1 . Now that we have briefly explored the history of the short story and heard from a few of its creators, let us consider the role of the reader. Readers are not empty vessels that wait,
My students always
A short story,
Now it is your turn. Form a partnership with your author. During your
During this adventure, I hope you will feel the same as the listeners that surround the neck of my Pueblo storyteller.
1.A.hands | B.sails | C.flags | D.lids |
A.considerations | B.explorations | C.associations | D.interpretations |
A.imagination | B.eagerness | C.determination | D.affection |
A.begged | B.supported | C.encouraged | D.challenged |
A.dealt | B.struggled | C.fought | D.engaged |
A.external | B.artificial | C.classical | D.traditional |
A.ensured | B.analyzed | C.revealed | D.delivered |
A.however | B.furthermore | C.therefore | D.besides |
A.interpret | B.anticipate | C.predict | D.tell |
A.conclusion | B.evaluation | C.summary | D.appreciation |
A.craftsmanship | B.intentions | C.depth | D.character |
A.by itself | B.in vain | C.in question | D.as a whole |
A.observation | B.involvement | C.experiment | D.adventure |
A.journey | B.process | C.dialogue | D.contact |
A.recall | B.confirm | C.identify | D.cancel |
2 . During the initial stages of instructed L2 (the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however,
Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction (演绎) is also not a
Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic
A.inquires | B.requires | C.receives | D.inspires |
A.difficult | B.easy | C.possible | D.necessary |
A.copy | B.focus | C.find | D.clean |
A.however | B.moreover | C.because | D.nevertheless |
A.disturb | B.seem | C.occur | D.disappear |
A.solution | B.approach | C.problem | D.wonder |
A.official | B.annual | C.objective | D.alternative |
A.predicted | B.presented | C.postponed | D.preferred |
A.available | B.outstanding | C.attractive | D.evident |
A.by means of | B.moreover | C.in spite of | D.however |
A.focus | B.analysis | C.object | D.target |
A.describe | B.grasp | C.link | D.force |
A.conclusions | B.appointments | C.aspects | D.contents |
A.react | B.establish | C.memorize | D.leave |
A.enhanced | B.invented | C.contrasted | D.behaved |
3 . When it came to moral reasoning, we like to think our views on right and wrong are rational. But ultimately they are grounded in emotion. Philosophers have argued over this claim for a quarter of a millennium without
Harvard psychologist Joshua Greene does brainscans of people as they study the so-called trolley problem. Suppose a trolley is rolling down the track toward five people who will die unless you pull a lever (杠杆) that pushes it onto another track where,
But suppose the only way to save the five people is to push someone else onto the track — a bystander whose body will bring the trolley to a stop before it hits the others. It’s still a one-for-five
Princeton philosopher Peter Singer argues that we should
A.comprehension | B.hesitation | C.resolution | D.permission |
A.reliable | B.invisible | C.impressive | D.decisive |
A.unfortunately | B.obviously | C.surprisingly | D.inevitably |
A.regretting | B.minimizing | C.justifying | D.estimating |
A.struggle | B.deal | C.loss | D.mistake |
A.Likewise | B.However | C.Therefore | D.Moreover |
A.memory | B.reason | C.emotion | D.sensory |
A.enduring | B.obvious | C.acceptable | D.intense |
A.compete for | B.come from | C.take over | D.engage in |
A.self-reflecting | B.decision-making | C.problem-solving | D.attention-calling |
A.innocents | B.hostages | C.relatives | D.soldiers |
A.trust | B.apply | C.examine | D.ignore |
A.superior | B.stubborn | C.caring | D.selfish |
A.willingly | B.collectively | C.deliberately | D.cheaply |
A.master | B.advocate | C.slave | D.protester |
4 . It started with a bit of casual discomfort on the head, but after a week it had spread to the back of my neck, enough to lead me to my laptop. Annoying as it was, I was
As soon as I’d tapped in ‘online self-diagnosis’, the search engine provided me with over 11.5 million results. And during the time normally spent in the clinic’s waiting room reading the Women’s Weekly, I was able to find a site that would provide a free
I answered all the questions until I eventually reached a description exactly matching my
I headed off to the doctor for what I thought would be a blood test but which turned out to be a valuable lesson in not
I learnt my lesson, but for some the worry caused by
Once upon a time, hypochondria required time and effort: you had to go to the library to research your diseases and
A.reluctant | B.surprised | C.able | D.sure |
A.knowledge | B.association | C.evidence | D.medication |
