1 . Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche (心理), the research finds that personality traits (特征) are "contagious" (传染的) among children. "Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed," said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study.

The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.

The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person "like a disease". The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.

The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social "climate" in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.

Dr. Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem.

1. What does the underlined part "flies in the face of" in Paragraph1mean?

A．Leads to.	B．Results from.
C．Goes against.	D．Agrees with.

2. According to Paragraph 2, who have the greatest impact on children's personality?

A．Their parents.	B．Their friends.
C．The researchers.	D．The psychologists.

3. Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace?

A．Ignoring the faults of co-workers.

B．Not sending emails to workmates.

C．Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.

D．Not inviting a colleague to a company party.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．One's personality is hard to change.

B．One's personality is shaped by genes.

C．One's personality traits can spread to others.

D．One's personality traits can change overnight.

5. This passage is most probably taken from ________.

A．a science report	B．a study guide
C．a school textbook	D．a technical journal

2 . Standing in front of the bike shop, Dave stared at the shiny red bicycle in the window. He could _______ himself riding the bike in Saturday's race and winning the first-place medal and prize money. "With that bike, I could even _______ Adam," Dave thought.

He rode on and stopped at Peck's clothing store. The coat he _______ to buy his mother for her birthday was still on sale. Dave knew she would _______ buy it for herself. She worked hard just to make _______ meet. But the prize money would be _______ for him to buy that coat and surprise her.

Dave looked at his old bike. Two years ago, he found some old bicycles at the _______ and used the parts to make one bike. He called it his recycled bike. "I'll never _______ the race on this old bike," Dave sighed.

As Dave passed the junkyard, he noticed a newer-looking bike tire. He started _______ the huge junk pile. Finally, he found __________ he was looking for. "These two tires and the handgrips (自行车把套) are just __________ for my bike."

Arriving home, Dave put the used tires and the handgrips on his __________ bike, and oiled the chain. He stood back and admired the __________ he had made. "I might win that race after all," he said to himself.

The next morning, when Dave and his mom got to the park, about thirty kids had already __________ . Dave headed for the start line __________ Mom found a seat at the finish line.

Bang! The riders rushed off. Dave __________ Adam, who was in the lead. He __________ to pass one rider after another and was approaching Adam. Leaning forward, Dave pedaled harder and faster. __________ he sped by Adam and crossed the finish line.

As the announcer awarded Dave the __________ and the check for fifty dollars, he asked, "What are you going to do with the prize money, Dave?"

"It's a __________ ," Dave said and waved to his mom.

1.

A．find

B．picture

C．keep

D．watch

2.

A．beat

B．join

C．help

D．rescue

3.

A．agreed

B．claimed

C．demanded

D．planned

4.

A．probably

B．definitely

C．never

D．seldom

5.

A．ends

B．eyes

C．roads

D．rules

6.

A．hard

B．reliable

C．enough

D．tight

7.

A．park

B．junkyard

C．school

D．court

8.

A．enter

B．lose

C．abandon

D．win

9.

A．going through

B．carrying out

C．throwing away

D．taking back

10.

A．that

B．which

C．what

D．whom

11.

A．right

B．unique

C．simple

D．advanced

12.

A．hired

B．used

C．purchased

D．recycled

13.

A．contributions

B．changes

C．profits

D．discoveries

14.

A．started

B．separated

C．gathered

D．recovered

15.

A．while

B．but

C．so

D．or

16.

A．held back

B．gave in to

C．concentrated on

D．broke away from

17.

A．prepared

B．arranged

C．offered

D．managed

18.

A．Suddenly

B．Eventually

C．Recently

D．Usually

19.

A．coat

B．degree

C．bicycle

D．medal

20.

A．coincidence

B．promise

C．surprise

D．message

3 . I still have a few sweet memories of my childhood; ________, I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.

A．in turn

B．by chance

C．in particular

D．by contrast