1 . Icehouse and ice ticket
As early as Pre-Qin Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make cold drinks. The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called “ice administration”. They collected natural ice blocks each December to store in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, “ice tickets” were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.
Ice container
The most commonly used cooling tool is called “Jian”, which is a big container filled with ice. It was made of clay in early Chinese history, and was later made of copper (铜). The “Jian” can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold drinks.
Hiding food in the well
During the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off is by using their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet, or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.
Herbal drinks
During the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.
1. What does “Jian” have the same function as?| A．Container. | B．Refrigerator. | C．Clay. | D．Copper. |
| A．Ice tickets. | B．Ice container. | C．Hiding food in the well. | D．Herbal drinks. |
| A．To strengthen the body. | B．To keep food fresh. |
| C．To escape the summer heat. | D．To make cold drinks. |
2 . The tech trends in this year’s product launches are to improve your quality of life, or to boost up your pride. But the more practical gadgets will improve health and wellness, or life experiences, while still keeping things cool.
Roam Portable Speaker
Size matters, but the new speaker truly denies the limitations of a tiny speaker. The Roam is a lightweight, outdoor-friendly home speaker. Its 10-hour battery life helps it work for you every day, in and out of the home. And its built-in auto- tuning feature will adjust the sound based on where you are. Being dust-and-water-resistant, Roam is likely the coolest adventure-friendly speaker on the market now.
Studio Buds
Cancel all that noise with Studio Buds. Their Active Noise Canceling mode continuously detects and blocks out any unwanted wavelength harmful to your delicate eardrums. Audio-wise, Studio Buds treat your ears to the right amount of loudness. Another bonus comes from their upto-24-hours of playback and a five- minute fast fuel charging.
OM 5 Smartphone Gimbal Stabilizer (万向支架)
Selfie-stick is nothing dead when vlogging is spreading out of control. OM 5 is its new portable smart gimbal stabilizer. For starters, it simply does not shake at all and its Active Track 4.0 formula is able to precisely track moving objects in the frame for a high-resolution focus.
STORIES Smart Glasses
While this is no VR set, the smart glasses bring a lot to the table. They have a camera for recording first- person- perspective content in HD, a single-touch pad for controlling music and the camera, and near-ear speakers so you can leave your headphones or smartphone in pocket while answering a call.
1. What is the feature of Studio Buds?| A．They have a 10-hour long battery life. | B．Their mode is friendly to users’ hearing. |
| C．They function well exposed to water. | D．Their holders are stable and flexible. |
| A．They can be connected to a VR set. | B．They can be used to decorate a table. |
| C．They can help users answer a call. | D．They can replace a single- touch pad. |
| A．Studio Buds. | B．Roam Portable Speaker. |
| C．STORIES Smart Glasses. | D．OM 5 Smartphone Gimbal Stabilizer. |
3 . Help to care for the world’s most beloved animal in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve. You’ll play a vital role in readapting over 100 bears that were previously captive as prisoners and abused before being rescued and brought to this place. Provide for the basic needs of these beautiful creatures, and enjoy seeing them live happily and healthily in their new-found freedom.
Duration: 1—4 weeks (2 weeks maximum between June and August)
Dates: Throughout the year except the months over Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year
Qualification: General level of fitness required. The reserve is hilly and there is a lot of walking.
Age: 17 +
What will I be doing?
Your working day starts with a wander through the reserve. This is the perfect opportunity to see the bears playing, climbing trees, swimming and even having a good back scratch against the trees.
Typically the volunteer work with bears includes at least some of the following tasks:
·Food preparation: this will be your main task as bears need to eat up to 10 kg per day to stay healthy—that’s a lot of food!
·Watching the bear feeding process: a real highlight is to see the bears coming out of the undergrowth to get the best bits.
·Bear watching: it is important to keep an eye on how the newest bears are coping, and how quickly they are adapting to their new surroundings.
·Reserve conservation work: sometimes there can be some basic maintenance (维护) work required, such as gathering hay for quarantine (隔离), clearing undergrowth etc.
