1 . The Old Man and The Sea

The old man took one look at the great fish as he watched the shark close in.     1    .

The shark closed fast on the boat and when he hit the fish the old man saw his mouth open and his strange eyes and his sharp teeth as he drove forward in the meat just above the tail. The old man could hear the noise of skin and flesh ripping on the big fish when he threw the fishing spear(叉)into the shark’s head at a place where the line between his eyes crossed with the line that ran straight back from his nose. There were no such lines.     2     He hit it with his wet, bloody hands driving a good spear with all his strength. He hit without hope but with determination and complete hatred.

The shark turned over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he turned over once again, wrapping himself in the rope.     3     Then, on his back, with his tail still moving and his mouth opening and closing, the shark swam over the water as fast as a speed boat. The water was white where his tail beat it and three quarters of his body was clear above the water when the rope broke.

    4     Then he went down very slowly. “He took about forty pounds,” the old man said aloud. He took my spear too and all the rope, he thought, and now my fish bleeds again and there will be others. He did not like to look at the fish any longer since the shark had bitten it. When the shark had hit the fish, it was as though he himself had been hit. But I killed the shark that hit my fish, he thought. And that was the biggest shark that he had ever seen. And he had seen big ones in his lifetime. It was too good to last, he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never caught the fish.

A．Finally, he wanted to give up because of lack of strength.

B．It was hard for me to escape from the shark but I will try.

C．But that was the location of the brain and the old man hit it.

D．The old man knew that he was dead but the shark would not accept it.

E．I cannot keep him from hitting me, he thought, but maybe I can get him.

F．The shark lay quietly for a little while on the surface and the old man watched him.

2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My grandfather had started experiencing major problems with his left eye due to his old age. He had visited the hospital on many occasions to seek treatment, but his condition was not getting any better. Finally, his doctor told him the only way left was to go for eye surgery as a way of trying to correct the abnormality with the eyes.

Since it was a weekend and I had no classes on that day, I thought it would be a good idea to accompany my grandfather to the hospital rather than to stay home and be bored despite the fear I had of surgeries and hospitals in general.

My uncle drove us to the hospital. After ensuring that my grandfather bad checked in, he had to leave for an important appointment. Luckily, there were several helpful nurses available to offer any assistance that my grandfather required, and the doctors were very friendly. Even though things were taking their natural course, the situation was tearing me apart. I guessed the nurses sensed the high level of nervousness that both my grandfather and I had at that moment. They talked to us nicely so that we ended up relaxing and seeing the surgery as something normal and nothing to worry much about.

Before long, both my grandfather and I felt relaxed and ready for the surgery, as we forgot the high degree of nervousness we had felt just a few moments earlier. I have always had this fear of doctors and injections so even as I began to relax, thoughts of the upcoming surgery were drilling my mind. I knew the surgery would be more serious than the injections that I feared so much as well. In an hour or so, I was just sitting on the couch and waiting while the nurses were preparing my grandfather for the surgery.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

All of a sudden, a cup of coffee appeared before my eyes.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

After only an hour, my grandfather was wheeled out with a bandage on the operated eye.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box.Each word or phrase can only be used once.There is one extra that you do not need.

A. attach       B. provoke       C. renovate D. wander       E. switch       F. decline G. initiate       H. symbolize       I. capture

1. Indeed, crude oil   (原油) prices rose after Biden’s announcement, in anticipation that he may__________
the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to push oil prices as high as   $100   per barrel.
2. In all of 2020, global large-scale companies had the capacity to__________40 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2)—less than half the volume of carbon produced worldwide in a single week.
3. Along the way, passengers have the chance to__________through whitewashed   villages,   feel   the   sea   breeze in picturesque harbors, and explore ancient ruins.
4. The two things he is sure to__________most importance to are the freedom of the individual and the sovereignty (主权) of his country.
5. The survey predicted that the quality of the educational provision and standards pupils achieve might
__________significantly due to lack of funds.
6. The report proposed that the authority__________a new project to enable anyone to put forward any technologies for disease control.
7. The options, one to build an entirely new facility and a second to__________ the existing facility and add a
new part, both come with price tags of several hundred million dollars.
8. Temperatures will remain mild   until winds__________to the northwest after midnight.

