1 . Vegetarians would rather not be forced to eat meat. Yet the reverse compulsion is hidden in the proposals for a new plant-based “planetary diet.” Nowhere is this more visible than in India.

Earlier this year, the EAT-Lancet Commission released its global report on nutrition and called for a global shift to a more plant-based diet and for “substantially reducing consumption of animal source foods.” In countries like India, that call could become a tool to aggravate an already tense political situation and stress already undernourished populations.

The EAT report assumes that “traditional diets” in countries like India include little red meat, which might be consumed only on special occasions or as minor ingredients in mixed dishes.

In India, however, there is a vast difference between what people would wish to consume and what they have to consume because of innumerable barriers around class, religion, culture, cost, geography, etc. Policymakers in India have traditionally pushed for a cereal-heavy “vegetarian diet” on a meat-eating population as a way of providing the cheapest sources of food.

Currently, under an aggressive Hindu nationalist government, Muslims, Christians, disadvantaged classes and indigenous communities are being compelled to give up their traditional foods.

None of these concerns seem to have been appreciated by the EAT-Lancet Commission’s representative, Brent Loken, who said “India has got such a great example” in sourcing protein from plants.

But how much of a model for the world is India’s vegetarianism? In the Global Hunger Index, the country ranks 102^nd out of 117. Data from the National Family Health Survey indicate that only 10 percent of infants of 6 to 23 months are adequately fed, which is why calls for a plant-based diet modeled on India risk offering another whip with which to beat already vulnerable communities in developing countries.

A diet directed at the affluent West fails to recognize that in low-income countries undernourished children are known to benefit from the consumption of milk and other animal source foods, improving cognitive functions, while reducing the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies as well as death.

EAT-Lancet claimed its intention was to “spark conversations” among all Indian stakeholders. Yet vocal critics of the food processing industry and food fortification strategies have been left out of the debate. But the most conspicuous (明显的) omission may well be the absence of India’s farmers.

1. What is more visible in India than anywhere else according to the passage?

A．People’s positive views on the proposals for a “planetary diet”.

B．People’s reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food.

C．People’s preferences for the kind of food they consume.

D．People’s unwillingness to give up their eating habits.

2. What would the EAT-Lancet Commission’s report do to many people in countries like India?

A．Radically change their dietary habits.	B．Keep them further away from politics.
C．Make them even more undernourished.	D．Substantially reduce their food choices.

3. What do we learn from the passage about food consumption in India?

A．People’s diet will not change due to the EAT-Lancet report.

B．Many people simply do not have access to foods they prefer.

C．There is a growing popularity of a cereal-heavy vegetarian diet.

D．Policymakers help remove the barriers to people’s choice of food.

4. What does the passage say about a plant-based diet modeled on India?

A．It may benefit populations whose traditional diet is meat-based.

B．It may be another blow to the economy in developing countries.

C．It may worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries.

D．It may help narrow the gap between the rich and poor countries.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

You can be happy even when you’re suffering from illness, but that doesn’t mean you should ignore the aspects of your health     1     are in your control. Exercise and sleep are particularly important when it comes     2     happiness.

Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body. It also has a     3     (power) effect on mental well-being. People who exercise regularly are happier across the board. Plus, they’re also less stressed, anxious, and     4     (depress).

It doesn’t really matter     5     kind of exercise you do, so long as you do it regularly. For the best results, aim for an hour of exercise at least five days a week. If you find something you enjoy, you’ll be more likely     6     (stick) to it. So don’t think you’re limited to     7     (go) to the gym. Find something that suits your lifestyle and preferences. If you’re having trouble thinking of activities you enjoy, think back to when you     8     (be) a kid. What sports or games did you like to play?

Also, getting quality sleep every night directly     9     (affect) your happiness, and emotional stability during the day. When you re lacking sleep, you’re much easier to stress. It’s harder to be productive, think creatively, and make wise     10     (decide). The average person needs at least 7.5 - 9 hours each night.

3 . I’ve always loved horses, but for years my riding took a back seat to my four kids’ soccer games, dance recitals and so on. As my children became more _______,I decided it was time to put myself _______the calendar, not always being at the beck and call of my family.

