended device to receive warnings during a disaster?

A．A laptop.

B．A television.

C．A mobile phone.

D．A battery-powered radio.

3. The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance is _______.

A．a charity that collects donations for disaster victims

B．a non-profit organization that provides disaster relief globally

C．an international organization that coordinates disaster response efforts

D．a government agency that prepares people for emergencies in Germany

2 . Creativity is commonly thought of as a personality trait that resides within the individual. We count on creative people to produce the songs, movies, and books we love, to invent the new gadgets that can change our lives, and to discover the new scientific theories and philosophies that can change the way we view the world. Over the past several years, however, social psychologists have discovered that creativity is not only a characteristic of the individual, but may also change depending on the situation and context. The question, of course, is what those situations are: what makes us more creative at times and less creative at others?

One answer is psychological distance. According to the Construal Level Theory (CLT) of psychological distance, anything that we do not experience as occurring now, here, and to ourselves falls into the “psychologically distant” category. It's also possible to induce a state of “psychological distance” simply by changing the way we think about a particular problem, such as attempting to take another person’s perspective, or by thinking of the question as if it were unreal and unlikely. In this new paper, by Lile Jia and colleagues at Indiana University, scientists have demonstrated that increasing psychological distance so that a problem feels farther away can actually increase creativity.

Why does psychological distance increase creativity? According to CLT, psychological distance affects the way we mentally represent things, so that distant things are represented in a relatively abstract way while psychologically near things seem more concrete. Consider, for instance, a corn plant. A concrete representation would refer to the shape, color, taste, and smell of the plant, and connect the item to its most common use—a food product. An abstract representation, on the other hand, might refer to the corn plant as a source of energy or as a fast-growing plant. These more abstract thoughts might lead us to contemplate other, less common uses for corn, such as a source for ethanol, or to use the plant to create mazes for children. What this example demonstrates is how abstract thinking makes it easier for people to form surprising connections between seemingly unrelated concepts, such as fast-growing plants (corn) and fuel for cars (ethanol) .

In this most recent study, Jia examined the effect of spatial distance on creativity. Participants performed a creative generation task, in which they were asked to list as many different modes of transportation as possible. This task was introduced as having been developed either by Indiana University students studying in Greece (distant condition) or by Indiana University students studying in Indiana (near condition) . As predicated, participants in the distant condition generated more numerous and original modes of transportation than participants in the near condition.

1. What can we learn about psychological distance?

A．It brings more abstract concepts into our mind.

B．It builds uncommon connections in our mind.

C．It enables us to know more uses of common things.

D．It makes problems easier to be solved.

2. Which of the following is true of spatial distance according to Jia’s study?

A．Distant condition is related to people’s creative ability.

B．It makes students in Indiana list more modes of transportation.

C．It enables people to generate more abstract ideas.

D．It helps one to take another person’s perspective.

3. Which would be the best title of the passage?

A．Formation of Abstract Thoughts	B．Formation of Connections among Concepts
C．Ways to Create Psychological Distance	D．An Easy Approach to Promote Creativity

3 . We now live in an age of instant images and emoji, when 10,000 copies of a picture can be spread around the world in seconds by sliding a finger half an inch across a phone screen. This would have been unbelievable and unimaginable 20 years ago. But it is in the world of hand-copied manuscripts (手稿) 1,000 years old or more that the digital revolution has had some of its most profound and obvious beneficial effects. What may have taken three years to write out can today be printed out in three seconds. There are now tens of thousands of once unique documents which have been digitized and placed online for anyone to access all around the world, and this is a vast, democratizing wonder.

Take the Parker Library in Cambridge, which contains the scholarly works during the Reformation (宗教改革时期) and collected by Matthew Parker. It has been digitized in a project with Stanford University, and in 2018 the site was opened to all comers to browse after 10 years behind scholarly paywalls. What is astonishing is not just the texts themselves, but the pictures: the illuminations (插图) on some of the manuscripts show off the fertility and vividness of the medieval imagination.

Digitized collections of these sorts cannot entirely substitute for real libraries. To touch with your own hand a parchment (羊皮纸) from a medieval monk is an experience no screen can offer, but it is one which must always be restricted to a lucky few. There are some things so old and fragile that even being looked at may damage them. The caves at Lascaux had to be closed to protect the paintings from the breath of tourists and replaced by a virtual display.