4 . 假设你是晨光中学的李津。你校于12月24日举办了一个主题为“Read the word and the world”英语读书节活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。请你给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍有关情况，内容包括：
（1）英语读书节活动内容（每人须读完一篇学校指定的英文故事，读后活动包括故事复述、读后感交流等）；
（2）对活动感受；
（3）对明年读书节的期待。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
读书节Reading Day
Dear Chris,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Jin

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Bye, Mom; bye, Dad; don’t worry. We’ll take care of everything!’’ Carly waved from the front door of the shop as her parents drove off. They were headed for a well-deserved vacation from their candy store, and Carly had promised them she’d be able to run it by herself. Her parents didn’t quite agree, however, so they gave in to each other by having Carly Aunt Maggie come over and help. Her parents often called her aunt “uniquely creative’’, but it didn’t matter; Carly always had fun when her aunt was around.

Maggie blew into the store happily. “All right, Carly my love, what do we do first?” she smiled at her niece. Carly knew clearly the main job was to serve customers, so she could hardly wait to make her best candies. Seeing them on display, Aunt Maggie bit a bite of the chocolate mint-flavored candy. “It’s good, but… unoriginal,” commented her aunt. “We can do better.”

Before Carly could question what Maggie meant, the woman had gone to investigate the kitchen in the back. Shortly, she came back, hands full of items. “We need to add some of these to better that basic taste.” “Brussels sprouts? (芽甘蓝粉)’’ Carly looked at her aunt, surprised and puzzled. She couldn’t be serious! But she was. Carly’s eyes grew wide as she watched her aunt mix it together. “And some spicy sauce (辣酱汁)? That’s definitely an ice cream flavor. The cold will perfectly make candies less spicy!” Carly shook her head as Maggie continued her strange candy combinations: lemonade-flavored candy, barbeque-flavored candy...

Carly looked up as the bell over the front door rang, announcing some customers. Three boys came in and approached the counter. “Try something new!” insisted Maggie,   offering the first boy a piece of the Brussels sprout candy she had made, the second boy a spoon of hot sauce one... Puzzled, but too polite to argue, the boys left the store.

“There go our customers. Nobody will want to shop here!” Carly said to herself. The store was quiet. Carly sat behind the counter, not knowing what to wait.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With the sound of the bell again, the boys came back.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Carly had never seen the shop so busy!

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Reflecting on the experience of being trapped in a yacht（帆船）and saved later, Tony told reporters, ". . . Now that Fm getting a bit older, there is one thing that I don't mind telling the world: In these last six days, I'm a different person. I won't be so rude to people, not that I was, but I’ll be much more of a gentleman and I’ll listen to people a lot more. And as a dear old friend of mine, David, once told me when he got over the heart attack and smelt the fresh air again, he said, 'God, it was like being born all over again; life was great! "Well, that's how I feel now, like being born all over again. "

In January 1997 British yachtsman Tony was sailing solo deep in the Southern Ocean. A gale（大风）was raging. The waves, reaching the height of a five-story building, rushed on him with a sound like roaring thunder. As his yacht fell down the face of a wave, it hit something in the water and turned upside down.

Tony, who had been sheltering in the two-meter by three-meter cockpit（驾驶舱）, found it had become his prison. As giant waves buffeted the boat, water poured in and out a broken window, knee high at one end, waist high at the other. The air temperature was down to 2 degrees Celsius, and it was pitch black-the sun couldn't go through the upturned yacht.

Twelve times Tony left the cockpit in a vain attempt to release his life raft. Then he had to take refuge in his little cabin. Sitting inside the cold inky darkness, Tony only had some chocolate and a device for making fresh water from the salty sea. With his fingers becoming frostbitten, Tony thought that he v/as going to die. The odds of being rescued seemed impossibly small.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答

However, Tony didn't give up hope.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

It had been the fifth day when a RAF plane located him and dropped an electronic probe next to his yacht.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . 假定你是启智中学学生李华，你从报纸中得知2022年北京冬奥会正在招募志愿者，请给北京国际志愿者协会会长Henry Armstrong写一封邮件，申请加入。内容包括：
1.加入理由；
2.你的优势。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：北京冬奥会the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. cultivate       B. reassuring       C. opposing       D. objective       E. confidence F. evidence       G. perceived       H. functioning       I. estimate       J. existing K. scientism

Why Doubt Is Essential To Science

The confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked students at the beginning of the year how they would define science, many of them replied that it is a(n)     1     way of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties. For example, a majority of Americans trust science as long as it does not challenge their     2     beliefs. To the question “When science disagrees with the teachings of your religion, which one do you believe?” 58 percent of North Americans favor religion; 33 percent science; and 6 percent say “it depends.”

