1 . It’s breathtaking to watch the delicate spring wildflowers come out from their blanket of leaves, bloom, develop and disperse (传播) fruit, all in a matter of a few short days or weeks.
Although they look fragile, these are tough little plants, each focusing its efforts on spreading its species. They have evolved to have a wide range of flower structures and colors, some with fragrances, attracting many different insect species to assist them in pollination (授粉).
There is one strategy (策略) that a surprising number of spring blooming native plants have evolved in common: seed dispersal by ants. As many as thirty percent of the spring flowering plant species in the forests of eastern North America have evolved to take advantage of this situation to benefit themselves. These species have evolved to provide food attached to their seeds to encourage ants to disperse those seeds. This food, called an elaiosome, is a specialized fat body whose chemical composition more closely matches that of the insects that ants prefer than it does that of a seed.
When a fruit opens to disperse its seeds, the elaiosomes are an instant attraction for ants. They take the seed with its attached elaiosome back to their nests for consumption there, but they just eat the elaiosome, their preferred food, and dispose of the seed on their trash pile. This tends to be an environment that is rich in nutrients, and will benefit the growth of the new plant. Just to make sure the ants don’t eat the seeds in addition to the elaiosome, some plant species have hard seed coatings that ants can’t really bite through.
This evolutionary adaptation is somewhat similar to the strategy of plants that have evolved to surround their seeds with fleshy fruits to attract birds to assist them with seed dispersal. Given the fact that there are fewer birds available in early spring to help with seed dispersal, it makes sense that the early blooming plants evolved to partner instead with the ants for this service.
Did you ever wonder how your Spring Beauty managed to pop up in new locations in your lawn or garden? Thank an ant!
1. How many methods do wildflowers have to attract animals according to the text?A.Two. | B.Three. | C.Four. | D.Five. |
A.It’s hard to digest. | B.It’s impossible for ants to resist. |
C.It makes the earth rich in nutrients. | D.It’s often thrown into the trash pile. |
A.Ants are creative and hardworking. |
B.Ants are better at dispersing than birds. |
C.The birds in the early year are not enough. |
D.The birds are not interested in their fleshy fruits. |
A.Thank Ants for Wildflowers |
B.Wildflowers Discover Their Treasures |
C.New Species of Wildflowers are Found |
D.Ants Are Superheroes Protecting Environment |
2 . DerlinNewey, an 89-year-old man from Weber County, Utah, has already reached an impressive age, but his Social Security checks aren’t covering his expenses. He works for a local Papa John’s as a delivery man, and despite being forced to work at his advanced age, he hasn’t let that affect his attitude — something the Valdez family recognized and honored.
Fans of pizza, the Valdezes order Papa John’s quite often. And when they do, they specifically request Newey, who always shows up with his signature greeting: “Hello, are you looking for some pizza?” The Valdezes, who have over 60,000 followers on TikTok, have featured Newey in the past, and their viewers have fallen in love with the elderly gentleman. “Everybody loves him,” Dad Carlos Valdez said.
The family has grown so fond of him that they decided to do something wonderful for the man. After they started a fundraiser for Newey, it wasn’t long before generous donors had given to the tune of $12,000 — a sizable amount by any standard, but especially so for someone in Newey’s shoes. “Collectively as a community, we all came together, and we were able to raise $12,000 for this amazing person,” CarlosValdez explained. “Somebody at that age should not be working that much.”
All that was left was to surprise Newey in his own home, making a special delivery to their special delivery man. “Good morning, dude! How are you doing?” CarlosValdez greeted Newey. The “TikTok famous” delivery man thought he was going to bring him a shirt with his signature saying (which he did), but he got far more than he had expected when CarlosValdez handed him a fat envelope stuffed with cash.
Newey didn’t even know what TikTok was, asking “Is that an online group you communicate with each other through the telephone?” “This couldn’t have gone any better,” CarlosValdez said. “He needed this. I’m just glad we could help him. We just need to treat people with kindness and respect the way he does. He stole our hearts.”
1. Why does Newey still work in his later years?A.At his fans’ request. | B.For his love for the job. |
C.Out of financial necessity. | D.For experiencing a new lifestyle. |
A.Starred. | B.Surprised. | C.Sponsored. | D.Employed. |
A.Ask him for his signature. | B.Bring him a special shirt. |
C.Deliver him a large fortune. | D.Offer him a pizza for free. |
A.They’re ambitious and selfless. | B.They’re determined and creative. |
C.They’re serious and intelligent. | D.They’re friendly and considerate. |
3 . Day tour from Edinburgh
Start our journey in Edinburgh at 8:30am and travel north to South Queensferry Forth Bridges Viewpoint to get a great view of one of Scotland’s greatest man-made landmarks, the Forth Rail Bridge.
