1 . 尽管这个项目要求高、时间紧，但值得称赞的是，他克服了种种困难，完美地完成了所有任务。(schedule, credit) (汉译英)

2 . Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can be used only once. There are three more phrases than you need.

to an extent；hang on；take cover；pass (oneself/something) off as take over；resort to；a handful of；be tempted to

1. The Red Typhoon Signal is a warning to ______, under metal or sod roof structures, out of the wind.
2. Internationalization of production has been developed ______ of a higher and deeper level.
3. The drink was packaged in champagne bottles and ______ the real stuff.
4. Every 10 years or so, it seems ______ new looks endure long enough to become accepted a the uniform of a generation.
5. Despite ______ keep the money to pay for bills, Mr. Carnarvon sought out the children of the home’s previous owner, who had died, and gave them the money.

3 . When Barry finished building Highclere in 1842, the castle had more than 50 rooms, including one room with ______ ______ ______! But this room was only used ______ ______ ______. Today, Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain, worth more than 150 million pounds. (根据句意填空)

4 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. celebrated       B. ideals       C. currently       D. enlarged E. formerly       F. incomparable       G. laid       H. referred I. restored       J. scale        K. seat

If you only had an afternoon to experience London on a grand     1    , the Houses of Parliament, also called Palace of Westminster would be a wise place to start. The     2     of the bicameral (两院制的) Parliament including the House of Commons and the House of Lords, is located on the left bank of the River Thames in the borough of Westminster, London.

A royal palace was said to have existed at the site under the Danish king of England Canute. The building, however, spoken of by William Fitzstephen as a(n) “    3     structure,” was built for Edward the Confessor in the 11th century and     4     by William I (the Conqueror). In 1512 the palace suffered greatly from fire and thereafter ceased to be used as a royal residence. A fire in 1834 destroyed the whole palace except the historic Westminster Hall, the Jewel Tower, the cloisters, and the crypt of St. Stephen’s Chapel.

Sir Charles Barry, assisted by A.W.N. Pugin, designed the present buildings in the Gothic Revival style. Construction was begun in 1837, the cornerstone was     5     in 1840, and work was finished in 1860. The Commons Chamber was burned out in one of the numerous air raids that targeted London during World War II, but it was     6     and reopened in 1950. The House of Lords is an ornate chamber 97 feet in length; the Commons is 70 feet long. The southwestern Victoria Tower is 336 feet high. The Elizabeth Tower,     7     St. Stephen’s Tower, about 320 feet in height, contains the famous tower clock Big Ben. Along with Westminster Abbey and St, Margaret’s Church, the Houses of Parliament were named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987, as symbols of spiritual and democratic     8    .

The Palace is one of the centers of political life in the United Kingdom; “Westminster” has become a metaphor for the UK Parliament and the British Government. The Elizabeth Tower, in particular, often     9     to by the name of its main bell, Big Ben, has become an iconic landmark of London and of the United Kingdom in general, one of the most     10     tourist attractions in the city, and a symbol of parliamentary democracy.

5 . Never in the history of Irish schools rugby has there been such a scene ______ was witnessed in Musgrave Park yesterday when the Clayton Hotels Munster Junior Cup tie between Presentation Brothers College and St Munchin’s College was hit by 3 serious injuries.

A．as

B．that

C．which

D．who

6 . Health officials warn that easing measures too quickly ______ a W-shaped recovery, ______ a resurgence of cases causes a second economic decline soon after the first.

A．is risked; which

B．will risk; which

C．risks; where

D．risked; where

7 . By April 24, it was reported that more than 589,000 Koreans ______ in large walk through facilities that delivered quick results.

A．would test

B．were tested

C．tested

D．had been tested

8 . How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year’s rise, an average of 2.7 percent, may be a little bit lower than last year’s, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation(通货膨胀).

Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincolnshire have to subsidise(补贴)the daily commute(通勤)of a rail traveller from Surrey? Equally, there is a sense that the sufferings of commuters in the South East, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.

However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators boasting about the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.

The Government has promised to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain’s railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, along with regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalisation may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a revenge if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.

1. The author holds that this year’s increase in rail passengers fares ________.

A．creates extra burden on taxpayers.

B．has kept pace with inflation.

C．is beyond the expectation of commuters

D．remains an unreasonable practice.

2. According to the passage, which of the following is right?

A．Compensations are to be given to the commuters affected by the strikes.

B．A minimum service requirement will be likely to settle the railway problems.

C．In terms of service, there is a conflict between train operator’s claim and the reality.

D．Train operators have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes.

3. If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to face ________.

A．the loss of investment.	B．the collapse of operations.
C．a reduction of revenue(收入)	D．a change of ownership.

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Who Are to Blame for the Ever-rising Fares?