Yet in some ways these copies are better than the originals. Reproductions of a high enough quality make obvious de tail that’s invisible to the native eye. What’s more, digital collections can be gathered on one screen from across the globe. The International Dunhuang Project reunites on screen tens of thousands of Buddhist scrolls and artifacts in western China. What is possible with this one collection should fairly soon be possible with all the scholarly digitized manuscripts of the world. The hope is to bring them under one system of classification so that they can quickly be searched and sorted no matter where they came from and where they now are stored.

The world may always prefer cat gifs to ancient manuscripts, but the translation from parchment to pixels (像素) reminds us of the humanistic optimism with which the web came into the world, and shows that much of it was not misplaced at all.

1. By mentioning the Parker Library, the author intends to _______.

A．condemn the behavior of Matthew Parker as immoral

B．demonstrate the worth and value of its distinctive documents

C．describe the measures and effects of digitizing the manuscripts

D．display the fertility and vividness of the medieval imagination

2. According to Paragraph 3, the purpose of closing the caves at Lascaux is to _______.

A．prevent the paintings from being damaged	B．carry on the restoration of the paintings
C．show the wonder effect of virtual display	D．reduce the number of tourists

3. Classifying the digitized manuscripts in one system is beneficial to _______.

A．collecting much more valuable materials	B．quickly finding and sorting documents
C．consulting materials from all over the world	D．saving time and energy of searching documents

4. Which would be the best title of the passage?

A．The Impact of Digital Revolution Era

B．The New Era of Traditional Manuscripts

C．Accessibility of Old Manuscripts All Around the World

D．Digital Revolution Brings Manuscripts To life

4 . The only words you need to say after receiving a compliment (赞美) are “thank you”. But you know that's easier said than done.

There are many reasons why you have a hard time accepting compliments.     1     It's a three step process. First, believe what people tell you. If you're still having a hard time taking the compliment, double check. And if it's still hard to accept then you'll have to check yourself.

    2     For example, if you're six feet tall and I say, “Wow, you're tall! ” I'm being honest. I'm five foot nine, so plenty of people are tall compared to me. I'm expressing that subjectively, from my shorter vantage point, you are tall. I'm not saying everyone would agree with me. Just like if I say City of God is a great movie, I'm not saying you have to think it's a great movie.

You have to listen carefully to compliments. It's not always obvious if you're being complimented for something only others can observe. If you are five foot six inches tall, and weigh seventy pounds, I would say you are slim. But if you are comparing yourself to someone who is shorter, and weighs five pounds less than you, you might call yourself plump. In this extreme example, the outside perspective is more accurate than the internal one.       3    

If you're still struggling to accept a compliment, you don't just have to take someone at their word. It can be hard to accept an opinion when it's the opposite of yours, so call in reinforcements. Ask someone else what they think.     4     You can ask two or three or four more people if two isn't enough.

    5     If you mislead or lie to people about your opinions, then it's not surprising that you have a hard time trusting that people's compliments are genuine. Be more honest with people around you, and you'll find it much easier to believe what people say about you.

A．They will be the tie breaker.

B．You can check with someone else instead.

C．The causes are complicated but the path to accepting compliments is simpler.

D．How honest are you with your friends and family when they ask for your opinion?

E．When someone is trying to pay you a compliment, they are speaking subjectively.

F．When someone pays you a compliment, they are speaking about something that is observable.

G．Similarly, when I call you smart or funny, I'm commenting based on my definition of smart or funny, that's how I see you.

5 . 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

“I know I should do it, but exercising makes me feel miserable. I’m out of breath, hot and sweaty, and it just hurts. ” Does this sound familiar? You’re not alone.

About 97 percent of us think that getting enough exercise is important for health. One study of 3, 500 adults who used a fitness tracker found that less than 4 percent actually met the goal of 150 minutes of moderate activity per week.

Aside from health, what are your motivations for exercising? A 2024 study of 489 young Spanish adults found that men exercise to improve their self-image, while women are more likely to be motivated by weight loss or reducing body fat. The findings suggest that there’s a relationship between intrinsic motivation and level of physical activity, but how do you get intrinsically motivated if exercise makes you feel miserable?

Here are a few suggestions to help you overcome your bad feelings about exercise:

First, recognize that most habitual exercisers experience some discomfort with their workout. The trick for you is to limit the discomfort while exercising. Your exercise should be physically challenging, but if you’re really struggling, dial it down. Ease up, go slower, use less weight, take a break, or stop sooner; whatever it takes so that you can feel the effort you’re making but you’re not overwhelmed by it. You’re not being a quitter as long as you complete the exercise and do it again the next time.