A.sample | B.assessment | C.subscription | D.upgrade |
A.standards | B.arguments | C.definitions | D.symptoms |
A.fortunate | B.touched | C.alarmed | D.different |
A.believing | B.explaining | C.questioning | D.covering |
A.keeping | B.losing | C.drying | D.washing |
A.taking off | B.putting on | C.breaking away | D.looking up |
A.dropped | B.differed | C.increased | D.helped |
A.safety | B.health | C.access | D.money |
A.available | B.accurate | C.misleading | D.complex |
A.occasionally | B.automatically | C.painstakingly | D.literally |
A.bringing to light | B.taking into consideration | C.putting into practice | D.setting on top |
A.rare | B.hard | C.large | D.simple |
A.state | B.change | C.freedom | D.peace |
5 . Scientific discovery is popularly believed to result from the sheer genius of such intellectual stars as naturalist Charles Darwin and theoretical physicist Albert Einstein. Our view of such unique contributions to science often
Consider one
What are we to make of this story? We propose that science is constantly
Plenty of other stories show that fresh advances can arise from error, misadventure, and also pure serendipity — a happy
A.overlooks | B.enriches | C.questions | D.reflects |
A.Aiming at | B.Longing for | C.Holding back | D.Setting aside |
A.native | B.creative | C.subjective | D.sensitive |
A.stressed | B.unrecognized | C.celebrated | D.respected |
A.suspicious | B.concerned | C.wrong | D.guilty |
A.tested | B.rejected | C.accepted | D.proposed |
A.got rid of | B.made room for | C.jumped off from | D.put up with |
A.struggling | B.reversing | C.evolving | D.shrinking |
A.result from | B.contribute to | C.depart from | D.relate to |
A.priorities | B.trials | C.advances | D.obstacles |
A.If | B.Until | C.While | D.Unless |
A.Responsibility | B.Prejudice | C.Dislike | D.Support |
A.doubted | B.neglected | C.foreseen | D.exceeded |
A.motivation | B.modification | C.dedication | D.publication |
A.occasion | B.life | C.accident | D.ending |
6 . Background noise—like the chatter in a coffee shop or the drone of passing traffic—might slow our reading speed, but according to a study of Russian readers, it doesn’t
“Overall, previous studies reported a harmful effect of both auditory and visual noise on reading fluency and
One of the language processing theories examined was the noisy channel model, which proposes that our brain deals with noise by looking at the meaning of
The second theory is the good enough model; that’s when our brains aren’t analyzing every single detail of a text but instead only grabbing enough words for a ‘good enough’ understanding. By focusing less on the precise words, our brains can
To see how reading was affected by noise
There’s a lot going on in this study, but overall it’s a bigger win for the good-enough language processing theory and an indication that auditory and visual noise doesn’t make us
With so many variables to measure in terms of what’s being read and what the
A.reinforce | B.estimate | C.affect | D.interpret |
A.First of all | B.For example | C.Above all | D.To start with |
A.context | B.efficiency | C.comprehension | D.device |
A.evaluated | B.identified | C.established | D.employed |
A.individual | B.different | C.new | D.unfamiliar |
A.confirm | B.imply | C.refer | D.infer |
A.exploit | B.spare | C.commit | D.consume |
A.on account of | B.regardless of | C.in regard to | D.in contrast to |
A.make up for | B.live up to | C.catch up with | D.put up with |
A.declined | B.shrank | C.expanded | D.increased |
A.embarrassing | B.depressing | C.puzzling | D.annoying |
A.associated | B.compared | C.replaced | D.mixed |
A.take | B.set | C.rely | D.base |
A.accompanying | B.strange | C.deafening | D.distant |
A.Therefore | B.However | C.Instead | D.Otherwise |
7 . “It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.” This is the
Back on the ground, Sir Richard called the experience “magical”. He may have
The two tycoons (大亨) are among a growing number of
For now, Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic will offer
Even this 4-minute suborbital travels have a(n)
Another challenge — and the industry’s biggest remaining uncertainty — relates to
A.modest | B.demanding | C.motivational | D.unclear |
A.obligation | B.commitment | C.requirement | D.survey |
A.felt ashamed of | B.kept an eye on | C.felt content with | D.got upset with |
A.optimists | B.opponents | C.experts | D.objectors |
A.thanks to | B.but for | C.apart from | D.in spite of |
A.impossible | B.undoubted | C.probable | D.favorable |
A.long-lasting | B.inexpensive | C.automatic | D.brief |
A.On the contrary | B.What’s more | C.In the long run | D.Above all |
A.shortcoming | B.limitation | C.advantage | D.appeal |