Accommodation and food
·Most volunteers will be based in a comfortable, central apartment that Oyster rents for you and your fellow volunteers.
·Wi-Fi is included.
·You are expected to share a room with at least one other volunteer.
·The volunteer flat has a well-equipped kitchen, two bedrooms, two toilets and a shower.
·Food is not included—volunteers either cook in the flat or enjoy some of the many amazing restaurants located on your doorstep.
1. What is the goal of the project?| A．To seek financial support. | B．To help wildlife in need. |
| C．To find young volunteers. | D．To foster environmental awareness. |
| A．In January. | B．In August. | C．In November. | D．In December. |
| A．Teaching the bears new tricks. | B．Adapting the bears to new environments. |
| C．Keeping the reserve in good condition. | D．Preventing bears scratching each other. |
4 . Get a Glimpse of College Life on the Harvard Campus
Application for summer 2022 is now open!
Test your intellect (智力) without the pressure of leer grades. You will be challenged by lvy League scholars as you immerse yourself in one subject in a small class of approximately 15 students. Classes are noncredit, so you can take a college-level course for learning’s sake.
●Live a balanced (college) life. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. Join in co-curricular activities that stimulate your mind. And take time to have fun and get to know your peers.
●Discover your passions. Whether you’re undecided about potential areas of study or want to take a deeper dive into subject you love, the Pre-College Program can help you find what really excites you.
How to Apply
The admissions committee is looking for mature, academically motivated students who meet both of the following criteria:
●Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2023 or 2024
●Are at least 16 years old by June 18, 2022, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2022
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from in each session of three, you’re sure to find a topic that inspires your interest.
You take one course during a session, and although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, they are rigorous (严格的).
At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript (成绩单) with a grade of AR or NM (“above requirements” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to boost your college application.
Explore the 2022 course catalog or browse courses.
Cost: $4,950+$75 application fee, $100 health insurance (The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks.)
Learn More About Costs Option
1. What can we learn from the pre-college program?| A．It consists of online courses and other activities. |
| B．Learners have no worry of receiving evaluation. |
| C．It offers learners over 90 non-credit courses in all. |
| D．Learners socialize on campus to find their academic interest. |
| A．The course experience. | B．The program calendar. |
| C．Costs and aid options. | D．Admission procedures. |
| A．High school graduates of 2022. | B．Those below 16 by July 31, 2022. |
| C．Those above 19 before June 18, 2022. | D．Students 17 entering college in 2023. |
5 . Are you interested in a career in nursing? Prepare with this course where you will explore how nursing contributes to the health and well-being of individuals and communities around the world.
You will learn about the different parts nurses play, including the mission of nurses in public health. You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help people and communities care for themselves.
This course has been created by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, as part of the PADILEIA project. It is supported by SPHEIR UK aid.
What topics will you cover?
* The roles and unique contributions of nurses globally
* Principles and applications of Holistic care within a local context
* How nursing can support people and communities to care for themselves
* The role of nurses in public health, and the role of World Health Organization
* The three impact of nursing. How nursing can improve health; promote gender equality; and contribute towards stronger economies
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments online.
Who is the course for?
This course has been created for refugees (难民), displaced people and the communities supporting them in the MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa) region who wish to study nursing or a healthcare-related course at a university in English. It has been created as part of the PADILEIA project.
However, it will also be of interest to anyone looking to develop their knowledge of nursing and healthcare.
Supported by UK aid-Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education, Innovation and Reform.
1. What’s the chief purpose of the course?| A．To teach people how to care for themselves. |
| B．To train people for nursing and healthcare. |
| C．To help nurses improve their nursing skills. |
| D．To allow nurses to share their experience online. |
| A．Study on their own and pace themselves. |
| B．Discuss the PADILEIA project online. |
| C．Study with other learners face to face. |
| D．Learn from other experienced learners in hospitals. |
| A．An advertisement. | B．A science report. |
| C．An entertainment poster. | D．A travel guide. |
6 . The pandemic changed the way couples live together. Most of the time, people say they are feeling stressed. New studies are showing how things can work out for the better. A lot of folks said that life together has improved. The improvement was that they learned to talk and act in new ways.