But doubt in science is a feature, not a bug. Indeed, science, when properly     3     , questions accepted facts and leads to both new knowledge and new questions — not certainty. Doubt does not     4     trust, nor does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions?

As a historian of science, I would argue that it's the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the real power of science lies precisely in what is often     5     as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge a possible explanation. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new     6     emerges from either experimentation or observation. Scientific findings are hypotheses that contain the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it stimulates us towards a better understanding; certainties, as     7     as they may seem, in fact block the scientific process.

Scientists understand this, but in the     8     force between the public and science, there are two significant traps. One is a form of blind     9     — that is, a belief in the capacity of science to solve all problems. And the other is a form of relativism borne out of a lack of     10     in the very existence of truth.

9 . Language Acquisition(习得)

Almost all humans acquire at least one language before the age of five. How do young children understand and produce complex sentences with complicated meanings? Do adults learn language differently from children? Most linguistic(语言学的) researchers agree that both nature and nurture(后天) are involved in language acquisition. They disagree， however， about how much linguistic knowledge children have from birth-and thus whether genetics or experience is more important in language acquisition.

For many linguists， biological factors are the most important in language learning. Some argue that some linguistic knowledge must exist in our brains from birth because children cannot possibly experience every feature of their language before the age of five. These linguists point out that nearly all children can produce the same kinds of complex sentence structures by the age of five， even without having heard them before.

Many researchers have theorized what this innate(先天的) linguistic knowledge must look like. One popular theory(理论) is universal grammar. This theory believes that all languages have the same basic structural foundation. That foundation is the innate knowledge universal to all humans. While children are not genetically tending to speak a particular language， a universal grammar gives them certain linguistic information as a starting point， which allows them to readily acquire the rules and patterns of whichever language they are exposed to.

Not all linguists， however， believe that an inborn ability for language is the most important factor in language acquisition. These researchers place greater emphasis on the influence of usage and experience. They argue that children are exposed to a wealth of linguistic structures over the course of five years. They gather data and determine language patterns and structures from what they have observed.

Linguists on both sides of the debate are still working to explain the different language learning abilities of adults and children. Early childhood seems to be an important period for mastering certain aspects of language. Children also tend to have a heightened ability to learn second languages. While adults may have some advantages when studying in a formal classroom， they usually do not learn second languages. While adults may have some advantages when studying in a formal classroom, they usually do not learn as quickly and easily as children. Are these different abilities a result of differences in how adults and children are exposed to a new language? Are they the result of biological changes， or do both biology and experience come into play?

While our understanding of language acquisition is incomplete, this pursuit is well worth the effort. “We still don’t understand how a child learns its first language, why some children have language disorders, or how children and adults learn a second language,” explains Professor Joan Ma ling.

Explaining the process of language acquisition promises not only to help scientists answer these questions, but also to explain fundamental features of learning and the human brain.

1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The control of nurture over nature in language acquisition.

B．The influence of universal grammar in language acquisition.

C．The best methods for children and adults to acquire language.

D．The role of biological and environmental factors in language acquisition.

2. What’s the right order of the passage's summary?
a. Studying language acquisition will help understand language and the brain better.
b. Some experts focus on the role of environmental factors in language acquisition.
c. Some experts believe innate factors explain children's language development.
d. Acquiring a language is complicated， and it involves both nature and nurture.

A．abcd

B．dcba

C．dbca

D．adcb

3. In Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3， the author wants to ________.

A．present a general argument and then explain a specific theory

B．present a specific theory and then propose a new study to prove it

C．present a general argument and then disprove an opposite argument

D．present a scientific debate and then discuss what all linguists agree on

4. What is the author's purpose of writing Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6?

A．To raise open questions that all linguists have.

B．To present two different viewpoints on language learning.

C．To stress the importance of experience in language learning

D．To introduce adult language acquisition and show why it's unpopular.

10 . 假如你是育才中学高二（1）班的班长李华，从新闻上得知本市要修建地铁的消息后，你们班就“要不要修地铁”这一话题展开了一场激烈的讨论。请根据以下提示，给某英文报社的编辑写一封信， 客观介绍这次讨论的情况。

85%的学生赞成	15%的学生反对
1. 方便，快速，安全 2. 节能， 无污染 3. 有助于缓解地面交通拥堵情况，减少交通事故。 4. …….	1. 花费太大， 应将这些钱用于建造更多的公路和铁路 2. 可能破坏某些地下文物 3. ……

注意：1. 词数100左右
2. 适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：historical relics历史文物