A.profitable | B.uneconomic | C.eco-friendly | D.globalized |
A.predictable | B.essential | C.irrelevant | D.uncertain |
A.development | B.security | C.stability | D.novelty |
A.particularly | B.critically | C.precisely | D.unforeseeably |
A.initiated | B.drafted | C.modified | D.suspended |
A.brave | B.abandon | C.steer | D.pause |
8 . History has not yet
Whatever we
Historian Neil Howe sees
A.remarked | B.convinced | C.guaranteed | D.revealed |
A.numbers | B.houses | C.accommodates | D.contains |
A.peers | B.adolescents | C.folks | D.guys |
A.over | B.without | C.besides | D.beyond |
A.diagnosed | B.dismissed | C.labeled | D.coined |
A.end up | B.consider about | C.appeal for | D.approve of |
A.distribution force | B.purchasing power | C.global view | D.unique outlooks |
A.vivid | B.instructive | C.instant | D.profitable |
A.feed up with | B.put up with | C.make up for | D.identify with |
A.faking | B.revising | C.illustrating | D.maintaining |
A.supervising | B.forming | C.representing | D.promoting |
A.parallels | B.contrasts | C.comparisons | D.reservations |
A.because | B.although | C.while | D.when |
A.emphasis | B.generation | C.intensity | D.cultivation |
A.routes | B.schemes | C.names | D.definitions |
9 . If at first you don’t succeed, as the old saying goes, try, try again. Good advice, up to a point. But let me offer a
Consider the advice for job interviews in Talent, a new book by economist Tyler Cowen and venture capitalist Daniel Gross. They suggest asking a(n)
Indeed, one way to describe this tactic is that the interviewer is asking for answers in
While that approach is
A striking example of parallel design is the creation of the Windows 95 startup sound. Microsoft was looking for an opportunity to
Eno recalls receiving a brief, asking for music that was “inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic... there were about 150
Eno describes himself as being “completely bereft of ideas” at the time. He found the brief both hilarious and inspiring. In the end he
Bill Burnett and Dave Evans, in their delightful book Designing Your Life, suggest an exercise in which you sketch out a vision for the next five years of your life. What will you be doing? Where will you live and with whom? Are you hoping to run a marathon? Start a business? Write a novel?
This is often a straightforward act of
I’ve tried this myself and seen others try it. People squirm. They protest. Sometimes they cry. And then, sooner or later, the ideas start pouring out.
We all contain
A.suggestion | B.promotion | C.recommendation | D.modification |
A.routine | B.academic | C.personal | D.controversial |
A.presented | B.exhausted | C.challenged | D.accepted |
A.style | B.parallel | C.detail | D.privacy |
A.fundamental | B.flexible | C.unconventional | D.practical |
A.distinct | B.determined | C.deliberate | D.vain |
A.dismiss | B.restrict | C.explore | D.overlook |
A.inevitably | B.accidentally | C.theoretically | D.eventually |
A.scale up | B.figure out | C.experiment on | D.show off |
A.adjectives | B.statements | C.variables | D.copyrights |
A.purchased | B.composed | C.performed | D.appreciated |
A.exhibited | B.created | C.broke | D.underestimated |
A.aggressiveness | B.imagination | C.wisdom | D.will |
A.dart | B.score | C.drawing | D.notice |
A.emotions | B.ambitions | C.desires | D.multitudes |
10 . There aren’t enough resources to identify and cure the factors that are causing populations of animals around the world to decline. Artificial intelligence might have the power to change that.
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Preservation Metrics, a company that assists preservation efforts with AI
In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered machines take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it. But
By many
Humans,
In large national parks and wildlife reserves,
We still face many challenges to
A.makes a sound | B.catches fire | C.keeps the distance | D.takes chances |
A.affected | B.preserved | C.recorded | D.attracted |
A.unlawfully | B.instantly | C.frequently | D.deliberately |
A.fiction | B.significance | C.factors | D.resources |
A.deceiving | B.doubtful | C.desirable | D.disturbing |
A.Engaged in | B.Qualified for | C.Armed with | D.Exposed to |
A.in addition | B.in reality | C.in return | D.in fact |
A.measures | B.programs | C.services | D.species |
A.biodiversity | B.production | C.population | D.economy |
A.distribute | B.pool | C.lack | D.exploit |
A.meanwhile | B.however | C.otherwise | D.besides |
A.big-game | B.professional | C.local | D.illegal |
A.impossible | B.dangerous | C.urgent | D.thankless |
A.disproved | B.explained | C.predicted | D.ignored |
A.estimate | B.reverse | C.experience | D.sustain |