Experts say the following are some ways to improve life together.
Keep Track of the Good Stuff
Positive words and actions work much better than negative ones. Laughing, smiling, touching, and saying nice things make disagreements easier to get past. They may not solve every problem but may help couples get through hard times. Being generous also is good. An expert said there is a virtue in “giving good things to one’s spouse freely and abundantly.” Examples include making coffee, showing affection, and forgiving.
Hold Hands
Research shows that holding hands takes some stress away from the person in pain. When partners take our hand, they take some of the emotional burdens. Think about how it feels to touch your partner. Hold hands when you head out the door or watch television. Spend hand-holding time talking about things that are on your mind. It may be things like money, kids, or work.
Share Your Perfect Day
Think about your best day. Share the details with your partner. Include your likes, dislikes, hopes, and dreams. Try to plan a version of a perfect day together.
These questions and details help people get to know each other better. Talking about your perfect day is a way of telling your partner about yourself. It is a way to make a deeper connection between you.
1. According to the text, what is the primary basis for life improvements?| A．People should live together. |
| B．The pandemic made people feel stressed. |
| C．Things can work out for better. |
| D．People should learn to talk and act in new ways. |
| A．Because holding hands is a good way to connect. |
| B．Because hand-holding lowers stress. |
| C．Because holding hands belongs to positive actions. |
| D．Because hand-holding shows affection. |
| A．deepen the connection between you |
| B．think about your best day |
| C．plan a version of a perfect day |
| D．know yourself better |
7 . Big Space Events To Put In Your Calendar For 2022
MAY — CHINA’S SPACE STATION GETS BIGGER
May will see the launch of a new module for the Tiangong space station, China’s “Palace in the sky”. Its first core module, Tianhe was launched last April. The next module will be Wentian, a laboratory expected to launch between May and June. It will also serve as a backup core module and the place where future spacewalks from the taikonauts will take place. It will be followed by a second laboratory module, Mengtian, in August-September.
JUNE — INDIA’S SPACECRAFT TAKES ITS FIRST FLIGHT
ISRO, the Indian Space Research Organization, has announced that Gaganyaan (which translates to Sky Craft) will have is first unscrewed fight in June. The craft is panned to be a key vehicle in the Indian Human Spaceflight Program and, all going well in this test; it will be followed by a crewed test next year.
JULY — RUSSIA EYES THE MOONAGAIN
Russia’s Luna program had many successes with landers, rovers, and even sample returns, and Luna 25 is expected to follow in that tradition according to Russian Space Agency, Roscomos. The mission this fine is just a lander expected to touch down near the Lunar South Pole with instruments designed to study the soil. The location might be a possible area of interest for a permanent base on the Moon.
AUGUST — MORE LUNAR MISSIONS
August will see the launch of the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter, a panned lunar orbiter by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI). This will be the first Korean Lunar Mission, a technology demonstration for KARI.
1. Which country will carry out multiple space tasks this year?| A．China. | B．India. | C．Russia. | D．Korea. |
| A．It will operate in low lunar orbit. | B．It will take a land on the Moon. |
| C．It will serve as a permanent base. | D．It will take its first crewed flight. |
| A．In May. | B．In June. | C．In July. | D．In August. |
8 . Direct flights are wonderful, but sometimes there isn’t a direct flight to your destination available. If you need to change planes for a connecting flight, this article will walk you through everything you need to know to ensure you make it on the plane!
Plan in Advance.
Find an airport map. Most airport websites have a printable map.
Find your gate number.
Pick up your luggage if necessary.
You usually do not need to pick up your checked luggage unless you have just made an international flight, or if you purchased the two tickets separately.
Find your gate.