I have a work-to-ride rent at a nearby stable (马厩). As soon as I arrive at the stable, I always _______ to take a deep breath or two, inhaling the sweetness of freshly mown hay (干草). Then I go for a joyride. Sometimes, I’m_______by a friend and other times I ride solo, but it’s always a reset and _______ of my batteries for another week in the real world.

One day, as I wiped off my bridle (马笼头), my friend Mary asked with sad eyes, “Did you hear about Heather? She _______ her son last week.”

“No, how awful! Heather’s son is around my age.” I murmured.

“Yes, it’s tragic,” she said. “I _______to her yesterday. She seemed okay despite everything.”

“Yesterday? She was out here?”

“She and her grandsons went for a trail _______. This is the best place to be when you need to _______real life,” Mary commented knowingly.

I nodded ________. Mary’s husband had just ________a horrible disease, and whenever she wasn’t taking care of him, she was here to take care of herself. We all ________ various levels of heart-hurt on a daily basis. Our stable is pure________— from worry, frustration, hurt, even unimaginable loss.

Relief from real life. We all need it, somewhere, somehow, because life is ________. I’m so glad I’ve found that horse time can make the hardest landings a little ________.

1.

A．ambitious

B．enthusiastic

C．independent

D．responsible

2.

A．on

B．in

C．off

D．behind

3.

A．forget

B．hesitate

C．regret

D．stop

4.

A．persuaded

B．joined

C．refused

D．forced

5.

A．replacement

B．recovery

C．recharge

D．repair

6.

A．lost

B．beat

C．abandoned

D．raised

7.

A．wrote

B．talked

C．explained

D．whispered

8.

A．adventure

B．walk

C．visit

D．ride

9.

A．get through

B．get over

C．get away from

D．get across

10.

A．silently

B．hurriedly

C．gratefully

D．eagerly

11.

A．spread

B．developed

C．controlled

D．prevented

12.

A．result from

B．recover from

C．depart from

D．suffer from

13.

A．concern

B．affection

C．escape

D．value

14.

A．tough

B．precious

C．simple

D．unclear

15.

A．neater

B．smoother

C．softer

D．higher

4 . It is not hard to learn more about a piece of famous painting, but identifying an unknown painting can be tricky. What do you need to do to get its specific information? Here are tips to identify a painting.

·Use the signature or monogram (字母组合图案) to dig online and find the image. Look in the corners of the painting to see if there is a signature or monogram.     1     If it’s harder to read, see if you can break down the letters and read them. This will let you narrow down the search and figure out who the artist is.

·Turn to an image recognition app to identify the painting immediately. If you’re struggling to remember an artist’s name or you want additional information on a particular painting, download an image recognition app designed specifically for art. There are several apps for both Android and iPhone that allow you to snap a photo of a painting to search through museum catalogues, university databases, and art history texts.     2    

·Ask an expert to identify the era, style, or painter of an image.     3     The reason is that an expert like a professor in the field of art will be able to offer insights about the period, style, and give you a better sense for where to look. He may even know who the artist is as soon as he takes a look at it.

·    4     Contemporary painters may paint people or objects from the past, but they can’t time travel. If there’s a train, company logo or some other time-specific component of it, this is a great way to set a baseline (基准) for your search.

In a word, the tips above are helpful.     5     In this way, you will effortlessly identify the unknown painting.

A．This is the easiest way to find a specific painting.

B．Locate its exact location when you appreciate the painting.

C．If the name is easy to read, search the artist’s name up online to find it.

D．Email or visit an art history professor to ask whether he can look at the image.

E．Take advantage of obvious clues in the subject matter to narrow down the date.

F．Thus, you’ll find it easier than you think to find the information you’re looking for.

G．If the professor mainly focuses on newer artists, a contemporary abstract piece is going to be easier to identify.