You then travel the short distance to Blackness Castle. It’s an impressive castle that’s known as the ‘ship that never sailed’ because it resembles a giant stone boat. Stand in awe of the formidable fortress — this was not only a noble residence but also a stronghold built for war. Climb the towers and curtain wall for sweeping views of the Firth of Forth and its rail and road bridges. Your next stop is Stirling Castle, one of Scotland’s greatest stone castles. The castle peaked in importance in the 1500s, but its volcanic crag has been fortified since ancient times. You then travel the short distance to the National Wallace Monument. It is one of Scotland’s most celebrated landmarks. The stunning 67 metre tower is instantly recognisable, and attracts more than 100,000 visitors every year. The NationalWallace Monument is a tower standing on the shoulder of the Abbey Craig, a hilltop overlooking Stirling in Scotland. It commemorates Sir William Wallace, a 13th-century Scottish hero.Your final stop of the day is Linlithgow Palace. Here you have time to walk by the loch for about an hour. Explore the magnificent ruins of the birthplace of Mary Queen of Scots. Linlithgow Palace was built and added to over two centuries by the Stewart kings, resulting in a superb Renaissance residence.
From here, it’s a short drive back to Edinburgh at about 6:30 pm.
Kids friendly (0+ age)
You have more free time for sightseeing compared to similar bus tours.
Small group tour with a maximum of 4 passengers.
Enjoy privileged, personalized attention from your driver/guide on this small group tour.
1. Which is the third stop of the travel?A.The Forth Rail Bridge. | B.Blackness Castle. |
C.Stirling Castle. | D.Linlithgow Palace. |
A.4 hours. | B.7 hours. | C.10 hours. | D.12 hours. |
A.Art & music. | B.Architecture. |
C.Galleries & museums. | D.Bike & mountain bike. |
1. 演出时间和地点;
2. 入场须知(观看途中不能拍照,吃东西等)。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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5 . The world’s coral reefs do more for the planet than provide underwater beauty. They protect shorelines from the effects of hurricanes. An estimated 500 million people earn their livelihood from the fishing stocks and tourism opportunities reefs provide. The tiny animals that give rise to reefs are even offering hope for new drugs to treat cancer and other diseases.
Despite their importance, warming waters, pollution, ocean acidification, overfishing, and physical destruction are killing coral reefs around the world. So now scientists around the world are looking for all kinds of ways to protect and maybe even revive(复苏) corals. In the Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, is focusing on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He recently published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that seemed to survive an intense 2015 heat wave, and one that didn’t.“It sets the stage to find out which genes are responsible for thermal tolerance,” says Cunning, adding that he hopes discovering those genes will help scientists one day breed more heat-tolerant coral.
In Massachusetts, Cohen’s research has found two key elements that seem to protect corals. The first: internal(内部的) waves beneath the ocean’s surface that bring cooler currents to heat-struck corals, essentially air-conditioning them as temperatures rise. The second: adaptation, a quality that corals found in Palau’s warm lagoons(环礁湖) seem to display.On average, these lagoons submerge(淹没) coral in water that is two degrees Celsius warmer than the water outside the lagoons. “We think the fact that they can deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genetics and allows them to deal with the heat waves.”
She’s also found evidence of corals evolving more quickly in the past two decades to withstand rapidly warming temperatures. The big question scientists are now enquiring into, says Cohen, is whether there’s a cap on how much more heat corals can adapt to. Cohen calls these regions with heat-adapted corals as “super reefs,” and like Friendlander, advocates for using marine reserves to protect them.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The protection for coral reefs |
B.The great value of coral reefs. |
C.The benefits for tourism from coral reefs. |
D.The relationship between animals and coral reefs. |
A.Cooling down the waters is the key to their success. |
B.Some corals have been genetically improved successfully. |
C.He expects to identify the genes of the heat-tolerant corals. |
D.Some corals that survived 2015 heat wave surprised people. |
A.How corals survive in the warm lagoons. |
B.What are the key elements to protect corals. |
C.How they can use natural reserves to protect corals. |
D.What is the high temperature limit of the surviving corals. |
A.Science. | B.Environment. | C.Animal. | D.Climate. |
6 . Even if we’ve never laid eyes on a certain person, the sound of their voice can relay a lot of information: whether they are male or female, old or young, or perhaps an accent indicating which nation they might come from. While it is possible for us to randomly deduce someone’s facial features, it’s likely that we won’t be able to clearly piece together what someone’s face looks like based on the sound of their voice alone. However, it’s a different matter when machines are put to the task, as researchers from MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) have discovered in developing an AI that can vividly reconstruct people’s faces with relatively impressive detail, using only short audio clips(音频片段) of their voices as reference.
Named Speech2Face, the neural(神经的) network — a computer that “thinks” in a manner similar to the human brain — was trained by scientists on millions of educational videos from the Internet that showed over 100,000 different people talking. From this dataset, Speech2Face learned associations between vocal cues(声带) and certain physical features in a human face, researchers wrote in a new study. The AI then used an audio clip to model a photorealistic face matching the voice.
