1 . Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to strengthen themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids (类固醇) to growth hormones with which to_________their bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are_________, and those athletes must therefore face the challenges of anti-doping (反兴奋剂) agencies.

The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have_________dramatically as a result. The tests, however, are not entirely_________. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism by Jenny Jakobsson Schulze and her colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggests that an individual’s genetic make-up could_________the tests in two different ways. One genotype, may allow athletes who use anabolic steroids to escape detection altogether. Another may actually be convicting (给……定罪) the innocent.

The test employed for testosterone (睾酮素) abuse usually relies on measuring the_________of two chemicals found in the urine (尿液): TG. and EG.. Any ratio above four of the former to the latter is considered_________and leads to more tests. However, the production of TG is controlled by a gene called UGT2B17. This gene comes in two varieties, one of which has a part missing and therefore does not work properly. A person may thus have none, one or two working copies of UGT2B17, since he inherits one copy from each parent. Dr. Schulze_________that different numbers of working copies would produce different test results. She therefore gave healthy male volunteers whose genes had been examined a single 360mg shot of testosterone — the standard dose for legal medical use — and checked their urine to see whether the shot could be_________.

The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test.____________, 14% of those with two functional copies of the gene were over the detection threshold (门槛) before they had even received an injection. The researchers estimate this would give a ____________rate of 9% in a random population of young men.

Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial____________variation in UGT2B17 genotypes. Two-thirds of Asians have no functional copies of the gene which means they have a naturally____________ratio of TG to EG, compared with under a tenth of Caucasians (白种人) — something the anti-doping bodies may wish to take into account.

In the meantime, Dr. Schulz’s study does seem to offer innocents a way of____________themselves. Athletes who will travel to Paris for the Olympic games may be wise to travel armed not only with courage and the “spirit of Olympianism”, but also with a copy of their____________, just in case.

1.

A．disrupt

B．enliven

C．stretch

D．track

2.

A．broken down

B．torn apart

C．disapproved of

D．stocked up

3.

A．fallen

B．needed

C．recorded

D．secured

4.

A．scarce

B．reliable

C．convenient

D．universal

5.

A．verify

B．guard

C．evade

D．beat

6.

A．ratio

B．make-up

C．bulk

D．trace

7.

A．innocent

B．stubborn

C．outweighed

D．suspicious

8.

A．hypothesized

B．imposed

C．confirmed

D．explained

9.

A．signified

B．detected

C．mined

D．released

10.

A．In turn

B．Or rather

C．On the contrary

D．By contrast

11.

A．mass-testing

B．false-positive

C．anti-doping

D．drug-taking

12.

A．gender

B．behavioral

C．ethnic

D．indigenous

13.

A．low

B．stable

C．high

D．identical

14.

A．educating

B．concealing

C．defending

D．examining

15.

A．birth certificate

B．genetic profile

C．reference letter

D．medical report

2 . It was an evening when my parents and I ventured across Nemeiben Lake, in Northern Saskatchewan. This _______ lake, which expanded 26 miles across, had a reputation as being the best fishing and tourist resort in the province.

The sun was _______ behind the dark rolling _______ and we set off. Soon the lake seemed to be deserted _______ the sky began to darken, looking much _______ in the darkness, which made me feel a little nervous.

And then suddenly the boat _______ something with such force that we all fell _______ in our seats. My father went to the back and found the water was now _______ in at a very fast rate.

The overloaded boat was now deep in water. The _______ was now to come. With our life jackets ________ , we waited as the boat sank deeper into the water. The biting cold was more terrifying than anyone could have ________ .

A strong wind blew ________ the lake and the strong waves carried us off into the night. I knew that ________ was near. Then suddenly, something quite ________ happened. A shadow appeared up ahead. I blinked in   ________ . A beautiful large diving-bird landed only feet from my grasp. It stayed calmly by my side and all of a sudden I didn’t feel ________ any more. Deep in my heart, I knew everything would be ________ .

When a fisherman found us the following ________ , our body temperatures were only twenty-four degrees after we had been in the water for 13 hours.

As I lay in the hospital bed ________ , I thanked God for all his mercy and for the guardian angel that ________ me. Anyway, that was an unforgettable experience.

1.

A．tiny

B．little

C．vast

D．shallow

2.

