1 . Blue-light-filtering glasses (滤蓝光眼镜) have become an increasingly popular solution for protecting our eyes from electronic screens’ near-inescapable glow — light that is commonly associated with eyestrain (眼疲劳). In recent years they’ve even become fashion statements that are recognized by celebrities and ranked in style guides. But a recent review paper shows such glasses might not be as effective as people think.
The paper, published last week in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, analyzed data from previous trials that studied how blue-light-filtering glasses affect vision tiredness and eye health. The study’s authors found that wearing blue-light-filtering glasses does not reduce the eyestrain people feel after using computers.
“It’s an excellent review,” says Mark Rosenfield, a professor at the State University of New York College of Optometry, who was not involved in the study. “The conclusions are no surprise at all. There have been a number of studies that have found exactly the same thing, that there’s just no evidence that blue-blocking glasses have any effect on eyestrain.” He adds that the new review reinforces the fact that there is virtually no evidence that blue-blocking glasses affect eyestrain despite them being specifically marketed for that purpose. As for using blue-light-filtering eyeglasses for eye health, for now, Rosenfield says, “there’s nothing to support people buying them”.
The strain we may feel while staring at our phone or computer screen too long is likely to be caused by multiple factors, such as bad habits or underlying conditions, an associate professor of vision science at the University of Melbourne, Downie says. She argues that how we interact with digital devices contributes more to eyestrain than screens’ blue light does. Changing the frequency and duration of screen usage and distancing one’s eyes from the screens might be more important in reducing discomfort, Downie says. She adds that people who experience eyestrain should see a doctor to assess whether they have an underlying health issue such as far-sightedness or dry eye disease.
1. What can we know about blue-light-filtering glasses from the text?| A．They can improve eyesight. | B．They may not reduce eyestrain. |
| C．They can promote eye health. | D．They can help to cure eye diseases. |
| A．A great many professors were involved in the study. |
| B．Blue-blocking glasses on the market are harmful to eyes. |
| C．The finding of the study comes as a surprise to the public. |
| D．Data from previous trials help the study a lot. |
| A．Denies. | B．Opposes. | C．Strengthens. | D．Evaluates. |
| A．Wear blue-light-filtering glasses. | B．Have an examination in the hospital. |
| C．Stop staring at the screen for ever. | D．Focus on the frequency of phone usage. |
2 . Europeans and other western nations have controlled car industry for over a century. But a newcomer will soon be running after them at their heels.
China has gradually built its car-making capabilities during different periods.
| A．How did this happen? |
| B．Yet this is changing rapidly. |
| C．These cars sold well at home and abroad. |
| D．The Chinese are not exactly newcomers. |
| E．China also has excellent shipping links, like Shanghai. |
| F．China is also in a good position to build cars for the right price. |
| G．It originally began making Soviet-designed vehicles in the 1950s. |
1. Why does the woman call the restaurant?
| A．To order food. | B．To book a table. | C．To ask about her missing bag. |
| A．Provide a description. | B．Give a card number. | C．Call back later. |
| A．She needs bags for packing. |
| B．She needs money for her trip. |
| C．She needs her passport for going abroad. |
| A．Call the police. | B．Get back her bag. | C．Buy a new bag. |
One day in 1964, my mother came home from work and announced that she had found a pet for the family. My sister asked what it was. My mother said it was a poodle dog named Pepe.
I couldn’t believe my sister wanted a poodle dog — especially one with such a strange name. But she had made up her mind.
Pepe arrived the next night, his short tail bobbing (摆动) happily. I remained distant, thinking poodles should have stayed in France. My sister played with him until bedtime, and he begged for more attention. I ignored him.
He was a skilled digger, so our backyard fence wouldn’t hold him. We tied him; he pulled out of his collar (颈圈). We drove stakes (木桩) into the ground; he dug them up. We put a harness on him, staked the ground and tied him to the laundry pole; he was still waiting for me at the front door at the end of the day, smiling happily.
Every day, he asked me with his eyes to play with him or take him somewhere. At night, he would wait until I fell asleep, leave his bed by the wall heater and jump onto the end of my bed.
One night, I was in a half dream state. Suddenly, my throat and my eyes hurt, and some animal was whining (哀鸣) in my ear. I opened my eyes and saw fog in my room. I wondered who left the window open. Pepe whined and nibbled (咬) on my blouse. Then I woke up and realized that it wasn’t fog in my room — it was smoke.
