1 . There are reasonable dependencies that are healthy for an individual’s development. However, other dependencies bring unhappiness.     1     In this article, we’re going to be talking about some of them.

Other people’s opinions

Depending on other people’s opinions means letting your behavior, likes and desires be determined by the approval of those that surround you.     2     As a result of this, you guide your life projects, dreams, and behavior according to what others may think.

Fashion

Few are able to tell apart their own tastes and style from the current fashion trends. Now, we’re not only talking about clothing or accessories here but about general preferences and even philosophies. That desire to hop on a train and be part of the majority sometimes leads to dependency. Some become truly concerned about not being “in style”.     3    

Physical appearance

    4     As a result, they end up believing that their worth as human beings is defined by the way they look. We can’t lie; beauty opens doors to some individuals. Also, it makes it easier for some to climb to the top. However, it doesn’t serve much beyond that initial chapter.

Money

When the individual begins associating their personal value with the amount of money they have, it becomes a problem. Relying on money sometimes means believing that happiness equals consumption.     5     To those who think this way, not having money is equivalent to losing everything, including themselves.

A．It is associated with a deep dependency.

B．Having money is vital to everyone’s life.

C．These don’t contribute to your well-being.

D．Therefore, their own sense of identity is lost.

E．Some people take this too seriously to the point of addiction.

F．Supposing that your value depends on your wealth is the key to unhappiness.

G．You don’t really focus on believing yourself but getting acceptance from others.

6 . A boy who has been climbing the equivalent (等量) of Mount Qomolangma in aid of a children’s hospice (救济院) is about to reach his fundraising goal of £29,031. Six-year-old Oscar, from Lancaster, has climbed 10 of the UK’s highest mountains to help Chorley’s Derian House. He said he needed two more to match Mount Qomolangma’s 29,031 feet height.

Oscar started his challenge on October 9, 2022, and Ingleborough in the Yorkshire Dales was the first mountain to be chosen. He said that the hardest climb so far had been Cairn Gorm in the Scottish Highlands because the snow was so deep.

Oscar took on the challenge in the hope of raising enough money to send 29 children with life-limiting illnesses on holiday. “I wanted to be the youngest person to climb Mount Qomolangma and I have climbed 10 out of 12 mountains. When I get older, I want to climb the real Mount Qomolangma,” Oscar said.

“It was amazing what a child’s dream can achieve. We’re speechless and couldn’t be prouder. We were grateful to everyone that supported us along Oscar’s journey,” Oscar’s father Matt wrote on the social media.

Oscar and his family hoped to make their final climb on Ben Nevis in Scotland on May 29, 2023. The climb would mark not only the completion of Oscar’s challenge, but also the 70th anniversary of the first successful ascent (攀登) of Mount Qomolangma by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.

“For every foot he climbed, our children would get a pound to achieve their dreams. The total £29,031 raised by Oscar would help support the work of the hospice, which provides end-of-life care to more than 400 children across the northwest of England,” said Karen Edwards, a senior official of Derian House.

“The six-year-old was an unbelievable little boy who had truly gone to great heights. How many six-year-olds could say that they have climbed the height of Mount Qomolangma?” Karen added.

1. What has happened to Oscar according to the text?

A．He has achieved his aim of fundraising.

B．He has climbed 10 mountains in the UK.

C．He has climbed every mountain in the UK.

D．He has completed the height of Mount Qomolangma.

2. Which mountain has challenged Oscar the most?

A．Ingleborough.

B．Ben Nevis.

C．Mount Qomolangma.

D．Cairn Gorm.

3. What can we infer about Oscar?

A．He grew up in a low-income family.

B．He raised one pound for every foot he climbed.

C．He hesitated to climb the real Mount Qomolangma.

D．He challenged Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.

4. Which can best describe the feeling of Karen Edwards?

A．Surprised.

B．Confused.

C．Disappointed.

D．Relieved.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Recently, a video featuring a student named Chen from China has gone viral. In the video, he is seen wearing a self-made mechanical flower crown (王冠) while     1     (perform) a special dance in a classroom.

In an interview, Chen gave the     2     (explain) that this special dance served as his final project presentation for class. His aim was     3     (introduce) more foreign classmates and teachers to the charm of Chinese traditional culture through this unique performance.

Chen shared that the inspiration behind his DIY flower crown actually came from ancient Chinese headwear noted     4     zanhua.