5 . 假设你是学生会主席李华，你校本周日拟组织学生参观历史博物馆，托你通知相关事宜并随行，请你写一则书面通知，相关内容如下：
活动安排：1. 8:00a.m.在学校门口集合;
2. 8:40 a.m.在导游的带领下参观历史博物馆;
3. 11:00 a.m.参观结束，乘车返回。
要求：统一穿校服。
注意：词数80左右。

Notice

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Students’ Union

May 12th, 2024

6 . Eating more plants is a great move for your health and the environment.     1     There are some common mistakes people make when going meatless:

Not replacing meat with other protein sources. When you take something out of your diet, you take out the nutrients that food provided.     2     Some nutritionists recommend including protein sources like beans, soy foods, nuts and nut butters, seeds and seed butters, and whole grains.

    3     There are more choices than ever for plant-based burgers, sausage, and ground “meat”, and they seem like a no-brainer good choice. But man-made meats also tend to be heavily processed, which contain ingredients (成分) that offer zero nutrition such as preservatives and coloring.

Taking too much cheese. Limit your intake of refined carbohydrates (碳水化合物), sweets and cheese. Cheese is an easy way to get meat-free protein, but too much can end up adding a lot of saturated (饱和的) animal fat in your diet. People are suggested to get most of their protein from plant-based sources and use smaller amounts of cheese to give flavor.     4    

Not having enough vegetables. The point of eating more plant-based food is to eat more plants!     5     The trick is that no matter what you are eating, throw a handful of greens onto your plate or bowl.

A．Making an effort to eat protein.

B．But that doesn’t always happen.

C．Take a look at your plate before you eat.

D．Eating too many processed man-made meats.

E．Meat is a rich source of protein, iron and B vitamins.

F．But simply eating less meat doesn’t guarantee health benefits.

G．Replace cheese with things like nut-based sauces in some dishes.

7 . This morning, I went to the shop to buy some things for breakfast. On the way back home, I decided to _________ some money from my bank account. As soon as I arrived home, within 30 seconds, the doorbell rang. I _________ the door to find two strangers standing there. They asked if I had _________ any money. At that moment, I wasn’t _________, but upon checking, I realized I was _________ missing some money. I expressed my _________ to them and tried to offer them some money as a _________, but they refused to accept anything.

I decided to _________ the footage (片段) from my video doorbell to see where I might have dropped the money. In the video, I saw two young boys walking behind me on the road, and they _________ me to inform me about the lost money. I was touched. They could have easily __________ with the money, and I would never have known.

I posted about this incident on my social media, which gained a lot of __________. A woman named Helen Pye messaged me, expressing her __________ because the boys were only 17 years old. Helen Pye revealed that the boys were her son Jarrod and his friend, whom she considers to be __________ young men.

This __________ filled me with hope and gratitude. Their good deed reassured me that __________ things happen when we choose to look for them with an open heart. I hope they get a good deed payed back to them one day.

1.

A．make

B．draw

C．earn

D．spend

2.

A．watched

B．approached

C．closed

D．answered

3.

A．dropped

B．found

C．stolen

D．needed

4.

A．confident

B．interested

C．aware

D．uninterested

5.

A．sometimes

B．hardly

C．never

D．indeed

6.

A．gratitude

B．curiosity

C．satisfaction

D．excitement

7.

A．tip

B．reward

C．desire

D．bonus

8.

A．renew

B．remove

C．revise

D．review

9.

A．urged

B．prevented

C．followed

D．stopped

10.

A．hung out

B．got around

C．walked away

D．come down

11.

A．challenges

B．attention

C．criticisms

D．attraction

12.

A．pride

B．surprise

C．thrill

D．confusion

13.

A．average

B．stylish

C．modern

D．amazing

14.

A．behavior

B．society

C．experience

D．generation

15.

A．unique

B．wonderful

C．daily

D．strange

8 . As fall approaches, like many of us who either follow an academic calendar for our work or have children in school, I’m preparing for a significant change in my schedule. As I anticipate more demands on my time, I reflect on how to maintain some sense of balance in my life.     1    

First of all, it is sensible to think small. We often feel like our values-based actions need to take a significant amount of time.     2     Look over the areas that you are having trouble fitting into your life. Is there a way to engage in a small part daily or weekly? Maybe instead of 90 minutes of yoga, you can do a few poses in the morning or stretch during work break.