A．falling

B．rising

C．shining

D．setting

3.

A．trees

B．clouds

C．mountain

D．rain

4.

A．after

B．as

C．before

D．if

5.

A．threatening

B．interesting

C．charming

D．encouraging

6.

A．touched

B．beat

C．hit

D．struck

7.

A．over

B．away

C．back

D．off

8.

A．entering

B．dropping

C．rushing

D．rolling

9.

A．luckiest

B．better

C．best

D．worst

10.

A．removed

B．fastened

C．spread

D．locked

11.

A．imagined

B．produced

C．created

D．made

12.

A．into

B．through

C．up

D．across

13.

A．daylight

B．death

C．island

D．hope

14.

A．usual

B．normal

C．common

D．extraordinary

15.

A．anger

B．despair

C．amazement

D．sorrow

16.

A．sick

B．happy

C．lonely

D．hungry

17.

A．okay

B．true

C．false

D．right

18.

A．night

B．afternoon

C．morning

D．evening

19.

A．disappointing

B．recovering

C．disappearing

D．discouraging

20.

A．gazed at

B．looked at

C．listened to

D．watched over

3 . It was a normal morning in March. Sondra Artis had just _______ the last student on her route.

As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell. She _______ the bus window to see if it was fogging up from condensation（凝结）or if it was _______ . When a student asked her what was _______ , she did her best to hide her growing _______ .

Sondra pulled into a parking lot and turned to face the 20 students on _______ . She reminded them of the evacuation（疏散） _______ they once performed and directed them to leave through the doors.

“I told the kids that, ‘You know, we _______ at the beginning of the year, but this is going to be _______ , so I need you to be calm,’” said Sondra.

The students hurried to the ________ as smoke began to fill the bus. They were ________ , but Sondra remained calm. When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ________ .

Seconds after they all ________ , the bus caught fire. Another bus came to the ________ to take the children away, and Sondra was left ________ that everything worked out okay.

The bus can be ________ , but human life cannot. The parents were incredibly ________ for her grace under fire. She's being considered as a ________ , and many of her students would like to see her ________ for her heroism.

“Sondra is a very good bus driver，”said a student. “She ________ a reward.”

1.

A．sent away

B．turned down

C．seen off

D．picked up

2.

A．repaired

B．wiped

C．tapped

D．opened

3.

A．steam

B．smoke

C．fog

D．dust

4.

A．wrong

B．lucky

C．necessary

D．urgent

5.

A．anger

B．curiosity

C．embarrassment

D．worry

6.

A．duty

B．guard

C．board

D．vacation

7.

A．advantages

B．drills

C．signals

D．secrets

8.

A．met

B．separated

C．promised

D．practiced

9.

A．early

B．amazing

C．real

D．new

10.

A．exits

B．teacher

C．windows

D．lifesaver

11.

A．excited

B．tired

C．scared

D．optimistic

12.

A．hurriedly

B．safely

C．firstly

D．actively

13.

A．hid

B．landed

C．sat

D．escaped

14.

A．scene

B．school

C．park

D．destination

15.

A．searching

B．studying

C．thanking

D．counting

16.

A．replaced

B．exchanged

C．burnt

D．controlled

17.

A．eager

B．famous

C．grateful

D．qualified

18.

A．student

B．leader

C．driver

D．hero

19.

A．rewarded

B．excused

C．apologized

D．forgiven

20.

A．offers

B．deserves

C．demands

D．establishes

4 . The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was invented by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers. It is a self-report questionnaire indicating differing psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. The MBTI personality inventory (量表) sorts people into 16 type categories, each of which is represented by four-letter codes such as INFP and ESTJ. Every year, about 1.5 million people have enjoyed discovering their personality type by completing the MBTI. Many companies, as well as hundreds of universities, use it in hiring and training.

Nevertheless, the MBTI has received a noticeable criticism from the academic community. Some research suggests the MBTI is unreliable because the same person can get different results when retaking the test. Other studies have questioned the validity of the MBTI, which is the ability of the test to accurately link the “types” to outcomes in the real world -for example, how well people classified as a certain type will perform in a given job.

Merve Emre, a professor a Oxford University, points out that it would be more scientifically advisable to score the MBTI scales continuously to show people the degree to which they resemble the types. Even when the MBTI’s results don’t quite match your intuition (直觉) about yourself or are just wrong, they can still provide self-insight and insight into differences and similarities between people.

