1 . The life of a journalist can be exciting. To be in constant pursuit of the latest news demands a curiosity that can only be rewarded by getting to “where it is happening” as soon as possible. The goal, of course, is to relate what is happening to the public as clearly as possible.
However, every journalist must be careful to report not only a vivid picture of what is happening, but a true picture. Each journalist reports his or her own version of what has taken place. Still, this version must be an actual account if the reporter is to maintain a reliable reputation.
In order to get to the truth in some new stories, a reporter must rely on the statements of someone who is on the inside of the situation. Often this insider will only talk to a reporter if the reporter promises never to reveal the insider’s name. The insider usually threatens never to admit meeting with the reporter if his or her name is revealed.
Because stories of this nature often involve criminal activity, reporting them becomes a dangerous job. This kind of work involved in obtaining news in this summer serves as an inviting situation for the underworld as well as the legal world. Members of the underworld want to find out who the insider is so that they can keep him or her quiet. Members of the legal world claim that the reporter will disturb justice if he or she fails to disclose the insider’s name.
Rather than be unaccountable to a trusted informant, most reporters will go to jail if need be. Freedom of the press is provided by the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. Impure interpretations of this portion of the constitution cause a small number of reporters to be jailed every year. However, as yet, no amount of legal maneuvering (操纵) has been able to put out this light of freedom set up by our forefathers. All of the reporters refusing to reveal the names of their informants have eventually been released.
Devotion of this kind has given journalism its reputation for reliability — a reliability that each journalist is expected to uphold in his or her search for truth. Supplying a truthful account of each day’s occurrence is the serious contract made between reporter and the public.
1. According to the passage, those who give inside information ________.A.are usually under police protection |
B.do not want their names made public |
C.are on rare occasions on good terms with reliable reporter |
D.often have difficulty in protecting their lives |
A.scheming | B.unknowing | C.stirring | D.tempting |
A.the courts sometimes misinterpret the First Amendment of the Constitution |
B.they get inside stories by dishonest means |
C.they are against the First Amendment of the Constitution |
D.there is no law in the United States to protect freedom of the press |
A.seldom follows the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States |
B.should be diligent, clever and inventive |
C.must provide the public with a truthful account as clearly as possible |
D.must try every means to satisfy the public’s curiosity |
2 . In recent years breakfast cereals (谷物) seem to have lost their appeal. Many contain things that
Now, the manufacturers are boasting a(n)
Cereal firms have tried many ways to cope with customer’s
Makers are also spending to help their main brands. Kellogg has put more fruit in its Special K Red Berries cereal. General Mills plans to
For now, cereal-makers can take
A.anxious | B.regular | C.satisfied | D.potential |
A.demand | B.standard | C.reputation | D.disrespect |
A.continuity | B.distinction | C.turnaround | D.equivalent |
A.compete | B.succeed | C.protest | D.refuse |
A.shrinking | B.promoted | C.inexhaustible | D.intellectual |
A.declined | B.regretted | C.diversified | D.patented |
A.changed | B.embarrassed | C.acquired | D.replaced |
A.doubted | B.fled | C.ignored | D.wandered |
A.conceal | B.receive | C.remove | D.expect |
A.distant | B.traditional | C.mysterious | D.profitable |
A.boost | B.review | C.reject | D.describe |
A.responsibility | B.comfort | C.charge | D.action |
A.failed | B.risen | C.paused | D.mattered |
A.Warm-hearted | B.Fun-loving | C.Would-be | D.Health-conscious |
A.reliable | B.wealthy | C.famous | D.intelligent |
3 . Trees are magicians with carbon, pulling it out of the air at remarkable rates to store it in their bodies. They are so good at removing this greenhouse gas that “planting trees” is often synonymous with doing environmental good.
And lots of people are planting trees. The number of tree-planting organizations has grown by almost 300 percent in the past 30 years, according to a 2021 paper in the journal Biological Conservation. But while tree planting can capture a great amount of carbon, it is hardly a silver bullet for the climate crisis — express estimate that even if we maximized our available lands for trees, this alone would not be enough to counteract carbon emissions caused by humans. Plus, many plantations grow the same few species in monocultures, which can hurt local biodiversity.