    3     A good friend of mine often sets up calls with me while she is taking her daily walks. She still gets her exercise and her time outside, and we also get to connect. Doing housework as a family can help parents have valued family time while still keeping their homes running smoothly.

As we know, life is messy and ever-changing. It’s also important to pay attention while we are doing the actions that matter to us. It can be easy to think of the areas we aren’t engaged in.     4     Bringing mindfulness to our actions makes them more rewarding.

One more thing that needs to be added is the fact that no matter how much attention we bring to balancing our lives, we will unavoidably fall out of balance again.     5     Please be gentle with ourselves. And it may be helpful to think of the saying, “Fall down seven times; get up eight.”

A．Don’t take it too much to heart

B．We may put meaningful actions together.

C．However, we don’t notice what we are doing.

D．Balancing our lives requires planning and action.

E．I often underestimate how long it takes me to do a task.

F．Hence, I can do what matters to me across many areas of my life.

G．Even small numbers of values-based actions can be meaningful, though.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In November 2023, China launched a three-year action plan to promote the use of bamboo as a replacement     1     plastic. Actually, I’ve been using bamboo products more often over the years.

The look and feel of bamboo are absolutely above and beyond plastic,     2     there must be more positive aspects to bamboo other than just aesthetics (美学). When compared to    3     (healthy) plastic, bamboo is a highly renewable, natural material that is biodegradable (可生物降解的) and     4     (become) the “green gold” of modern times in recent years because it has so many good qualities.     5     (live) in a time when most of our homes are filled with plastic, I think it’s time     6     (wake) up to the green alternative and realize     7     (it) full potential as a planet protector.

This super-powered plant is actually a grass and looks like a weed in terms of     8     quickly it can grow and where it can live. The production costs of bamboo are     9     (extreme) low due to the easy availability of this material, and it requires almost zero adjustment when people produce bamboo products. From household objects to decorative settings, the quantity of uses bamboo has     10     (go) beyond our wildest dreams and I’d love to see it becoming more popular as time goes on.

10 . World’s Best Spicy Foods

When it comes to the world’s best spicy dishes, we have some of the world’s hottest peppers to thank. The following spicy dishes from around the world bring the heat in the most delicious way.

Piri piri chicken, Mozambique

The Portuguese introduced this spicy dish into Mozambique as far back as the 15th century, when they mixed African peppers with European ingredients. And it’s the red pepper that brings the spiciness to this complex, layered and delicious dish. The dish is also popular in Namibia and South Africa.

Sichuan hot pot, China

The joy of this dish is not only the delightful warming ingredients of the Sichuan peppercorns, but the fact that you can cook exactly what you like in the spicy soup. Duck, seafood, chicken, pork, lamb and seasonal vegetables are all fair game for throwing into the pot to boil in a soup made with Sichuan peppercorns and dried Sichuan peppers.

Som tam, Thailand

From northeastern Thailand, this fresh and spicy salad is a main dish at Thai restaurants around the world. Som tam turns to green papaya(木瓜) for its main ingredient. The papaya is then put with long beans or green beans and a mix of flavorful Asian essentials that include dried shrimp(虾) and fish sauce among other ingredients. Thai peppers give the salad its necessary kick.

Aguachile, Mexico

This raw marinated(腌制) shrimp dish from the western Mexico tastes as good as it looks. Tiny but powerful peppers, grown throughout Mexico, make the spicy magic happen in the aguachile, which means “pepper water” . Marinate the raw shrimp with ingredients including lime(酸橙) juice, red onion and cucumber and enjoy with fried corn pancakes.

1. How does piri piri chicken differ from the other three foods?

A．It goes with vegetables.	B．It uses a variety of ingredients.
C．It is flavored with red peppers.	D．It originated in another country.

2. Which dish gives you the freedom to choose the main ingredients?

A．Piri piri chicken, Mozambique.	B．Sichuan hot pot, China.
C．Som tam, Thailand.	D．Aguachile, Mexico.

3. What do som tam and aguachile have in common?

A．They are raw foods.	B．They have a long history.
C．They are served with pancakes.	D．Shrimp is their main ingredient.