Scoring and interpreting the MBTI the way other personality inventories are scored and interpreted might be less fun than finding. All of the folklore (民间看法) about INFPs, ESTJs, etc. would have to be dismissed. But, in the end the MBTI is sufficiently reliable and valid enough to be useful in a number of real-world contexts.

1. What do we know about the MBTI from the first paragraph?

A．It is a personality-testing tool.	B．It is divided into 16 categories.
C．It is a study of personal preference.	D．It is a questionnaire on four-letter codes.

2. Why does the MBTI invite criticism?

A．It performs badly in job interviews	B．Its reliability has been questioned.
C．It requires people to retake the test	D．Its advantages are not fully shown.

3. What does Merve Emre think of the MBTI?

A．It is beyond criticism.	B．It is a more scientific test.
C．It is less fun than other tests.	D．It is useful for self-exploration.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．How Can We Use the MBTI?	B．Why do We Criticise the MBTI?
C．Is the MBTI Totally Meaningless?	D．Is Scoring the MBTI Really Necessary?

5 . Terrie Mitchell, 34, from Sheffield, received an unexpected present when she was finally reunited with her beloved cat — 11 years after she first went missing. Chloe, who only has one eye, was discovered living in an overturned wheelie bin just a few streets away from where she was last seen.

Chloe was first brought into her family home as a kitten, when Ms. Mitchell was aged 21 and still living at home with her mum, Jean. When she moved out with her partner, she let the long­haired black cat stay in the house she was used to. But when Ms. Mitchell’s mother died unexpectedly at the age of 60, Chloe disappeared and could not be found anywhere.

Despite searching for her, she all but gave up hope of ever seeing her cat again until she spotted a Facebook post featuring the long­haired cat. Postwoman Andrea Hurst had been delivering a parcel to an elderly lady, when she spotted the cat living in the wheelie bin. On her next round, she asked about the cat and was told she had been staying there for more than six years as the woman had been feeding her. The kindly woman asked a local cat shelter to collect Chloe, before using the social media site to locate the original owners. She wrote, “This is probably a long shot,but does anyone recognize this beautiful cat?”

Ms. Mitchell noticed the post by chance and commented, “Omg, this is my cat!!!!! I can’t stop shaking!!!!! Her name is Chloe!!! Please whoever knows contact me...”

The vet, who confirmed Chloe was more than 10 years old, told her owner it was nothing short of a miracle. Today Chloe is settling in well at her new home and even responds to her original name. Her delighted owner added, “Now I feel guilty that I didn’t search for her better, because she was obviously around. It could give hope to people who haven’t seen their pets for years.”

1. What do we know about Chloe from the first two paragraphs?

A．She is a short­haired cat with only one eye.

B．She disappeared before Mitchell’s mother died.

C．She stayed in Jean’s house before she disappeared.

D．She was discovered in a wheelie bin far from Mitchell's house.

2. Who helped reunite the pair?

A．Jean.

B．An unknown person.

C．The vet.

D．Andrea Hurst.

3. Which of the following words can best describe Mitchell’s feeling when she saw the post?

A．Amazed.

B．Worried.

C．Hopeless.

D．Guilty.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．The Best Gift	B．A Kind Woman
C．An Unexpected Reunion	D．A Missing Cat

6 . Ever since 3 years old, Peyton has always longed for a pug (哈巴狗). As much as Peyton’s parents wanted to get him one at the time, he wasn’t _________ . He had been diagnosed with autism (自闭症), which he needed to adjust to before taking on even more _________ .

Since then, Peyton has worked hard and has shown great _________ both at school and home. That’s why, after seven years, his parents decided it was finally _________ to get him the pug he always wanted! But rather than telling him the news _________ , they got the pup while he was at school and planned the perfect pug _________ .

When Peyton got home, he was _________ that the family dog had caught a bunny (兔子) and that they needed his help to _________ it. Since this type of thing is pretty common for them, he didn’t _________ anything as he prepared to catch the “ bunny ” his mom had ____________ under a cardboard box. But as soon as the box was ____________ , it took no time for Peyton to burst into tears of ____________ — that was the pug that he has always wanted.

