1 . While many high-achieving students will spend their summers volunteering, working part-time jobs, or interning (实习), another great opportunity available to high schoolers is summer programs.

Experiences in Architecture
Dates: July 7 — 11
Location: University of Chicago

This workshop is perfect for high school students in architecture and design. In order to prepare them for a career in architecture, the two-week program promises to provide the study of the discipline at the college level while introducing them to life on a college campus.

Immersion (沉浸) into ASL
Dates: June 15 — 22 (overnight); June 24 — 29 (day camp)
Location: Gallaudet University

This program is designed for students who are either beginning or intermediate (中级的) signers and want to become more fluent. Participants will work with advanced ASL (American Sign Language) instructors and their assistants who are similarly deaf or hard of hearing, learn about deaf culture and history, and explore the nation’s capital. Students may participate in a residential or day camp program.

Conway School of Nursing
Dates: July 15 — 19
Location: George Washington University

This one-week program hopes to introduce students to careers in nursing. Taught by the nursing teachers and aided by upper-class nursing students, participants will learn about the moral values guiding the work.

High School Drama Institute
Dates: July 8 — 26
Location: Columbia University

Though this intensive three-week program is super-selective and a limited number of students are chosen to participate, it is a perfect fit for students with a passion for the performing arts. Participants develop acting skills focusing on voice, movement, and gesture, strengthen their dancing and singing skills, and learn what it takes to prepare for college auditions (试演).

1. What will Experiences in Architecture offer to participants?

A．Interning positions.	B．Pre-college courses.
C．A career in design.	D．On-campus tours.

2. Who might help with Immersion into ASL?

A．Experienced teacher assistants.	B．Residential ASL programmers.
C．Staff members with hearing problems.	D．Starters and Intermediate ASL learners.

3. Which of the following might be hard to attend?

A．Experiences in Architecture.	B．Immersion into ASL.
C．Conway School of Nursing.	D．High School Drama Institute.

2 . Generations of parents have told their children to practice their musical instruments. They have good reason for it: learning an instrument is not only associated with better educational attainment but also cognition (认知) and even intelligence scores in children. But does this musicality translate to better cognition (thinking) later in life?

A recent study showed that musical people had better memory and executive (决策的) function than those with less or no musicality. This makes sense as continued engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, such as playing an instrument, should result in continued brain health benefits.

Singing is a very popular musical activity as it allows joining musical groups, such as choirs. But does singing provide the same cognitive benefit as playing an instrument? According to the study, singing can result in better executive function but not memory, suggesting that playing an instrument has additional brain health benefits. However, when singing is done in choirs, there is good evidence that being engaged in social activity is good for our brain health.

Many people might remember the famous “Mozart Effect”, which was based on a 1993 study showing that when students were played Mozart, they scored higher on intelligence tests. Sadly, the current study found having played the recorder for three years at primary school might not have that big an impact on our cognitive performance. So, passively listening to music doesn’t seem to provide any cognitive benefits.

Playing an instrument or singing seems to have benefits to our brain health in aging, according to the study. What is yet to be established is whether this would also help prevent future cognitive decline or dementia. Still, considering the overall cognitive and social benefits of learning an instrument or singing in a choir, it might be worth engaging in such cognitive stimulation as we age. Our parents would be proud of us.

1. Why do parents intend their kids to play an instrument?

A．They suppose it can broaden the kids’ horizons.

B．They design the kids to be musicians in the future.

C．They expect to equip the kids with critical thinking.

D．They think it can improve the kids’ study and thinking.

2. Where could singing differ from playing an instrument?

A．It has better memories.	B．It has social benefits.
C．It requires more energy.	D．It shapes brain development.

3. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning Mozart Effect?

A．To show cognition relies on active engagement.

B．To display the real role that music plays in study.

C．To list similarities between music and study.

D．To demonstrate how to play a recorder properly.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．Why Do People Prefer Singing?	B．What Musicals Can Do for You
C．How Music Boosts Your Brain	D．Where Shall We Find Musicality?