Second, pair exercise with something that you enjoy. Get earbuds so you can listen to music or a favorite podcast. You can also give yourself a reward for finishing the workout. For example, you could only watch a favorite program on days that you’ve exercised.

Third, do the activity with a friend. If you set a routine exercise schedule with your friend, you’ll go, even if you don’t feel like doing so. You wouldn’t want to disappoint your friend, would you?

Maybe instead of hating exercise, you can dislike it less and take pride in doing it and enjoying its effects.

1. How many of the people involved in the study actually get enough exercise?
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do the findings of 2024 study suggest?
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Even the most habitual exercisers experience some discomfort with their workout, so the more physically challenging, the more effective your exercise would be.

_________________________________________________________________________________
4. What other ways can make you dislike exercise less? Why? (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

After graduating from the university     1     a bachelor’s degree in biotechnology in 2020, Jiang Ming started work as a keeper at the forest zoo, which is home to more than 3, 000 animals from 260 species.

Born and raised in a rural area of Jiangsu, he     2     (love) animals and watched documentaries about them since childhood.

During his job interview at the zoo, when Jiang was asked     3     he had any experience in saving animals, he said the first one he     4     (help) rescue was a small turtle his father found in a river near his village.

7 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Shadow puppetry, also called “yingzixi”,     1     (consider) to be a predecessor (前身) of the movie and had existed in China for centuries.

As for the origin, shadow puppetry can date back to the Han Dynasty. Once Emperor Liu Che lost his beloved wife Li due to a deadly disease. Much     2     (sorrow) about her death, he even ignored the state affairs,     3     worried his officials quite a lot.

But unfortunately, the ancient art gradually fell due to the impact of modern audio-visual media like television and movies.

8 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

China is likely to become the first country     1     (bring) Martian soil back to Earth in an ambitious science and engineering endeavor, according to a top space scientist.

Wu Weiren, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a     2     (lead) scientist at the China National Space Administration, said that the nation plans to collect Martian samples and then bring them back to Earth around 2030 via a historic mission     3     (name) Tianwen 3, the third in China's interplanetary exploration schedule.

9 . It was rush hour in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. White, 38, was driving home. He noticed a gray Nissan four-door pickup on the opposite side of the two-lane street. It was hard to _______ , since it was turning sharply and careening into the curb (路缘) .

As the pickup drew closer, White got a good look at the _______ : the driver appeared to be asleep. Pretty soon, this guy's going to crash into a house, White thought. While many people would have _______ driving, that's not how White because of his permanent instinct to help out. He had to stop that vehicle.

White busted a U-turn and was now facing in the same direction as the pickup, but there were four cars _______ them. Trapped, White pulled his car over, jumped out and ran around to the driver's side. The window was down on this _______ autumn day. White grabbed the frame of the window—his legs moving in step with the pickup—and with a mighty heave, leaped in.

White was now inside the cab of the truck, waist deep, his legs dangling out the window. The man behind the wheel, 64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was just _______ enough to be shocked by the sight of a stranger sprawled across his stomach, and he let out a yelp.

White worked quickly. They were coming up to a busy intersection, he recalls, “so I was trying to stop anything before it happened.” He _______ the pickup into park, causing it to jolt to a stop. He _______ himself from the truck window the same way he came in.

From outside the truck, White asked DeAngelis if he was OK. “No,” he replied, in a haze. DeAngelis, a diabetic, was _______ facing dangerously low blood sugar.

“I'm always trying to help, where I can, when I can, ” White says.

But jumping into a moving vehicle to prevent a crash? White admits this was new ________ .

1.

A．miss

B．recognize

C．seek

D．realize

2.

A．direction

B．problem

C．street

D．pickup

3.

A．carried out

B．given up

C．kept on

D．taken over

4.

A．prohibiting

B．overtaking

C．separating

D．following

5.

A．burning

B．cooling

C．warm

D．temperate

6.

A．calm

B．anxious

C．desperate

D．conscious

7.

A．forced

B．wheeled

C．urged

D．led

8.

A．ejected

B．landed

C．released

D．escaped

9.

A．regularly

B．specially

C．constantly

D．unexpectedly

10.

A．cause

B．challenge

C．approach

D．territory

10 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。

When Halloween arrives, you know there is bound to be some mischief (恶作剧). So I wasn’t     1     (entire) surprised when I opened my front door that night to see my candy bowl completely—and very suddenly—empty. To be fair, this was after some light rain    2     (clear) the street of most trick-or-treaters and the youngest had already made the rounds. I never saw    3     took it, but I did shout “Happy Halloween!” into the night air.