What an unforgettable experience for this ____________ boy! He couldn’t be more ____________ for his parents’ kindness. The parents ____________ the hardworking boy in the very best way and hoped that Peyton could get a new life. Hats off to this thoughtful parents!

1.

A．weak

B．ready

C．afraid

D．young

2.

A．principle

B．education

C．resolution

D．responsibility

3.

A．contribution

B．influence

C．improvement

D．passion

4.

A．time

B．turn

C．chance

D．pleasure

5.

A．quickly

B．directly

C．clearly

D．loudly

6.

A．hunt

B．hide

C．rescue

D．reveal

7.

A．told

B．warned

C．reminded

D．convinced

8.

A．guard

B．free

C．cook

D．examine

9.

A．recognize

B．realize

C．suspect

D．understand

10.

A．trapped

B．discovered

C．raised

D．saved

11.

A．repaired

B．replaced

C．lifted

D．broken

12.

A．sympathy

B．depression

C．guilt

D．joy

13.

A．honest

B．brave

C．smart

D．sweet

14.

A．grateful

B．hopeful

C．sorrowful

D．helpful

15.

A．comforted

B．surprised

C．confused

D．discouraged

7 . Last summer, with my neck tight from too much time at the computer, I knew I needed to _________ into the woods. My husband wasn’t _________, but I really wanted to see the Perseids meteor shower (英仙座流星雨). I decided to go _________ on my own, which I’d never done before.

After throwing the sleeping bag and a few things to eat into the _________, I was on my way. I was a little _________ about being alone at first but put that feeling aside for the time being as I drove to my destination. Once I reached the camping _________, I asked the young attendant if she thought I’d be all right camping alone.

“Sure,” she said. I’m not sure what I expected her to say, but her answer was somewhat reassuring. I heard thunder. Not a great start to my _________. The one thing I don’t like is camping in the rain. By the time I reached my campsite, it was _________. Once the rain stopped, I found a spot for the _________. Putting it up turned out to be a straightforward process. This wouldn’t be so bad I thought.

After supper, I got the fire started easily. Looking up, I couldn’t see much of the sky __________ the trees. Once I zipped (拉上拉链) myself into the tent, I realized how much room there was. I loved that I could spread out and throw my clothes all over with no one to __________ about the mess. Solo camping __________ has its benefits.

Falling asleep quickly, I was awakened a few hours later by some __________. It sounded too large and loud to be a squirrel (松鼠) or a chipmunk (花栗鼠). __________, after a few minutes, it stopped, but I was __________ the rest of the night.

I didn’t think it was a good idea to __________ and look at the stars after all. As I lay there, I heard wolves in the distance and an owl (猫头鹰) calling. I was somewhat glad I was __________ to hear this little slice of nature.

The next morning, my neighbors talked about how a bear had visited in the night and knocked over some of their chairs and a small table. Fortunately, the bear hadn’t done any more __________ than that.

While I was disappointed at not seeing the shooting __________, I’m now a lot more __________ about camping by myself. Bear or no bear.

1.

A．take in

B．go over

C．take apart

D．go off

2.

A．available

B．brilliant

C．competent

D．desperate

3.

A．swimming

B．camping

C．hiking

D．jumping

4.

A．canteen

B．car

C．fridge

D．bag

5.

A．frustrating

B．firm

C．nervous

D．ideal

6.

A．mall

B．shore

C．surrounding

D．spot

7.

A．setting

B．scenery

C．adventure

D．insight

8.

A．pouring

B．casting

C．decreasing

D．dropping

9.

A．tent

B．stuff

C．angle

D．border

10.

A．in

B．through

C．across

D．beneath

11.

A．yield

B．devote

C．complain

D．advocate

12.

A．luckily

B．potentially

C．efficiently

D．certainly

13.

A．tones

B．noises

C．roots

D．voices

14.

A．Sadly

B．Mostly

C．Unfortunately

D．Thankfully

15.

A．blessed

B．terrified

C．amazed

D．ashamed

16.

A．go out

B．run out

C．go through

D．run off

17.

A．active

B．asleep

C．awake

D．alone

18.

A．incident

B．barrier

C．favour

D．damage

19.

A．stars

B．skies

C．steam

D．branches

20.