B．Rail Strikes Need to Be Stopped

C．Enhance Railway Service, Ease Passenger Anger

D．Ever-rising Fares Are Unreasonable

9 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. politely B. deserving   C. strengthened     D. hospitalization   E. cases F. under-resourced G. unsurprising H. possibly   I. reaching     J. readopted     K. unsustainable

Too many people believe that the pandemic is over, England’s deputy chief medical officer, Prof Jonathan Van-Tam, warned this week: far from it. Europe is at its centre again, WHO has said, urging governments to continue with public health measures. But though Sajid Javid, England’s health secretary, predicted last month that     1     here could hit 100,000 a day, he remains unwilling to take action — even as the latest Real-time Assessment of Community Transmission (React) findings, for late October, show that about one in 58 people is tested positive — more than double September’s levels.

The indifference of Mr Javid and his boss, Boris Johnson, is     2    , given the government’s record. (Last month’s news report on its response stressed that it had “lacked speed in making timely decisions”: if put less     3    , it was far too late, far too often). But their attitude is doubtlessly     4     by a drop in recorded cases over the past week. Some experts think the drop may have to do with the growing immunity caused by high infection rates.

While vaccines (疫苗) (and now treatments) are decreasing     5     rates, current infection levels and breakthrough cases remind us that vaccines do not stop people from catching or spreading Covid, and reduce but do not eliminate the possibility of serious health problems such as long Covid.

The government is counting on boosters (疫苗加强剂), though it says its “plan B” — forced masking, vaccine passports and encouragement to work from home — will be introduced if the pressure on the National Health Service (NHS) is     6    . The British Medical Association believe that point arrived weeks ago. Queues of ambulances are the most visible indication of the pressures. The NHS went into the pandemic     7     and, more obviously at the current stage, short-staffed. The overall impact has been exhausting. Any further increase in Covid patients, already     8     more than 9,500, would greatly weaken the ability to deal with the huge backlog (积压的工作).

Why take that risk? Forced masking on public transport and in places such as supermarkets must be     9    . The government should introduce Covid passports for crowded venues. Third doses (针剂) must be made more accessible. Adopting these minimal measures now would save lives and protect the NHS,     10     preventing the need for more drastic action later.

10 . The Delight of Bird-watching

It is springtime, and the city feels especially glorious. If we were to reflect on what has brought us joy during this challenging time, birds would probably be enjoying a top ________ on the happy list for many. Especially those we saw outside of our windows - or, in New York City, on the street.

Three species in particular ________ the sidewalks, tops of buildings, fire escapes, window ledges, and air conditioners: house sparrows, pigeons and starlings (椋鸟). All of these species are ________. When these species were first introduced, the scientific fields of ecology (生态学) and conservation were ________ nonexistent, and now we know that for pest control (虫害防治), this was a terrible idea. But I would add a qualifier to that terrible idea by calling it “a wonderful, awful” idea.

I have been studying starlings in New York City since 2016. I do so formally in museums and labs, but in between my research I watch them ________ on the street. I was initially fascinated by their adaptability to the ________ landscape, especially their ________ flexibility. They will eat a pile of yellow rice on Columbus Avenue, a soft pretzel on Central Park West, and a flattened apple pie in the parking lot of a Costco in Queens. Pigeons and house sparrows often hover and hop around them, but cannot compete with their ________. For a bird, they are good at walking on the ground.

The sounds they make are so ________ that you might not recognize that they are coming from the same species. If you listen closely, you can hear their up-and-down whistling, whirring, and even an early video game laser-like sound. You may not consider it ________ enough to be called a song, but it is a song nonetheless. When you stare at them, as I have many times, they never even appear to look at you, but they obviously see you because they respond incredibly rapidly to absolutely any movement or disturbance. They are off ________, always faster than I can draw my phone out in order to grab a good picture.

Sometimes, I wish that I did not know about what else they do across the country, and could just enjoy watching them in a quiet ________. And I wonder if you can know about their paths of ________ and still appreciate aspects of their behavior.

At times this winter, nothing in the built environment even came close to ________ me of life or the natural world. And then way up in that bit of sky, beside the water tower, I spotted five of them. I’d know their triangular wings, and their quick and suspicious behavior, anywhere. As they flew up and ________, they left in their wake the hope of bluer skies and future springtime.

1.

A．peak

B．priority

C．spot

D．stage

2.

A．dominate

B．destroy

C．endanger

D．drift

3.

A．adaptive

B．alternative

C．invasive

D．creative

4.

A．dramatically

B．ironically

C．specifically

D．virtually

5.

A．informally

B．occasionally

C．partly

D．obviously

6.

A．continent

B．district

C．suburban

D．urban

7.

A．behavior

B．dietary

C．scenery

D．voluntary

8.

A．laziness

B．quickness

C．toughness

D．trick

9.

A．similar

B．unforgettable

C．unique

D．varied

10.

A．alive

B．beautiful

C．sacred

D．delicate

11.

A．in a way

B．in a flash

C．in particular

D．in all

12.

A．community

B．ignorance

C．neighborhood

D．sidewalk

13.

A．destruction

B．transition

C．instruction

D．resolution

14.

A．freeing

B．informing

C．reminding

D．suspecting

15.

A．out of mind

B．out of place

C．out of reach

D．out of sight