I couldn’t breathe standing up, so I got down on the floor and crawled (爬行) beneath the smoke. Pepe followed my every move, his curly-haired stomach struggling on the ground. If I hadn’t been so scared, I would have laughed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We finally arrived in the kitchen, where the smoke was very thick.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I turned off the burner (炉子) and crawled to open the back door.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Remember the cupping marks on the swimming superstar Michael Phelps at the Rio Olympics? The
Cupping, also termed as “horn method” in ancient China,
Cupping therapy has developed alongside TCM theory as part of its strong foundation. TCM believes that the human body
Due to the continued
9 . A virtual reality headset has restored (修复) sight to people who are legally blind. While it didn’t cure the physical cause of their blindness, the device let people with severe macular degeneration (黄斑退化) go on with activities like reading and gardening — tasks they previously found impossible.
Macular degeneration is a common, age-related condition. It affects many people worldwide. It leaves people with a blind spot in the centre of their vision and causes legal blindness. The new system, called Iris Vision, uses VR headset to make the most of peripheral vision (周边视觉). It records the person’s surroundings and displays them in real time, and the user can widen the image as many times as they need for their peripheral vision to become clear. Doing so also helps to effectively reduce or remove their blind spot.
In a trial,30 people used the system for two weeks, filling out questionnaires on their ability to complete daily activities before and after the period. “They can do things that for years were not even a consideration,” says David Rhew at Samsung Electronics America. According to Rhew, the vision of participants was all but restored with the headset. “The baseline rate of vision in the individuals came in at 20/400, which is legally blind, and with the use of this technology it improved to 20/30, which is pretty close to 20/20 vision,” he says. Tom Peterson has serious macular degeneration. When he first started using the device, “It was an emotional experience. I sensed that I could see again and tears started coming,” he says.
The results were presented at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (眼科学) annual meeting. The headset is now being used in 80 ophthalmology centres around the US, and the next step is to adapt the software to work for other vision disorders. Some have commented that it is heavy for long periods of use. “Many people with macular degeneration regularly use eight to ten different tools, such as telescopes and magnifying glasses, to help them with daily life, but Iris Vision can replace them all,” says Perski.
1. What may lead to legal blindness?| A．Too much reading. | B．A blind spot. |
| C．Increasing ages. | D．Macular degeneration. |
| A．To explain the process of the trial. |
| B．To show the problems with the trial. |
| C．To prove the effectiveness of Iris Vision. |
| D．To promote the new product of Iris Vision. |
| A．Objective. | B．Negative. | C．Supportive. | D．Critical. |
| A．A VR headset —new ways to cure blindness |
| B．A VR headset —good news for blind people |
| C．Macular degeneration —a deadly eye disease |
| D．Macular degeneration — an important body organ |
10 . In 1969, I was five years old in Lynchburg, Virginia, a skinny black kid of somewhat poor village. At that time, what my villagers were watching was “one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind — Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were walking on the Moon.” I always joined them with great interest.
My father was a farmer who worked from dawn until dark, struggling to feed my family. But he always took pains to do all the things to make money for his children to experience different adventures and encourage us to run after our own dreams. After Neil Armstrong’s moon landing, all the kids in the neighborhood thought I would be an astronaut one day. But I didn’t see an astronaut like me, because family background did matter.
I went on with this dream through a high school, and even a college. After graduation, I went to work for NASA. A friend of mine handed me an application and believed that I would be a great astronaut. Although I was lucky enough to be chosen, I didn’t know what it meant to be a real astronaut. In 2007, I was in Space Shuttle “Atlantis,” careening off the planet, traveling at 17,500 miles per hour, and eight and a half minutes later, the main engines cut off, and we were floating in space.
My job on this mission was to install(安装) a laboratory for materials and human research, which the European team have been waiting for 10 year. I grabbed out the big module, using the robotic arm and attaching it to the space station. So, this moment happened. It was done and I had a big sigh of relief.
In the space station, I could communicate with different people from all around the world. We had these people living and working together. Whether Russian or French, all these different people coexisted in harmony as one family. And so, when I looked up to space, I thought we all had to hold onto something until we finally came to the fantastic space.
1. Why did the author think it impossible to be an astronaut at first?| A．He was a farmer. | B．His family was poor. |
| C．He was too young. | D．His father was too tired. |
| A．Thinking back to. | B．Looking out of. |
| C．Taking pictures of. | D．Flying away from. |
| A．Demanding and challenging. | B．Rewarding and boring. |
| C．Satisfying and motivating. | D．Promising and amazing. |
| A．Everyone is likely to become an astronaut. |
| B．Parents are the best examples of their children. |
| C．Different people can coexist in harmony as one family. |
| D．Everyone should hold onto his dream, whether rich or poor. |