After his classroom presentation, he received positive feedback from his foreign teachers and classmates,     5     appreciated the mixture of modern creativity and traditional Chinese elements.

Chen expressed happiness about the video gaining attention from netizens and stated, “I will continue to work hard to produce even     6     (good) works and showcase the charm of Chinese traditional culture.”

The custom of zanhua headwear originates in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, and     7     (date) back to the Han Dynasty. The tradition continued among women after the Han Dynasty, with the flowers used mostly being seasonal fresh flowers.

Interestingly, during the Tang Dynasty, there was also     8     phenomenon of men wearing zanhua headwear, which became     9     (increasing) common by the Song Dynasty and was even included in certain ceremonies. In 2008, zanhua     10     (list) in the national intangible cultural heritage lists.

9 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When danger is coming, firefighters are heroes who put their lives at risk to keep everyone safe. But in calmer moments, they can also go the extra mile for someone with something so simple yet impactful.

Many fall in love with firefighting as a child by riding a truck and visiting a fire station. Whether he does or doesn’t grow up to become a firefighter, he will know he is loved and accepted the way he is. This is especially heartwarming when children are at the receiving end of firefighters’ kindness.

Now, one firefighter went out of his way to make sure that a kid didn’t feel left out when his team spent a day with some children from a kindergarten.

These children spent the day in getting a close look at the fire station and the work of firefighters. First, led by firefighters, they paid a visit to the fire station, which made them feel excited. Later, in order to make the children have a more real experience, the station decided to let the young tourists wear red fireman helmets (头盔).

When they wore the red fireman helmets, everyone was so delighted and cheers broke out. But one child was standing with low spirits and didn’t wear a red helmet. It seemed that the child wasn’t welcome, which may influence the child’s confidence. That made the firefighters surprised.

“One child didn’t wear a red fireman helmet. No enough helmets?” One of the firefighters asked the children’s teacher.

“No. Well, his hair was in a high ponytail (马尾辫), preventing him from putting his helmet on. And he likes the high ponytail very much and doesn’t want to break it,” the teacher replied.

“I see. Maybe we can do something, can we mark the width of the child’s ponytail and cut a hole in the tiny helmet to make sure his hair fit s through the hole?” the firefighter said.

Hearing that, the teacher thought it was a good idea.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With the help of the teacher, the firefighter started carrying out his plan.

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The firefighter handed the brand new tiny helm et to the child.

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10 . A team in Europe are working with wood, but not in the usual ways. They are not carpenters (木匠). Instead, they are scientists exploring how wood can lead to a greener electronic device, a transistor (晶体管) made from balsa wood, whose production releases less climate-warming gas into the air.

Transistors play an important role in computers and other devices. They act like tiny switches to control the flow of electricity. Engineers use them to process and store data. Today’s laptops may host billions of them. So they must be tiny — only a little wider than a strand of DNA.

The new transistor being built by physicist Isak Engquist and his team at Sweden’s Linkoping University isn’t as small as those. Big enough to see and hold, it can stand only an electric pressure that pushes electrons along. And it controls a current using charged particles (粒子) called ions.

This new technology shows a “proof of concept” that the idea can work, even if the new device is not yet ready to put into today’s electronics. “While it seems large by today’s standards, such a transistor still might prove useful for electronics that require low electric pressures,” says Engquist.

“The new transistor suggests that future electronic devices might be made in living plants,” Daniel Simon, a physicist in the team, says. “Imagine peeling away some bark from a living tree,” he says, “and stamping electronic circuits into the living wood.”

In fact, Engquist says, “There are so many ways we can use wood and the components of wood that we would never have thought of.” For instance, he can now imagine a wood-based sensor that could monitor crop health, measure pollution or survey a forest for fire risk.

1. Which can best describe the transistor?

A．Costly.	B．Widely used.
C．Time-saving.	D．More environmentally friendly.

2. What is the new transistor’s disadvantage compared to common transistors?

A．It is much bigger.	B．It can’t stand electric pressure.
C．It can’t be seen.	D．It is made from metal.

3. What is Engquist’s attitude to the new transistor’s future?

A．Uncertain.

B．Doubtful.

C．Positive.

D．Indifferent.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．Wood’s surprising roles in modern electronic design

B．Wood-made transistors: a step toward greener electronics

C．Scientists are researching the history of transistors

D．Scientists are working as carpenters to invent transistors