A．amused

B．rewarding

C．confident

D．reliable

8 . Ten years ago when I was diagnosed with a serious illness, my first thought was, “Why me?” And this thought _______ me throughout my journey. It wasn’t until I was _______ enough to look back that I realized how much of my life was _______ by my illness not in a bad way.

Being _______ for our past experiences and _______ can be a hard thing to do. We sometimes wish events in our past could be _______ so we could start a new life. But without these events, we wouldn’t learn, change and grow.

The day I _______ this was volunteering with my boyfriend. A friend’s wife came up to me and asked me how school was, _______ I said I didn’t like it that much. She then _______ by saying, “Well, if you hadn’t gone, you wouldn’t have met him.” and pointed at my ________.

This really opened my eyes, and after I left I started seeing everything in my life in this ________. If I hadn’t gone to that school, I would never have met my future husband. If I hadn’t battled ________ the illness, I wouldn’t have found my true ________. At first I didn’t see how my illness could have ever been a blessing. But when I looked at it as an experience for me, I started to see that I had a lot to be thankful for.

I grew closer to my mother while ________. I gained knowledge about myself that I could ________ gain through struggle, and learned how to take care of my wants and needs in a way that made me happy.

1.

A．occupied

B．followed

C．delivered

D．stopped

2.

A．well

B．happy

C．sad

D．ill

3.

A．widened

B．shot

C．shaped

D．united

4.

A．mindful

B．thankful

C．hopeful

D．cheerful

5.

A．stories

B．replies

C．rewards

D．struggles

6.

A．swallowed

B．caught

C．swept

D．taught

7.

A．remembered

B．reminded

C．removed

D．realized

8.

A．but

B．and

C．yet

D．then

9.

A．responded

B．collected

C．corrected

D．lectured

10.

A．boyfriend

B．girlfriend

C．husband

D．teacher

11.

A．way

B．means

C．appearance

D．face

12.

A．through

B．for

C．within

D．against

13.

A．hope

B．self

C．relief

D．friend

14.

A．living

B．losing

C．recovering

D．searching

15.

A．never

B．already

C．only

D．also

9 . While pedaling hard on a bike, do you feel like you are saving the planet? Or do you just feel out of breath? In fact, cycling is now considered one of the ultimate weapons humanity can use in the fight against climate change.

The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. The resolution calls on member states to “integrate the bicycle into public transportation, in urban and rural settings in developing and developed countries”, with all 193 members of the UN unanimously (一致同意地) adopting the resolution.

This decision has received a positive response from numerous groups in support of cycling and environmental awareness internationally. “It is an important step toward the recognition of cycling as an important mode of transport,” said the European Cyclists’ Federation.

The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the center of global attention. On Feb 28, the UN published a new report assessing recent climate change trends. The report warns that the global average temperature will rise by 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900), with more than 40 percent of the world’s population being “highly vulnerable” to these temperature changes.

In May 2020, bike sales in Spain increased 22-fold (22倍) compared with 2019. In London, large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can walk and cycle safely. Cities like Berlin and Montreal have also added new, wider bike lanes.

More importantly, the resolution focuses on bike-sharing services, which could be seen as recognition of China’s bike-sharing success, noted CGTN.

China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world. The country has more than 360 cities with dockless (无桩的) bike-sharing systems, with nearly 20 million bicycles for an average 47 million trips each day, according to China’s Ministry of Transport. This transportation option that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere by 4.8 million tons every year, according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute.

1. According to the first paragraph, when cycling you may feel________ .

A．relaxed

B．proud

C．anxious

D．nervous

2. Why has the resolution received a positive response?

A．Because it is an only tool to cope with climb changes.

B．Because it can be used in urban and rural settings in all countries.

C．Because it has been agreed with by all 193 members of the UN.

D．Because most people support cycling and environmental awareness.

3. The purpose that the author mentioned China in the last paragraph is_____.

A．To show China has succeeded in bike-sharing services.

B．To indicate China has the most bikes in the world.

C．To call for the world to learn from China.

D．To suggest that China has developed quickly.

4. How many tons CO₂ can be stopped into the atmosphere every two years?

A．20 million tons.	B．9.6 million tons.
C．4.8 million tons.	D．24.8 million tons.

10 . 英语中有条谚语，“Friends are lost by calling often and calling seldom”（交往过密过疏，都会失去朋友）。请结合自身的经历阐述你的理解。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
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