Even if you have plenty of time, walk to your gate right away.
| A．Download a smartphone app. |
| B．Don’t be afraid to ask directions. |
| C．Contact the airline to arrange this. |
| D．Allow at least 2 hours if landing in another country. |
| E．If you’re certain you need to pick it up, do so as fast as possible. |
| F．Put this in your luggage to save yourself time looking for your gate. |
| G．After getting off the plane, you should first find your next gate number. |
9 . Four Days in the Highlands
Riding one of the world’s best trains is the ideal way to experience the peaks, valleys and first-class food of Scotland.
DAY 1
To pick up the Royal Scotsman you’ll need to be in Edinburgh the night before, thus giving you time to have dinner at the city’s coolest restaurant, the Little Chartroom. Then it’s a leisurely start as you board the Royal Scotsman, one of the world’s finest classic trains. Cabins are small but perfectly formed. Enjoy afternoon tea as you wind through valleys before arriving in Keith for the night. Then opt (选择) for drinks in the Observation Car, or stretch your legs in historic Keith.
DAY 2
After breakfast, head to the Observation Car. This is one of the best parts of the trip, as the train snakes alongside fishing villages and dense woodland. Then disembark for Cawdor Castle, one of Scotland’s loveliest privately owned castles. Take a guided tour before reboarding the train. Tonight is a formal dinner.
DAY 3
Today the train makes its way into Moray, with an unmatched coastline. Head to Ballindalloch, a grand castle. There’ll be champagne on the lawn, cakes in the house and a chance to wander through the ancient woodland. You’ll sleep well, possibly thanks to an on-board whisky tasting that hits just the right spot.
DAY 4
The train moves deep into the heart of the dramatic Cairngorms today. You can take fly-fishing or clay-pigeon shooting lessons at the Rothiemurchus Estate before heading off to one of Scotland’s crown jewels. Then it’s back on-board for one final delicious dinner and a teary goodbye.
1. What can travelers do on the first day on the train trip?| A．Wander around in Keith at night. | B．Take an adventure through valleys. |
| C．Have dinner at the Little Chartroom. | D．Enjoy afternoon tea in the Observation Car. |
| A．Moray | B．Ballidalloch |
| C．Rothiemurchus | D．Cawdor Castle |
| A．DAY 1 | B．DAY 2 | C．DAY 3 | D．DAY 4 |
10 . This chart shows how much money Americans have in savings at every age.
The typical American household has an average of $ 8,863 in an account at a bank or credit union, according to a recent report from Bankrate that analyzed inflation-adjusted data from the Federal Reserve. That’s purely in liquid savings, so it doesn’t include retirement funds or other investments.
However, that amount varies greatly by age and household type.
Savings vary widely by household type and age
For many families, this amount of savings falls short, some experts warn. “The ultimate destination should be enough to cover six months’ expenses, perhaps 9 to 12 months for sole breadwinners or self-employed individuals,” Greg McBride, CFA and chief financial analyst for Bankrate, com, says in the report.
”Here’s the thing with emergency money: More is always better,” best-selling author and co-founder of AE Wealth Management David Bach tells CNBC Make It. “You hear all the time experts say, you should have three months of expenses set aside. Well, it depends. In the recession, when people lost their jobs, three months of expenses set aside wasn’t enough.”
Meanwhile, other research has found that 60 percent of millennials don’t have enough money to cover a $ 1,000 emergency.
In addition to building your emergency fund, you should aim to put around 15 percent of your income towards retirement savings, according to the financial services company Fidelity.
If you want to put more away each month, start by cutting back on Americans? three biggest expenses: housing, transportation and food. You can also research ways to trim (削减) your budget and look into strategies for boosting your income.
1. According to the chart, for those between 35 and 44, who have the most in savings?| A．Singles with children. | B．Singles without children. |
| C．Couples with children. | D．Couples without children. |
| A．3 months’ expenses. | B．6 months’ expenses. |
| C．9 months’ expenses. | D．12 months’ expenses. |
| A．Business and trade. | B．Saving and investing. |
| C．Health and wellness. | D．Employment and retirement. |
