1. Why does the speaker call Tina?
A.To tell her about a program. |
B.To ask for advice on reading. |
C.To give her reading resources. |
A.What positions she holds. | B.How to use the resources. | C.What experiences she has. |
A.It’s Tuesday. | B.It’s Wednesday. | C.It’s Friday. |
A.Prepare dinner. | B.Write an introduction. | C.Visit timeedge.com. |
1. Why is the man looking for Elaine?
A.To have lunch with her. |
B.To ask her to attend a meeting. |
C.To seek her opinion about his article. |
A.Job cuts. | B.Further education. | C.The Christmas party. |
A.His article will help him. |
B.He is an experienced worker. |
C.He is the best in the company. |
A.Roommates. | B.Classmates. | C.Co-workers. |
1. Where will the woman go at first?
A.Bangkok. | B.Ho Chi Minh City. | C.Singapore. |
A.See her friend. | B.Go to a market. | C.Visit some temples. |
A.In big hotels. | B.In small guest houses. | C.In her friends’ houses. |
lie in store do justice to like peas and carrots in the form of over the long term in honor of draw on not to mention light up sign up for make up for clear up |
1. He did not yet know what
2.
3. Growing up, the two of them were
4. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated
5. His enthusiasm
6. Chinese pop culture, whether
7. He
8. It is the rule of our school that the student who is on duty should
9. His eyes
10. The number of students who
6 . Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 创伤后应激障碍) is a mental disorder that develops among people who have experienced or observed traumatic things such as wars, disasters or other violent events. At the heart of PTSD is a memory that cannot be controlled. It can affect the everyday lives of its sufferers in forms such as flashbacks, nightmares and anxiety.
A new study done by researchers from Yale University and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City suggests that patients with PTSD process their traumatic memories differently than regular memories.
The researchers did brain scans of 28 PTSD patients. I hey asked the patients to listen to recorded narrations of their own memories. Some of the recorded memories were neutral, some were simply “sad”, and some were traumatic.
They found that when the patients listened to the sad memories, the hippocampus (海马体), which is responsible for forming memories, was activatea. But when they listened to the traumatic memories, a different area, called the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC. 后扣带回皮质), was engaged. The PCC is not a memory region. Instead, it regulates internal experiences, such as daydreaming.
The more severe PTSD symptoms are, the more active the PCC is. “The brain doesn’t look like it’s in a state of memory; it looks like it is a state of present experience.” Daniela Schiller, one of the authors of the study, told The New York Times. “That means people with PTSD feel as though they’re experiencing the traumatic event again in the present moment, rather than thinking back on it like atypical memory.”
The new finding might hold hope for new PTSD therapies (治疗). Future therapies are expected to focus on helping PTSD patients return their traumatic memories to the hippocampus so that they can treat them as regular and non-disruptive (非破坏性的) memories. Changing the ways of thinking could help the brain reduce the feeling of immediate threat caused by trauma, according to Ilan HarRaz-Rotem, one of the paper’s authors.
1. What is the core issue regarding PTSD according to the text?A.An uncontrollable memory. | B.Brain damage. |
C.Anxiety disorders. | D.Nightmares. |
A.Their hippocampus was closed. |
B.Their internal experiences were blocked. |
C.Their PCC area became active. |
D.Their regular memory function improved. |
A.memory recall | B.daydreaming |
C.current experience | D.boredom |
A.Controlling the hippocampus. |
B.Removing the feeling of threat. |
C.Normalizing their traumatic memories. |
D.Changing their brain structure. |
1. Where should the students wait for the bus?
A.By the school gate. | B.At the bus stop. | C.In the playground. |
A.A brush. | B.A packed lunch. | C.A drink. |
A.Feed animals. | B.Play baseball. | C.Climb on a wall. |
A.At 3:20 p.m. | B.At 3:30 p.m. | C.At 4:15 p.m. |
1. Where are the speakers?
A.In a car. | B.At home. | C.At Grandma’s house. |
A.Roast chicken. | B.Apple pie. | C.Fried fish. |
A.Excited. | B.Surprised. | C.Calm. |
A.He will go to Grandma’s house by himself. |
B.He made some cornbread for Thanksgiving. |
C.He has just finished a business trip. |
explore recognize achieve previous benefit dependent annual |
2. The old man has a physical examination
3. An Olympic gold medal is an amazing
4. Now that you have reached the age of 18, you should be
5. With the continuous development of technology, more and more people are eager
10 . 4 places in the Midwest that look like they could be in Europe
If an expensive overseas trip isn’t in the cards for you right now, don’t worry. Take a road trip from Chicago and check out these Mid-western tourist spots that look like they’re straight out of a European postcard.
★Niles, Illinois
If you visit a square at 6300 W. Touhy Avenue, you’ll find a pleasantly European surprise — a half-sized copy of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Constructed in1934 to hide a water tower, the Leaning Tower of Niles stands 94 feet tall with a 7. 4-foot tilt which looks like the Italian one.
★Lindsborg, Kansas
Originally settled by Swedish immigrants, Lindsborg’s Scandinavian culture remains clear through public art and Swedish specialty shops, so prepare to collect Scandinavia n clothes, cookies, and wine. Best of all are the town’s yearly Scandinavian celebrations, where you’ll find various Swedish traditions.
★Frankenmuth, Michigan
Lovingly called “Little Bavaria”, this central Michigan town look like they’ve been transported straight out of a Franconian village. For the full Bavarian experience, you can stop by one of its restaurants for traditional German food. You can also learn a little more about the town’s Franconian origins.
★New Glarus, Wisconsin
Many people in Chicago know New Glarus for its brewery. Take a walk there and you’ll soon realize why it’s called “Little Switzerland”. Named after the big city of Glarus in Switzerland, New Glarus’ wooden houses, Swiss restaurants and museums, and gently hilled landscapes make for an almost Alpine(阿尔卑斯山的)experience.
1. What is the best part of a trip to Lindsborg, Kansas?A.The local natural scenery. |
B.The Scandinavian celebrations. |
C.The Scandinavian dressing culture. |
D.The traditional Scandinavia n foods. |
A.Niles, Illinois. | B.Lindsborg, Kansas. |
C.Frankenmuth, Michigan. | D.New Glarus, Wisconsin. |
A.For its famous brewery. | B.For its Alpine-style design. |
C.For its main Swiss population. | D.For the same city name of Glarus. |