The minority of tree plantations are set up with carbon capture solely, or even primarily in mind, says Jacob Bukoski, a forestry scientist at Oregon State University. Most trees are planted with the goal of harvesting timber or wood pulp (木浆) for paper. Tree-planting organizations are more likely to create plantations for commercial reasons, the authors of the 2021 paper also note, rather than for biodiversity or carbon capture.
In forestry, there’s a saying that you have to plant “the right tree in the right place, for the right reason.” But when many tree plantations are established for commercial purposes, the tree that is planted is often not the “right” tree, says Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez, an ecologist at the Environmental Change Institute at the University of Oxford.
In a paper published recently in the journal Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Aguirre-Gutiérrez and colleagues argue that focusing on the goal of carbon removal by natural process causes organizations to ignore the importance of restoring balanced ecosystems. The result is a collection of trees that do not support local organisms or promote biodiversity in the way native plant species would have. These problems deserve particular notice in tropical areas where land is vast, and conditions such as stable temperatures and high humidity promote tree growth, as ignoring them while planting trees is damaging. When plantations increased the woody cover of the Brazilian savannah by 40 percent, this “resulted in an about 30 percent reduction in the diversity of plants and ants,” Aguirre-Gutiérrez and his co-authors write in the new paper.
Aguirre-Gutiérrez doesn’t want to discourage people from growing more trees, he says. Rather, we need a better way to protect the natural ecosystems and species there, like encouraging the restoration of native forest tree species. Local plants will be “better adapted to the conditions” in these environments, he says, which means they, and nearby species, are more likely to thrive. “If we go in that direction, that will bring us the added value of capturing carbon, but also this sustainability.”
1. Experts are concerned about tree plantation to reduce greenhouse partly because ______.A.the number of tree-planting organizations is growing too fast. |
B.the speed of tree planting falls far behind that of carbon emission. |
C.the selection of species in tree planting can harm local biodiversity. |
D.the land available to plant trees is not fully explored and developed. |
A.mass plantation of carbon-absorbing trees |
B.biodiversity preservation with local species |
C.harvest of timber or wood pulp for paper |
D.tree plantation for commercial purposes |
A.To show the benefits of planting trees in tropical areas |
B.To illustrate the vastness and eco-diversity of tropical areas |
C.To highlight the negative impact of planting trees in tropical areas |
D.To discourage people from randomly planting trees in tropical areas |
A.People and organizations should plant as many trees as they can to capture carbon. |
B.Plants in tropical areas can thrive better due to its vast land and agreeable climate. |
C.Preserving biodiversity plays a more sustainable role than capturing carbon only. |
D.Tree plantation organizations are irresponsible and focus only on making profits. |
A.worthwhile; sit | B.worthwhile; seating | C.worthy, seat | D.worth, sitting |
A.portals; traffic | B.competitors; roar | C.stadiums; audience | D.commentators; yell |
—It is in the corner ______ various fruits and vegetables are stored.
A.how; how | B.where; that | C.how; that | D.where; where |
A. cracked B. court C. assured D. stressed E. harboring F. making G. roared H. groundbreaking I. ultimate J. sensation K. check |
“Queen Wen” Ready to Reign
Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago. So close to the championship and so disappointed! Yet, it is with so much pride that we can reflect on the journey of a Grand Slam champion in the
An aggressive talent,
Two sets and 76 minutes later, Zheng’s first Grand Slam final ended in an alert reality
Coming up just one step short of the
With Zheng leading the way, China will have seven female players ranked within the top 100. This progress owes a lot to Li’s
假如你是明启中学的李华,即将在英语周的演讲活动中以“三十岁,我的成功我定义”(How I define my successful life when I am thirty)为题进行演讲。你的演讲稿必须包括:
1)描绘自己心目中成功的场景
2)计划为了实现这个目标的准备
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A.what is it | B.what it takes | C.what it is | D.why it takes |
A.conclusive | B.curable | C.overwhelming | D.practical |