However, the tool was far from perfect. Speech2Face turned out “mixed performance” when confronted with language variations. For example, when the AI listened to an audio clip of an Asian man speaking Chinese, the program produced an image of an Asian face. However, when the same man spoke in English in a different audio clip, the AI generated the face of a white man, the scientists reported.
Thankfully, AI doesn’t know exactly what a specific individual looks like based on their voice alone. Voice privacy otherwise would be a concern like face recognition for us. The neural network recognized certain markers in speech that pointed to gender(性别), age and ethnicity(种族), features that are shared by many people, the study authors reported.“As such, the model will only produce average-looking faces,” the scientists wrote. “It will not produce images of specific individuals.”
1. What can best replace the underlined word “deduce” in Paragraph1?A.Mistake. | B.Guess. | C.Record. | D.Search. |
A.It produces the results with great accuracy. |
B.It allows thousands of people to talk at the same time. |
C.It has learnt the connection between speech and appearance. |
D.It can tell the differences between the Chinese and the Europeans. |
A.Skeptical. | B.Confused. | C.Favorable. | D.Worried. |
A.MIT’s New Discovery Give a Surprise to People. |
B.AI Generated Your Faces by Listening to Your Voices. |
C.Your Voice Could Give Away Your Nationality with the AI Tool. |
D.Speech2Face: Neural Network Recognized You Behind a Picture. |
7 . Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden
Hidden amongst the shops and cafes of colorful Chinatown at 578 Carrall Street, the walled Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden is a little oasis(乐土) in the city of Vancouver, BC. Popular with locals looking for a quiet walk, tourists looking for an interesting attraction, and film crews searching for locations that look like China, the Chinese Garden is top of most people’s lists for a shot of nature in the heart of the city. Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Park is a public garden that features a lily pond, pagoda(佛塔) and winding pathways — it’s open to the public during daylight hours and has no admission fee. The museum part of the park has an admission fee of $12 from October to April ($14 from May to September) and is open daily, apart from Mondays and Fridays from November 1 to April 30. Explore independently or take one of the 45-minute guided tours that are included in your admission fee to find out more about symbolism in the garden.
Entrance to the garden is at 578 Carrall Street — the public entrance is via the gate in the courtyard and the museum entrance is through the door next to it. Chinatown is within walking distance of most downtown hotels and is served by TransLink buses and the SkyTrain system, which stops at the nearby Chinatown-Stadium station.
Educational events run throughout the year and the garden hosts musical events, art exhibits and author talks, as well as festivals, Halloween celebrations and special one-off concerts. Traditional tea service, and calligraphy(书法) workshops take place all year round, but the garden’s biggest celebration comes during the Chinese Lunar New Year in February. Lanterns light up the garden for three weekends of fun, when the garden is magically transformed for this traditional Chinese festival.
1. How much should a visitor pay for visiting Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Park in Vancouver in October?A.$26. | B.$14. | C.$12. | D.$0. |
A.Mondays in December. |
B.Fridays in February. |
C.Mondays in September. |
D.Fridays in March. |
A.Educational events and author talks. |
B.Calligraphy workshops and art exhibits |
C.Traditional tea service and the lit lanterns. |
D.Traditional tea service and calligraphy workshops. |
8 . When my experiments didn’t produce the exciting results they were supposed to, I thought I just needed to work more, for the idea that I would be
Those comments planted the seed of a new
During my Ph.D., the penny
A.rewarded | B.served | C.abandoned | D.misunderstood |
A.respected | B.noticed | C.accepted | D.declined |
A.faith | B.thoughts | C.intelligence | D.struggles |
A.experiment | B.invitation | C.approach | D.assistance |
A.abstract | B.consistent | C.common | D.cautious |
A.brushed off | B.took on | C.turned down | D.made up |
A.realized | B.checked | C.assessed | D.stressed |
A.stricter | B.purer | C.hotter | D.easier |
A.accident | B.dilemma | C.normal | D.procedure |
A.attempt | B.growth | C.request | D.belief |
A.quality | B.project | C.burden | D.prejudice |
A.risked | B.slipped | C.prayed | D.exited |
A.refreshed | B.lonely | C.guilty | D.dizzy |
A.hopefully | B.fully | C.carefully | D.silently |
A.promise | B.contribute | C.write | D.convey |
A.cost | B.dropped | C.benefited | D.ended |
A.take no notice of | B.show interest in | C.make sense of | D.find fault with |
A.control | B.darkness | C.guard | D.pressure |
A.wander | B.relax | C.forget | D.recover |
A.break | B.turn | C.walk | D.test |
A.Teacher and student. | B.Nurse and patient. | C.Boss and employee. |
A.A book. | B.A film. | C.An actor. |